Foliar spray of commercial seaweed and amino acid-derived biostimulants promoted phytoremediation potential and salinity stress tolerance in halophytic grass, Puccinellia distans.

We report for the first time that foliar spray of two commercially biostimulants (Algabon^® and Bonamid^®) could improve growth and phytoremediation potential of halophytic grass, Pucccinellia distans under the subsequent salinity stress. We also illustrated the impact of biostimulants on the mechanisms behind the improvement in tolerance of P. distans to the following salinity in regard to K⁺/Na⁺ ratio, protein and N contents, antioxidant capacity, osmoprotectant compounds, and the upregulation of Na⁺/H⁺ antiporters located in plasma membranes and vacuoles.