Current use of antibiotics in opthalmology

ABSTRACT

The use of antibiotics in opthmalmology is based on the information from sensitivity studies derived from the ocular microbiology laboratory and results of clinical studies. Because of systemic use of antibiotics, bacteria develop mechanisms of resistance over time. The organisms considered pathogens evolve to become less frequent, and unusual organisms become the primary culprit. We have found an increasing trend of gram positive organisms such as Staphylococci and a decreasing incidence of gram negatives. As the same time, the antibiotic sensitivity profile has changed. The fluoroquinolones have been the antibiotic of choice for the last decade. Current laboratory data show a decreasing sensitivity profile. Clinical data are beginning to emerge that mirror this information. Data show that aminoglycosides, penicillins and other antibiotics such as vancomycin and chloramphenicol may be more appropriate. New antibiotics such as the oxazliodones and new generation quinolones may soon become the antibiotics of choice. (AU)