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Chagas disease: control, elimination and eradication. Is it possible?
Coura, Jose Rodrigues.
Afiliação
  • Coura, Jose Rodrigues; Fiocruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratorio de Doencas Parasitarias. Rio de Janeiro. BR
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 108(8): 962-967, 6/dez. 2013. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-697139
Biblioteca responsável: BR1.1
ABSTRACT
From an epidemiological point of view, Chagas disease and its reservoirs and vectors can present the following characteristics (i) enzooty, maintained by wild animals and vectors, with broad occurrence from southern United States of America (USA) to southern Argentina and Chile (42ºN 49ºS), (ii) anthropozoonosis, when man invades the wild ecotope and becomes infected with Trypanosoma cruzi from wild animals or vectors or when the vectors and wild animals, especially marsupials, invade the human domicile and infect man, (iii) zoonosis-amphixenosis and exchanged infection between animals and humans by domestic vectors in endemic areas and (iv) zooanthroponosis, infection that is transmitted from man to animals, by means of domestic vectors, which is the rarest situation in areas endemic for Chagas disease. The characteristics of Chagas disease as an enzooty of wild animals and as an anthropozoonosis are seen most frequently in the Brazilian Amazon and in the Pan-Amazon region as a whole, where there are 33 species of six genera of wild animals Marsupialia, Chiroptera, Rodentia, Edentata (Xenarthra), Carnivora and Primata and 27 species of triatomines, most of which infected with T. cruzi . These conditions place the resident populations of this area or its visitors - tourists, hunters, fishermen and especially the people whose livelihood involves plant extraction - at risk of being affected by Chagas disease. On the other hand, there has been an exponential increase in the acute cases of Chagas disease in that region through oral transmission of T. cruzi , causing outbreaks of the disease. In four seroepidemiological surveys that were carried out in areas of the microregion of the Negro River, state of Amazonas, in 1991, 1993, 1997 and 2010, we found large numbers of people who were serologically positive for T. cruzi infection. The majority of them and/or their relatives worked in piassava extraction and had come into contact with and were stung by wild triatomines in that area. Finally, a characteristic that is greatly in evidence currently is the migration of people with Chagas disease from endemic areas of Latin America to non-endemic countries. This has created a new dilemma for these countries the risk of transmission through blood transfusion and the onus of controlling donors and treating migrants with the disease. As an enzooty of wild animals and vectors, and as an anthropozoonosis, Chagas disease cannot be eradicated, but it must be controlled by transmission elimination to man.
Assuntos


Texto completo: Disponível Coleções: Bases de dados internacionais Contexto em Saúde: Agenda de Saúde Sustentável para as Américas / ODS3 - Saúde e Bem-Estar / Doenças Negligenciadas / ODS3 - Meta 3.3 Acabar com as doenças tropicais negligenciadas e combater as doenças transmissíveis Problema de saúde: Objetivo 10: Doenças transmissíveis / Meta 3.3: Acabar com as doenças tropicais negligenciadas e combater as doenças transmissíveis / Doença de Chagas / Doenças Negligenciadas / Doença de Chagas Base de dados: LILACS Assunto principal: Reservatórios de Doenças / Controle de Insetos / Doença de Chagas / Insetos Vetores Tipo de estudo: Revisão sistemática Limite: Animais / Humanos Idioma: Inglês Revista: Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz Assunto da revista: Medicina Tropical / Parasitologia Ano de publicação: 2013 Tipo de documento: Artigo / Documento de projeto País de afiliação: Brasil Instituição/País de afiliação: Fiocruz/BR

Texto completo: Disponível Coleções: Bases de dados internacionais Contexto em Saúde: Agenda de Saúde Sustentável para as Américas / ODS3 - Saúde e Bem-Estar / Doenças Negligenciadas / ODS3 - Meta 3.3 Acabar com as doenças tropicais negligenciadas e combater as doenças transmissíveis Problema de saúde: Objetivo 10: Doenças transmissíveis / Meta 3.3: Acabar com as doenças tropicais negligenciadas e combater as doenças transmissíveis / Doença de Chagas / Doenças Negligenciadas / Doença de Chagas Base de dados: LILACS Assunto principal: Reservatórios de Doenças / Controle de Insetos / Doença de Chagas / Insetos Vetores Tipo de estudo: Revisão sistemática Limite: Animais / Humanos Idioma: Inglês Revista: Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz Assunto da revista: Medicina Tropical / Parasitologia Ano de publicação: 2013 Tipo de documento: Artigo / Documento de projeto País de afiliação: Brasil Instituição/País de afiliação: Fiocruz/BR
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