Mechanisms of heterogeneous electrophysiology in heart and the relation to electropharmacology and toxicology / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

ABSTRACT

It is believed that cardiac electrophysiological properties are not homogeneous, and the heterogeneity exists between pacemaker and conduction cells, atrial and ventricular cells, and among endocardium, midmyocardium, and epicardium of the transmural ventricular wall. The heterogeneous electrophysiology is related to the differential distribution and expression of transmembrane ionic channels. The present review involves literatures regarding the intrinsic biological basis of cardiac heterogeneous electrophysiology.