A systematic literature review of leptospirosis outbreaks worldwide, 1970–2012
Rev Panam Salud Publica
; 44, jul. 2020
Artigo
em Inglês
| PAHO-IRIS
| ID: phr-52466
Biblioteca responsável:
US1.1
ABSTRACT
[ABSTRACT]. Objective. This review describes the geographic and temporal distribution of, detection methods for, and other epidemiological features of published leptospirosis outbreaks, with the aim of informing efforts to standardize outbreak-reporting practices. Methods. We conducted a systematic review of leptospirosis outbreaks reported in the scientific literature and ProMED during 1970–2012. Predefined criteria were used to identify and classify outbreaks and a standard form was used to extract information. Results. During 1970–2012, we identified 318 outbreaks (average 7 outbreaks/year; range 1–19). Most outbreaks were reported in the Latin America and the Caribbean region (36%), followed by Southern Asia (13%), and North America (11%). Most outbreaks were located in tropical and subtropical ecoregions (55%). Quality classification showed that there was clear description of laboratory-confirmed cases in 40% of outbreaks. Among those, the average outbreak size was 82 cases overall (range 2–2 259) but reached 253 cases in tropical/subtropical ecoregions. Common risk factors included outdoor work activities (25%), exposure to floodwaters (23%), and recreational exposure to water (22%). Epidemiologic investigation was conducted in 80% of outbreaks, mainly as case interviews. Case fatality was 5% overall (range 0%–60%). Conclusions. Outbreak reporting increased over the study period with outbreaks covering tropical and non-tropical regions. Outbreaks varied by size, setting, and risk factors; however, data reviewed often had limited information regarding diagnosis and epidemiology. Guidelines are recommended to develop standardized procedures for diagnostic and epidemiological investigations during an outbreak and for reporting.
Texto completo:
Disponível
Coleções:
Bases de dados de organismos internacionais
Contexto em Saúde:
Agenda de Saúde Sustentável para as Américas
Problema de saúde:
Objetivo 8: Surtos, emergências e desastres
Base de dados:
PAHO-IRIS
Assunto principal:
Zoonoses
/
Surtos de Doenças
/
Vigilância em Saúde Pública
/
Leptospira
/
Leptospirose
Tipo de estudo:
Guia de prática clínica
/
Estudo prognóstico
/
Pesquisa qualitativa
/
Fatores de risco
/
Revisão sistemática
Idioma:
Inglês
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Artigo