T cell-mediated Immune response and correlates of inflammation and their relationship with COVID-19 clinical severity: not an intuitive guess.
BMC Infect Dis
; 24(1): 612, 2024 Jun 20.
Article
de En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38902613
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Predictors of the outcome of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain to be fully determined. We evaluated selected viral characteristics and immunological responses that might predict and/or correlate to the clinical outcome of COVID-19.METHODS:
For individuals developing divergent clinical outcomes, the magnitude and breadth of T cell-mediated responses were measured within 36 h of symptom onset. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) were subjected to in vitro stimulation with SARS-CoV-2-based peptides. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 sequences were generated by metagenome, and HLA typing was performed using Luminex technology.FINDINGS:
CD4+ T cell activation was negatively correlated with SARS-CoV-2 basal viral load in patients with severe COVID-19 (p = 0·043). The overall cellular immune response, as inferred by the IFN-γ signal, was higher at baseline for patients who progressed to mild disease compared to patients who progressed to severe disease (p = 0·0044). Subjects with milder disease developed higher T cell responses for MHC class I and II-restricted peptides (p = 0·033).INTERPRETATION:
Mounting specific cellular immune responses in the first days after symptom onset, as inferred by IFN-γ magnitude in the ELISPOT assay, may efficiently favor a positive outcome. In contrast, progression to severe COVID-19 was accompanied by stronger cellular immune responses, higher CD4 + T cell activation, and a higher number of in silico predicted high-affinity class I HLA alleles.Mots clés
Texte intégral:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Base de données:
MEDLINE
Sujet principal:
Indice de gravité de la maladie
/
Lymphocytes T CD4/
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
/
Immunité cellulaire
Limites:
Adult
/
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Langue:
En
Journal:
BMC Infect Dis
Sujet du journal:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Année:
2024
Type de document:
Article
Pays d'affiliation:
Brésil
Pays de publication:
Royaume-Uni