Space-time clusters and co-occurrence of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in West Bengal, India.
Malar J
; 23(1): 189, 2024 Jun 17.
Article
de En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38880891
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Malaria, a prominent vector borne disease causing over a million annual cases worldwide, predominantly affects vulnerable populations in the least developed regions. Despite their preventable and treatable nature, malaria remains a global public health concern. In the last decade, India has faced a significant decline in malaria morbidity and mortality. As India pledged to eliminate malaria by 2030, this study examined a decade of surveillance data to uncover space-time clustering and seasonal trends of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases in West Bengal.METHODS:
Seasonal and trend decomposition using Loess (STL) was applied to detect seasonal trend and anomaly of the time series. Univariate and multivariate space-time cluster analysis of both malaria cases were performed at block level using Kulldorff's space-time scan statistics from April 2011 to March 2021 to detect statistically significant space-time clusters.RESULTS:
From the time series decomposition, a clear seasonal pattern is visible for both malaria cases. Statistical analysis indicated considerable high-risk P. vivax clusters, particularly in the northern, central, and lower Gangetic areas. Whereas, P. falciparum was concentrated in the western region with a significant recent transmission towards the lower Gangetic plain. From the multivariate space-time scan statistics, the co-occurrence of both cases were detected with four significant clusters, which signifies the regions experiencing a greater burden of malaria cases.CONCLUSIONS:
Seasonal trends from the time series decomposition analysis show a gradual decline for both P. vivax and P. falciparum cases in West Bengal. The space-time scan statistics identified high-risk blocks for P. vivax and P. falciparum malaria and its co-occurrence. Both malaria types exhibit significant spatiotemporal variations over the study area. Identifying emerging high-risk areas of P. falciparum malaria over the Gangetic belt indicates the need for more research for its spatial shifting. Addressing the drivers of malaria transmission in these diverse clusters demands regional cooperation and strategic strategies, crucial steps towards overcoming the final obstacles in malaria eradication.Mots clés
Texte intégral:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Base de données:
MEDLINE
Sujet principal:
Plasmodium vivax
/
Saisons
/
Paludisme à Plasmodium vivax
/
Paludisme à Plasmodium falciparum
Limites:
Humans
Pays/Région comme sujet:
Asia
Langue:
En
Journal:
Malar J
Sujet du journal:
MEDICINA TROPICAL
Année:
2024
Type de document:
Article
Pays d'affiliation:
Inde
Pays de publication:
ENGLAND
/
ESCOCIA
/
GB
/
GREAT BRITAIN
/
INGLATERRA
/
REINO UNIDO
/
SCOTLAND
/
UK
/
UNITED KINGDOM