Left ventricular trabeculation in Hominidae: divergence of the human cardiac phenotype.
Commun Biol
; 7(1): 682, 2024 Jun 14.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38877299
ABSTRACT
Although the gross morphology of the heart is conserved across mammals, subtle interspecific variations exist in the cardiac phenotype, which may reflect evolutionary divergence among closely-related species. Here, we compare the left ventricle (LV) across all extant members of the Hominidae taxon, using 2D echocardiography, to gain insight into the evolution of the human heart. We present compelling evidence that the human LV has diverged away from a more trabeculated phenotype present in all other great apes, towards a ventricular wall with proportionally greater compact myocardium, which was corroborated by post-mortem chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) hearts. Speckle-tracking echocardiographic analyses identified a negative curvilinear relationship between the degree of trabeculation and LV systolic twist, revealing lower rotational mechanics in the trabeculated non-human great ape LV. This divergent evolution of the human heart may have facilitated the augmentation of cardiac output to support the metabolic and thermoregulatory demands of the human ecological niche.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Phenotype
/
Hominidae
/
Heart Ventricles
Limits:
Animals
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Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
Commun Biol
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Country of publication: