[Usage profile of different parenteral support options in acute and chronic care facilities]. / Perfil de uso de los diferentes tipos de nutrición artificial en un hospital de agudos y de crónicos.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of parenteral, enteral, and mixed nutrition in one acute and one chronic hospital. DESIGN: Retrospective, non-randomised, observational study. STUDY SITES South Seville Health Area Acute Hospital (H1) and Chronic Hospital (H2) with 447 and 84 beds, respectively. We analysed all episodes of artificial nutrition administered in a 6-month period. Exclusion criteria included age <18 years, oral supplements, and peripheral nutrition. RESULTS: Artificial nutrition was used in a total of 568 episodes 406 were enteral nutrition, 162 were parenteral nutrition, constituting 4.95%, 3.54% and 1,41% of all hospitalisations, respectively. Enteral nutrition was more common at H2 hospital (n=219, 15.5/100 hospitalisations) and parenteral nutrition was more commonly used at H1 (n=155, 6.96/100 hospitalisations), with the ICU providing the majority of treatments (43.8%). Mixed nutritional support was used in 68 patients (0.59% of all cases), and was most commonly used in the surgery department (n=32, P<.001). The most commonly used enteral formula was the special diabetes diet; 41.2% at H1 and 46.6% at H2. Patient mortality with enteral nutrition was 37% at H1, 63% at H2, and was correlated with age (OR=1.025, 95% CI 1.006-1.046, P<.05), male sex (OR=1.612, 95% CI 1.023-2.540, P<.05), and time in ICU (OR=49.379, 95% CI 11.971-203.675, P<.01). CONCLUSIONS: Enteral nutrition was more frequently used in both the acute and chronic hospitals. Parenteral nutrition and mixed nutritional support were used almost exclusively at the acute hospital.