Lowering glycemic levels via gastrointestinal tract factors: the roles of dietary fiber, polyphenols, and their combination.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
; : 1-37, 2023 Nov 15.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37966135
ABSTRACT
Dietary fiber (DF) and polyphenols (DP) are typical blood sugar-lowering components, and both play distinct yet interconnected roles in exerting their blood sugar-lowering effects. We comprehensively summarized the single and combined effects of DF and DP on blood glucose homeostasis through regulating the relevant factors in the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGT) and lower gastrointestinal tract (LGT). In the UGT, DF slowed down glucose metabolism by enhancing digesta viscosity and hindering enzyme-substrate interaction. DP primarily targeted enzymes and substrates. When combined, DP enhanced the adsorption capacity of DF for glucose. DF weakened DP's inhibitory effect on enzymes. Both DF and DP disrupted glucose intestinal uptake via physical or genomic modulation, but the co-consumption of DF and DP demonstrated a lower inhibitory effect on glucose uptake than DP alone. In the LGT, DF and DP showed synergistic or antagonistic effects on gut microbiota. Remarkably, whole foods exhibited potent prebiotic effects due to their compound-rich matrix, potentially enhancing glucose homeostasis and expanding dietary options for glucose regulation research.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Language:
En
Journal:
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Journal subject:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article