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Immune responses following 3rd and 4th doses of heterologous and homologous COVID-19 vaccines in kidney transplant recipients
Tina Thomson; Maria Prendecki; Sarah Gleeson; Paul Martin; Katrina J Spensley; Rute Cardoso De Aguiar; Bynvant Sandhu; Charlotte Seneschall; Jaslyn Gan; Candice L Clarke; Shanice Lewis; Graham Pickard; David Thomas; Stephen P McAdoo; Liz Lightstone; Alison Cox; Peter Kelleher; Michelle Willicombe.
Afiliação
  • Tina Thomson; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Maria Prendecki; Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London
  • Sarah Gleeson; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Paul Martin; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Katrina J Spensley; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Rute Cardoso De Aguiar; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Bynvant Sandhu; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Charlotte Seneschall; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Jaslyn Gan; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
  • Candice L Clarke; Imperial College London
  • Shanice Lewis; Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London
  • Graham Pickard; Department of Infection and Immunity Sciences Northwest London Pathology NHS Trust
  • David Thomas; Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London
  • Stephen P McAdoo; Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London
  • Liz Lightstone; Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London
  • Alison Cox; Department of Infection and Immunity Sciences Northwest London Pathology NHS Trust
  • Peter Kelleher; Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London
  • Michelle Willicombe; Imperial College London
Preprint em Inglês | medRxiv | ID: ppmedrxiv-22274396
ABSTRACT
BackgroundSolid organ transplant recipients have attenuated immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. In this study, we report on immune responses to 3rd- (V3) and 4th- (V4) doses of heterologous and homologous vaccines in a kidney transplant population. Methods724 kidney transplant recipients were prospectively screened for serological responses following 3 primary doses of a SARS-CoV2 vaccine. 322 patients were sampled post-V4 for anti-spike (anti-S), with 69 undergoing assessment of SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses. All vaccine doses were received post-transplant, only mRNA vaccines were used for V3 and V4 dosing. All participants had serological testing performed post-V2 and at least once prior to their 1st dose of vaccine. Results586/724 (80.9%) patients were infection-naive post-V3; 141/2586 (24.1%) remained seronegative at 31 (21-51) days post-V3. Timing of vaccination in relation to transplantation, OR 0.28 (0.15-0.54), p=0.0001; immunosuppression burden, OR 0.22 (0.13-0.37), p<0.0001, and a diagnosis of diabetes, OR 0.49 (0.32-0.75), p=0.001, remained independent risk factors for non-seroconversion. Seropositive patients post-V3 had greater anti-S if primed with BNT162b2 compared with ChAdOx1, p=0.001. Post-V4, 45/239 (18.8%) infection-naive patients remained seronegative. De novo seroconversion post-V4 occurred in 15/60 (25.0%) patients who were seronegative post-V3. There was no difference in anti-S post-V4 by vaccine combination, p=0.50. Anti-S post-V4 were sequentially greater in those seroconverting post V2- compared with V3-, and V3- compared with V4-, at 1561 (567-5211), 379 (101-851) and 19 (9.7-48) BAU/ml respectively. T-cell responses were poor, with only 11/54 (20.4%) infection-naive patients having detectable T-cell responses post-V4, with no difference seen by vaccine type. ConclusionA significant proportion of transplant recipients remain seronegative following 3- and 4- doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, with poor T-cell responses, and are likely to have inadequate protection against infection.
Licença
cc_by_nc_nd
Texto completo: Disponível Coleções: Preprints Base de dados: medRxiv Tipo de estudo: Estudo prognóstico Idioma: Inglês Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Preprint
Texto completo: Disponível Coleções: Preprints Base de dados: medRxiv Tipo de estudo: Estudo prognóstico Idioma: Inglês Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Preprint
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