Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Soporte respiratorio muscular para evitar el fallo respiratorio y la traqueotomía: ventilación no invasiva y técnicas de tos asistida / Respiratory muscle aids to prevent respiratory failure and tracheotomy: Noninvasive mechanical ventilation and mechanically assisted coughing
Bach, John R; Bravo Quiroga, Lara.
Affiliation
  • Bach, John R; Hospital Universitario. Centro de Alternativas de Manejo Ventilatorio. Departamento de Neurociencia. New Jersey. US
  • Bravo Quiroga, Lara; Hospital Universitario La Paz. Departamento de Neumología. Madrid. ES
Rev. am. med. respir ; 13(2): 71-83, jun. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-694818
Responsible library: AR423.1
RESUMEN
El propósito de este artículo es describir el uso de técnicas de soporte respiratorio muscular no invasivo con el fin de prevenir la insuficiencia respiratoria y el fallo ventilatorio, permitiendo la extubación y decanulación de pacientes considerados "imposibles de destetar''. La aplicación de presión en la vía aérea de forma no invasiva durante la inspiración puede proporcionar un soporte ventilatorio continuo en pacientes con poca o inexistente capacidad vital. Así mismo, podrá alcanzarse un pico flujo espiratorio efectivo en pacientes con una disfunción severa de los músculos espiratorios. En abril de 2010 un consenso clínico de 19 centros en 18 países describió 1623 pacientes neuromusculares con atrofia muscular espinal tipo 1, distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD) y esclerosis lateral amiotrófica que sobrevivieron utilizando soporte ventilatorio continuo sin necesidad de traqueotomía. De esta serie de pacientes, 76 (47%) precisaron ventilación no invasiva continua en un periodo de seguimiento de 15 años. De estos 76.22 (30.1%) de los enfermos fueron extubados y 35 (4.6%) decanulados en cuatro centros especializados. En estos centros se extuban rutinariamente pacientes con distrofia muscular de Duchenne considerados "imposibles de destetar", de forma que ninguno de sus más de 250 enfermos ha requerido traqueotomía. Esta aproximación en el tratamiento se está abriendo camino en varios centros de España, México y América45.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this article is to describe the use of noninvasive inspiratory and expiratory muscle aids to prevent ventilatory insufficiency and failure, and to permit the extubation and tracheostomy tube decannulation in "unweanable" patients. Noninvasive airway pressure aids can provide a continuous support to respiratory ventilation for patients with little or no vital capacity and can provide effective cough flows in patients with severely dysfunctional expiratory muscles. In April 2010, a consensus of clinicians from 19 centers in 18 countries reported the experience of noninvasive ventilation in 1623 patients with spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), who survived without tracheotomy. The survival was for more than 15 years in 76 patients. Among these 76 patients, 22 (30.1%) were extubated and 35 (4.6%) were decannulated in four specialized centers. In these centers, unweanable DMD patients are routinely extubated; none of over 250 such patients has undergone tracheotomy. This approach is now being introduced into different centers in Spain, Mexico and the United States.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health / Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases / Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases Database: LILACS Main subject: Respiration, Artificial / Tracheotomy / Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. am. med. respir Journal subject: Medicine / Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2013 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Spain / United States Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Universitario La Paz/ES / Hospital Universitario/US
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health / Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases / Target 3.4: Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases Database: LILACS Main subject: Respiration, Artificial / Tracheotomy / Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. am. med. respir Journal subject: Medicine / Pulmonary Disease (Specialty) Year: 2013 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Spain / United States Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Universitario La Paz/ES / Hospital Universitario/US
...