Identificación bacteriana mediante espectrometría de masas matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight. Comparación con la metodología habitual en los laboratorios de Microbiología Clínica / Identifying bacteria using a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer. Comparison with routine methods used in clinical microbiology laboratories

RESUMEN

Introducción Los métodos de identificación bacteriana usados habitualmente en Microbiología Clínica, aunque miniaturizados y automatizados, se siguen basando en principios similares a las pruebas de identificación clásicas. Sin embargo, se van produciendo avances tecnológicos que pueden modificar radicalmente estas metodologías. En el presente estudio se determina la utilidad de la mass spectrometry (MS, ‘espectrometría de masas’) matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) para la identificación bacteriana habitual en el laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica. Métodos Se analizaron 294 aislamientos bacterianos aerobios y anaerobios facultativos (65 grampositivos y 229 gramnegativos) obtenidos a partir de diferentes muestras clínicas mediante metodología microbiológica habitual (Wider, Francisco Soria Melguizo, Madrid, España; Vitek-2, API Staph, API 20 Strep, API Coryne y API NH, BioMérieux, Marcy L’Etoile, Francia) y mediante un dispositivo de MS MALDI-TOF Autoflex III (Bruker Daltonics GmbH, Leipzig, Alemania). Los aislamientos de Salmonella se tipificaron con sueros específicos. Los aislamientos que no ofrecieron una fiabilidad en la identificación superior al 95% en Vitek-2 o Wider se corroboraron mediante API. Los aislamientos en los que los sistemas API no ofrecieron un perfil fiable se descartaron. La identificación mediante MS MALDI-TOF se puntúa automáticamente por el software del sistema de 0–3 en función de su fiabilidad. Los aislamientos con puntuaciones inferiores a 1,5 se consideraron no fiables. La correlación entre ambas (..) (AU)

ABSTRACT

Introduction The methods routinely used for bacterial identification in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, although miniaturized and automated, are still based on the same basic principles as classical identification methods. Nevertheless, technological advances are emerging which could modify these routine methods. We report a comparative study between conventional identification methods and mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF (MS MALDI-TOF) for bacterial identification in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory. Methods We analysed 294 facultative anaerobic and aerobic isolates (65 Gram positives and 229 Gram negatives), obtained from different clinical samples, using conventional microbiological methods (Wider, Fco. Soria Melguizo, Madrid, Spain; Vitek-2, APIStaph, API 20 Strep, API Coryne and API NH, bioMérieux, Marcy L’Etoile, France) and an Autoflex III MS with a MALDI-TOF device (Bruker Daltonics GmbH, Leipzig, Germany). Salmonella isolates were also typed by using specific sera. Isolates identified with a confidence rate <95% were checked by using API systems. Isolates which were not accurately identified by API systems were rejected. MS MALDI-TOF identification is automatically scored by the system software between 1 and 3 points. Isolates with scores <1.5 were classified as unreliable. Correlation between both identifications was classified as correlation at the species level, at the genus level or no correlation. Results Correlation at the species level in Gram positives was 100%. Correlation in Gram negatives was 87.7% at the species level and 97.7% at the genus level. There was no correlation in 2.2% of Gram negatives studied. Identification failures occurred in the genera (..) (AU)