Linden-based mucilage biodegradable films: A green perspective on functional and sustainable food packaging.

ABSTRACT

This study focuses on the utilization of linden mucilage, extracted from the linden tree, as a potential natural polymer source for the production of composite films. The films, which incorporating linden water extract, essential oil, and oil, exhibited improved thermal stability, surface morphology, and water resistance. Biodegradability assessments, particularly for films using essential oil and oil, showed promising outcomes by maintaining structural integrity. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated significant resistance against pathogens, indicating potential applications requiring microbial resistance. Mechanical analyses revealed a trade-off between tensile strength and elongation at break with addition of components. Composite films exhibited reduced water vapor permeability which correlate with water solubility and contact angle measurements. Soil biodegradation studies highlighted the films' potential to mitigate environmental impact. Cytotoxicity tests confirmed the safety of these films for potential food applications. Additionally, antioxidant assays showed increased radical scavenging activity in films with added components. In conclusion, linden-based composite films exhibit promising characteristics, suggesting their potential as sustainable and functional materials, particularly for use in food packaging.