Perspectives on the involvement of the gut microbiota in salt-sensitive hypertension.
Hypertens Res
; 47(9): 2351-2362, 2024 Sep.
Article
de En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38877311
ABSTRACT
Salt-sensitivity hypertension (SSH) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular event-related death. Despite the extensiveness of research on hypertension, which covers areas such as the sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin system, the vascular system, and the immune system, its pathogenesis remains elusive, with sub-optimal blood pressure control in patients. The gut microbiota is an important component of nutritional support and constitutes a barrier in the host. Long-term high salt intake can lead to gut microbiota dysbiosis and cause significant changes in the expression of gut microbiota-related metabolites. Of these metabolites, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine oxide, amino acids, bile acids, and lipopolysaccharide are essential mediators of microbe-host crosstalk. These metabolites may contribute to the incidence and development of SSH via inflammatory, immune, vascular, and nervous pathways, among others. In addition, recent studies, including those on the histone deacetylase inhibitory mechanism of SCFAs and the blood pressure-decreasing effects of H2S via vascular activation, suggest that several proteins and factors in the classical pathway elicit their effects through multiple non-classical pathways. This review summarizes changes in the gut microbiota and its related metabolites in high-salt environments, as well as corresponding treatment methods for SSH, such as diet management, probiotic and prebiotic use, antibiotic use, and fecal transplantation, to provide new insights and perspectives for understanding SSH pathogenesis and the development of strategies for its treatment.
Mots clés
Texte intégral:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Base de données:
MEDLINE
Sujet principal:
Chlorure de sodium alimentaire
/
Microbiome gastro-intestinal
/
Hypertension artérielle
Limites:
Animals
/
Humans
Langue:
En
Journal:
Hypertens Res
Sujet du journal:
ANGIOLOGIA
Année:
2024
Type de document:
Article
Pays d'affiliation:
Chine
Pays de publication:
Royaume-Uni