Sequential CD7 CAR T-Cell Therapy and Allogeneic HSCT without GVHD Prophylaxis.
N Engl J Med
; 390(16): 1467-1480, 2024 Apr 25.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38657244
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Patients with relapsed or refractory hematologic cancers have a poor prognosis. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy as a bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) has the potential for long-term tumor elimination. However, pre-HSCT myeloablation and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis agents have toxic effects and could eradicate residual CAR T cells and compromise antitumor effects. Whether the integration of CAR T-cell therapy and allogeneic HSCT can preserve CAR T-cell function and improve tumor control is unclear.METHODS:
We tested a novel "all-in-one" strategy consisting of sequential CD7 CAR T-cell therapy and haploidentical HSCT in 10 patients with relapsed or refractory CD7-positive leukemia or lymphoma. After CAR T-cell therapy led to complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery, patients received haploidentical HSCT without pharmacologic myeloablation or GVHD prophylaxis drugs. Toxic effects and efficacy were closely monitored.RESULTS:
After CAR T-cell therapy, all 10 patients had complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery and grade 4 pancytopenia. After haploidentical HSCT, 1 patient died on day 13 of septic shock and encephalitis, 8 patients had full donor chimerism, and 1 patient had autologous hematopoiesis. Three patients had grade 2 HSCT-associated acute GVHD. The median follow-up was 15.1 months (range, 3.1 to 24.0) after CAR T-cell therapy. Six patients remained in minimal residual disease-negative complete remission, 2 had a relapse of CD7-negative leukemia, and 1 died of septic shock at 3.7 months. The estimated 1-year overall survival was 68% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43 to 100), and the estimated 1-year disease-free survival was 54% (95% CI, 29 to 100).CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings suggest that sequential CD7 CAR T-cell therapy and haploidentical HSCT is safe and effective, with remission and serious but reversible adverse events. This strategy offers a feasible approach for patients with CD7-positive tumors who are ineligible for conventional allogeneic HSCT. (Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Key Project of Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT04599556 and NCT04538599.).
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Leucemia
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Imunoterapia Adotiva
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Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas
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Receptores de Antígenos Quiméricos
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Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro
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Linfoma
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
N Engl J Med
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de publicação:
Estados Unidos