Early antibiotic exposure in very-low birth weight infants and infection risk at 3-7 days after birth.
J Perinatol
; 43(9): 1158-1165, 2023 09.
Article
de En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37491474
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To determine rates of late-onset infection (LOI) during postnatal days 3-7 among preterm infants, based on antibiotic exposure during days 0-2. STUDYDESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study of infants born <1500 grams and ≤30 weeks gestation, 2005-2018. We analyzed the incidence and microbiology of LOI at days 3-7 based on antibiotic exposure during postnatal days 0-2.RESULTS:
The cohort included 88,574 infants, of whom 85% were antibiotic-exposed. Fewer antibiotic-exposed compared to unexposed infants developed LOI (1.5% vs. 2.1%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.28, 95% CI 0.24-0.33). Among antibiotic-exposed compared to unexposed infants, Gram-negative (38% vs. 28%, p = 0.002) and fungal (11% vs. 1%, p < 0.001) species were more commonly isolated, and gram-positive organisms (49% vs. 70%, p < 0.001) were less commonly isolated.CONCLUSIONS:
We observed low overall rates of LOI at days 3-7 after birth, but antibiotic exposure from birth was associated with lower rates, and with differing microbiology, compared to no exposure.
Texte intégral:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Base de données:
MEDLINE
Sujet principal:
Prématuré
/
Antibactériens
Type d'étude:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limites:
Humans
/
Infant
/
Newborn
Langue:
En
Journal:
J Perinatol
Sujet du journal:
PERINATOLOGIA
Année:
2023
Type de document:
Article
Pays d'affiliation:
États-Unis d'Amérique