Tejido adiposo como órgano endocrino / Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ

ABSTRACT

Obesity is a condition in which there is excessive accumulation of subcutaneous and abdominal adipose tissue. This adipose tissue is no longer considered inert and dedicated solely to energy storage. For more than a decade is considered in an active tissue in the regulation of physiological and pathological processes, including immunity and inflammation. Adipose tissue produces and releases a variety of adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin) and cytokine pro - and anti -inflammatory (TNF - alpha 945;, IL-4, IL-6, etc.). Adipose tissue is also implicated in the development of chronic metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Obesity is therefore an under lying condition for the appearance of inflammatory and metabolic diseases. These adipokines, behave, according to each physiological state, such as a metabolic disrupter. The environment (diet and sedentary lifestyle) have significantly changed the constitution of this adipose tissue, so that patterns of good nutrition and lifestyle play a critical role in the growth of the adipose tissue...