Impact of Loneliness and Social Isolation on Mental Health Outcomes Among Individuals With Rheumatic Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
ACR Open Rheumatol
; 5(5): 243-250, 2023 May.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36964954
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
The study objective was to assess mental and social health outcomes for individuals with rheumatic disease during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate the relationship of loneliness and social isolation with depression and anxiety.METHODS:
We administered an international cross-sectional online survey to individuals with rheumatic disease(s) (≥18 years) between April 2020 and September 2020, with a follow-up survey from December 2020 to February 2021. We used questionnaires to evaluate loneliness (3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale [UCLA-3]), social isolation (Lubben Social Network Scale [LSNS-6]), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9]), and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item [GAD-7] Scale). We used multivariable linear regression models to evaluate the cross-sectional associations of loneliness and social isolation with depression and anxiety at baseline.RESULTS:
Seven hundred eighteen individuals (91.4% women, mean age 45.4 ± 14.2 years) participated in the baseline survey, and 344 completed the follow-up survey. Overall, 51.1% of participants experienced loneliness (UCLA-3 score ≥6) and 30.3% experienced social isolation (LSNS-6 score <12) at baseline. Depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10) and anxiety (GAD-7 score ≥10) were experienced by 42.8% and 34.0% of participants at baseline, respectively. Multivariable models showed that experiencing both loneliness and social isolation, in comparison to experiencing neither, was significantly associated with an average 7.27 higher depression score (ß = 7.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.08-8.47) and 5.14 higher anxiety score (ß = 5.14; 95% CI 4.00-6.28).CONCLUSION:
Aside from showing substantial experience of loneliness and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, our survey showed significant associations with depression and anxiety. Patient supports to address social health have potential implications for also supporting mental health.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Aspects:
Determinantes_sociais_saude
Language:
En
Journal:
ACR Open Rheumatol
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: