Association obesity and periodontal disease - Using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016-2018 / 대한구강보건학회지

ABSTRACT

Objectives@#This study aimed to confirm the correlation between BMI and the prevalence of periodontal disease in adults, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey. @*Methods@#The data included general characteristics and oral examination results of individuals surveyed in the 7th National Health and Nutrition Survey (2016-2018). Among the variables examined, age, gender, education, income, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking/drinking, oral examination, and brushing habits were considered as the general characteristics of the study participants. Individuals with more than 4 mm depth of the periodontal pocket were defined as having periodontal disease. BMI was classified into underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m2 ) and normal (18.5 kg/m2 persons who completed the health survey, 11,269 were analyzed, excluding those aged below 19 and individuals with missing values. @*Results@#The prevalence of periodontal disease was higher among men, those who were older, came from a lower socioeconomic background, were obese, and had hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia (P<0.0001). The prevalence of periodontal disease was 1.26 times (95% CI 1.12-1.40) higher among the obese compared to individuals with a normal BMI, with the incidence being 1.28 times (95% CI 1.03-1.43) and 1.21 times (95% CI 1.10-1.49) higher in women and men, respectively. Additionally, the prevalence of periodontal disease was 1.35 times (95% CI 1.14-1.59) higher among those who were obese than those with normal BMI in individuals above 60 years. @*Conclusions@#Even among the obese, the incidence of periodontal disease differs according to gender and age. Therefore, it is imperative to implement an appropriate oral care program taking the aforementioned characteristics into account. .