Sensibilidad y especificidad de la adiposidad abdominal con el síndrome metabólico en ancianos / Sensitivity and specificity of abdominal adiposity with metabolic syndrome in the elderly

RESUMEN

Objetivo. Se ha reconocido que la adiposidad abdominal está asociada a factores de riesgo cardiovascular, intolerancia a la glucosa, hipertensión y dislipidemia. El objetivo ha sido evaluar la relación de la grasa de tronco y del índice de grasa visceral, con el síndrome metabólico (SM) en sujetos ancianos. Métodos. Participaron, 208 sujetos (130 mujeres y 78 varones) con una edad media de 82,5 años. Se tomaron medidas de obesidad abdominal por antropometría y bioimpedancia. Se realizaron curvas ROC para evaluar la capacidad diagnóstica con respecto al SM. Resultados. Existen diferencias entre sexos en el índice de masa corporal, índice cintura cadera, perímetro abdominal, grasa de tronco y grasa visceral (p<0,05). También se encuentran diferencias de los parámetros antropométricos y de bioimpedancia entre sujetos con y sin SM (p<0,05) y solo existen diferencias en la glucosa, los triglicéridos y colesterol HDL (p<0,05). Se encuentran correlaciones significativas entre la mayor parte de medidas antropométricas y de bioimpedancia abdominal (p<0,05). Las áreas bajo la curva (ABC) del índice cintura altura, perímetro abdominal, diámetro sagital abdominal y grasa de tronco son mayores a 0,8 (todas, p< 0,01) y en mujeres no superan valores de 0,65. Los puntos de corte obtenidos son 26,81 y 23,53kg/m2 para índice de masa corporal, 102 y 91cm para el perímetro abdominal, 22,1 y 20,7cm de diámetro sagital abdominal, 34 y 43,7% de grasa de tronco y 17 y 11,5 de índice de grasa visceral en hombres y mujeres respectivamente. Conclusiones. Existen diferentes niveles de capacidad predictiva del SM, según el género. La grasa de tronco y el índice de grasa visceral presentan una mayor capacidad predictiva del SM en hombres que en mujeres (AU)

ABSTRACT

Objectives. It is recognised that abdominal adiposity is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, such as intolerance to glucose, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. The objective of the present study was to assess the relationship of trunk fat and visceral fat index, obtained by anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance, with metabolic syndrome (SM) in an elderly population. Methods. The study included 208 subjects (78 men and 130 women) with a mean age of 82.5 years. Abdominal obesity was assessed by anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance. ROC curves were calculated in order to assess the ability of these variables to diagnose metabolic syndrome. Results. There are differences between men and women in body mass index, waist to height ratio, waist circumference, and bioelectrical impedance measurements as trunk fat and visceral fat (p<.05). Also, found differences in anthropometric indices and variables and abdominal bioelectrical impedance between subjects with and without SM (p<.05) and only exist differences in blood glucose, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol (p<.05). There are significant correlations between anthropometric variables and abdominal bioelectrical impedance (p<.05). Areas under the curve (AUC) of waist to height index, waist circumference, sagittal abdominal diameter, and trunk fat were greater than 0.8 (all p<.01), and in women did not exceed values of 0.65. The cut-off points obtained for BMI were 26.81 and 23.53kg/m2, 102 and 91cm for waist circumference, 22.1 and 20.7cm for sagittal abdominal diameter, 34% and 43.7% for trunk fat, and 17 and 11.5 for visceral fat ratio in men and women, respectively. Conclusions. There are different levels of predictive ability for metabolic syndrome according to gender. Trunk fat and visceral fat index and anthropometric measures have higher predictive ability for metabolic syndrome in men than in women (AU)