Ribavirin inhibits peste des petits ruminants virus proliferation in vitro.

ABSTRACT

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, belongs to the genus Morbillivirus. It causes devastating viral diseases in small ruminants and has been rapidly spreading over various regions in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Although vaccination is thought to be an effective management strategy against PPR infections, the heat sensitivity of PPRV vaccines severely restricts their use in regions with hot climates. In this research, we studied the antiviral activities of ribavirin and aimed to understand the potential mechanisms of action of ribavirin in the African green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells). In brief, the adsorption, intrusion, replication, and release of PPRV, as well as the mRNA expression level of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), were significantly inhibited in the ribavirin-treated Vero cells compared to those in the PPRV-infected cells that were not treated with ribavirin. Additionally, ribavirin has potential as an antiviral drug against PPRV, and its antiviral activity is mediated by the Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) and PI3K/AKT pathways.