Consumo de riesgo de alcohol y factores asociados en adolescentes de 15 a 16 años de la Cataluña Central: diferencias entre ámbito rural y urbano / Risky alcohol consumption and associated factors in adolescents aged 15 to 16 years in Central Catalonia (Spain): differences between rural and urban areas

RESUMEN

Objetivo. Conocer la prevalencia y los factores asociados al consumo de riesgo de alcohol entre los jóvenes de la Cataluña Central durante el curso 2011-2012 según el ámbito de residencia. Método. Estudio transversal, con una muestra de 1268 alumnos de 4° curso de ESO de la Cataluña Central. Resultados. El consumo de riesgo de alcohol es superior en los jóvenes que viven en un ámbito rural (59,6% versus 49,8%). Las borracheras de hermanos y amigos, tener expectativas positivas frente al consumo y haber comprado alcohol se asociaron al consumo de riesgo. En el ámbito rural se asociaron la situación familiar de convivencia diferente a la biparental y el bajo nivel académico, y en el ámbito urbano el alto nivel socioeconómico. Conclusiones. El consumo de riesgo de alcohol es muy superior entre los jóvenes del ámbito rural. Los principales factores asociados son los consumos de figuras del entorno familiar y escolar (AU)

ABSTRACT

Objective. To determine the prevalence of risky alcohol consumption and associated risk factors among adolescents living in Central Catalonia (Spain) during the 2011-2012 academic year, depending on their area of residence. Method. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 1268 10th grade students (4 th grade of secondary education) in Central Catalonia. Results. Risky alcohol consumption was higher among adolescents in rural areas than in urban areas (59.6% versus 49.8%). Associated risk factors were drunkenness in siblings and friends, having positive expectations of alcohol consumption, and buying alcohol. Not living with both parents and poorer academic achievement were associated risk factors in rural areas, while higher socioeconomic status was a risk factor in urban areas. Conclusions. Risky alcohol consumption was much higher among adolescents living in rural areas. The main associated factor was alcohol consumption among family and friends (AU)