The Effects of CYP2E1 and CYP2C19 Polymorphisms on the Susceptibility for Gastric Cancer

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The gastric cancer is a common malignancy worldwide. Developing a screening test for gastric cancer is important because early-stage gastric cancer has a good prognosis. So, we investigated the effect of the CYP2E1 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms on the susceptibility for gastric cancer. METHODS: We studied 92 patients who were diagnosed with gastric cancer at Hospital and 80 patients who were admitted during the same period. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for the 96-bp insertion polymorphism of CYP2E1 and the poor metabolizer of CYP2C19. The expressions of CYP2E1 and CYP2C19 in case and control groups were compared by Student's t-test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The distribution of the CYP2E1 96-bp insertion polymorphism was 61 (66.3%), 28 (30.4%) and 3 (3.3%) for insert 0, insert 1 and insert 2 in the study group, respectively, and 61 (76.3%), 18 (22.5%) and 1 (1.3%) in control group, respectively. The distribution of the CYP2C19 poor metabolizer was 12 (13.0%) and 5 (5.4%) for CYP2C19*2/*2 and CYP2C19*2/*3 in the study group, respectively, and 3 (3.7%), 1 (1.3%) and 7 (8.8%) for CYP2C19*2/*2, CYP2C19*3/*3 and CYP2C19*2/*3 in control group, respectively. The ORs for CYP polymorphisms on stomach cancer were 1.2 (95% CI 0.8~3.2) in the CYP2E1 96-bp insert group and 1.4 (95% CI 0.6~3.2) in the CYP2C19 PM. For the patients younger than 50 years, the OR of the CYP2C19 poor metabolizer for stomach cancer was much higher than, but there was the limitation that the age and gender distribution in the 2 groups did not match (P=0.004). CONCLUSION: We noted that there was no significant correlation between the CYP2E1 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms and the gastric cancer group. Yet there was a tendency for the higher incidence of CYP2E1 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms in the gastric cancer group. Further well designed studies will be needed to conclude the effects of CYP2E1 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms on stomach cancer.