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The drivers and impacts of Amazon forest degradation.
Lapola, David M; Pinho, Patricia; Barlow, Jos; Aragão, Luiz E O C; Berenguer, Erika; Carmenta, Rachel; Liddy, Hannah M; Seixas, Hugo; Silva, Camila V J; Silva-Junior, Celso H L; Alencar, Ane A C; Anderson, Liana O; Armenteras, Dolors; Brovkin, Victor; Calders, Kim; Chambers, Jeffrey; Chini, Louise; Costa, Marcos H; Faria, Bruno L; Fearnside, Philip M; Ferreira, Joice; Gatti, Luciana; Gutierrez-Velez, Victor Hugo; Han, Zhangang; Hibbard, Kathleen; Koven, Charles; Lawrence, Peter; Pongratz, Julia; Portela, Bruno T T; Rounsevell, Mark; Ruane, Alex C; Schaldach, Rüdiger; da Silva, Sonaira S; von Randow, Celso; Walker, Wayne S.
Affiliation
  • Lapola DM; Laboratório de Ciência do Sistema Terrestre - LabTerra, Centro de Pesquisas Meteorológicas e Climáticas Aplicadas à Agricultura - CEPAGRI, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
  • Pinho P; Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais da Amazônia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
  • Barlow J; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
  • Aragão LEOC; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
  • Berenguer E; Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
  • Carmenta R; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
  • Liddy HM; Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Seixas H; University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
  • Silva CVJ; Columbia Climate School, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
  • Silva-Junior CHL; NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, USA.
  • Alencar AAC; Laboratório de Ciência do Sistema Terrestre - LabTerra, Centro de Pesquisas Meteorológicas e Climáticas Aplicadas à Agricultura - CEPAGRI, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
  • Anderson LO; Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais da Amazônia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
  • Armenteras D; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
  • Brovkin V; BeZero Carbon Ltd, London, UK.
  • Calders K; Institute of Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Chambers J; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
  • Chini L; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
  • Costa MH; Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais da Amazônia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
  • Faria BL; Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
  • Fearnside PM; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Ferreira J; Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany.
  • Gatti L; Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology Laboratory, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Belgium.
  • Gutierrez-Velez VH; School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
  • Han Z; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  • Hibbard K; University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
  • Koven C; Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
  • Lawrence P; Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
  • Pongratz J; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
  • Portela BTT; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Belém, PA, Brazil.
  • Rounsevell M; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
  • Ruane AC; Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  • Schaldach R; Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
  • da Silva SS; National Aeronautics and Space Administration Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA.
  • von Randow C; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  • Walker WS; National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA.
Science ; 379(6630): eabp8622, 2023 01 27.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36701452
Approximately 2.5 × 106 square kilometers of the Amazon forest are currently degraded by fire, edge effects, timber extraction, and/or extreme drought, representing 38% of all remaining forests in the region. Carbon emissions from this degradation total up to 0.2 petagrams of carbon per year (Pg C year-1), which is equivalent to, if not greater than, the emissions from Amazon deforestation (0.06 to 0.21 Pg C year-1). Amazon forest degradation can reduce dry-season evapotranspiration by up to 34% and cause as much biodiversity loss as deforestation in human-modified landscapes, generating uneven socioeconomic burdens, mainly to forest dwellers. Projections indicate that degradation will remain a dominant source of carbon emissions independent of deforestation rates. Policies to tackle degradation should be integrated with efforts to curb deforestation and complemented with innovative measures addressing the disturbances that degrade the Amazon forest.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Carbon / Conservation of Natural Resources / Rainforest Country/Region as subject: America do sul / Brasil Language: En Journal: Science Year: 2023 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Country of publication:
Fulltext
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Carbon / Conservation of Natural Resources / Rainforest Country/Region as subject: America do sul / Brasil Language: En Journal: Science Year: 2023 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Country of publication: