Associação de Diabetes Mellitus com transtornos alimentares / Association of Diabetes Mellitus with eating disorders

RESUMO

O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar na literatura a associa��o do Diabetes Mellitus com os transtornos alimentares, bem como a influ�ncia desses transtornos sobre o controle metab�lico de pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus. Realizaram-se consultas aos bancos de dados Biblioteca Regional de Medicina ? Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informa��o em Ci�ncias da Sa�de; National Library of Medicine, Estados Unidos, e Scientific Electronic Library Online, publicados on-line entre 1992 e 2013, bem como trabalhos acad�micos e livros-texto. A maioria dos estudos revelou que a omiss�o/redu��o de insulina e o transtorno alimentar no Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 estiveram relacionados ao deficiente controle metab�lico, enquanto que a compuls�o alimentar no Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (com sobrepeso ou obesidade) parece ter rela��o com preju�zo na sa�de f�sica. H� v�rios relatos de que o Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 associado ao transtorno da compuls�o alimentar peri�dica n�o influencia os resultados da Hemoglobina A Glicosilada. Al�m disso, h� evid�ncias de maior incid�ncia de depress�o entre os pacientes diab�ticos, fato que parece estar vinculado a altera��es no curso cl�nico da doen�a. Deve-se investigar a presen�a de comorbidades, como o transtorno alimentar no paciente com Diabetes Mellitus, visto que, juntos, os dist�rbios representam um problema no tratamento deste grupo de pacientes, tornando necess�rio um olhar atento na preserva��o do controle metab�lico adequado e na manuten��o da qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to review in the literature the association between diabetes and eating disorders, as well as the influence of this disorders on the metabolic control of patients with diabetes mellitus. There were queries to Regional Library of Medicine - The Latin American and Caribbean Center of information on Health Sciences, National Library of Medicine, United States and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases published on-line between 1992 and 2013 as well as theses and textbooks. Most studies have showed that the omission / reduction of insulin and eating disorders in type 1 diabetes were related to poor metabolic control, while binge eating in type 2 diabetes (with overweight or obesity) appears to be related to impaired physical health. There are several reports in which the type 2 diabetes associated with binge eating disorder have no influence on the results of Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated. Moreover, there is evidence of higher incidence of depression among diabetic patients, a fact that seems to be linked to changes in the clinical course of disease. The presence of comorbidities should be investigated such as eating disorders in Diabetes Mellitus patient, because together, disorders represent a problem in treating this group of patients, requiring a close eye on the preservation of adequate metabolic control and maintenance of quality of life of patients.