Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies.
Proc Nutr Soc
; 75(4): 475-486, 2016 11.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27327128
ABSTRACT
Studying irregular meal patterns fits in with the latest research focusing not only on what people eat but also when they eat, also called chrono-nutrition. Chrono-nutrition involves studying the impact of nutrition on metabolism via circadian patterns, including three aspects of time (ir)regularity, frequency and clock time. The present paper aimed to narratively review research on irregular meal patterns and cardiometabolic consequences. Only few cross-sectional studies and prospective cohort studies were identified, and most of these suggested that eating meals irregularly is associated with a higher risk of the metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic risk factors, including BMI and blood pressure. This was supported by two randomised controlled intervention studies showing that consuming meals regularly for 2 weeks v. an irregular meal pattern, led to beneficial impact on cardiometabolic risk factors as lower peak insulin, lower fasting total and LDL-cholesterol, both in lean and obese women. In conclusion, the limited evidence on meal regularity and cardiometabolic consequences supports the hypothesis that consuming meals irregularly is adversely associated with cardiometabolic risk. However, it also highlights the need for more large-scale studies, including detailed dietary assessment to further advance the understanding of the impact of chrono-nutrition on public health.
Palavras-chave
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pressão Sanguínea
/
Ingestão de Energia
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Doenças Cardiovasculares
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Índice de Massa Corporal
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Ritmo Circadiano
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Síndrome Metabólica
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Comportamento Alimentar
/
Refeições
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Female
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Proc Nutr Soc
Ano de publicação:
2016
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Holanda
País de publicação:
ENGLAND
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ESCOCIA
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GB
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GREAT BRITAIN
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INGLATERRA
/
REINO UNIDO
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SCOTLAND
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UK
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UNITED KINGDOM