Effects of low-calorie diet intervention and aerobic exercise intervention on insulin levels and body composition in obese patients with type 2 diabetes

Mei SI; Huiqin WANG; Yunbo HUANG

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To explore the effects of low-calorie diet intervention and aerobic exercise intervention on insulin levels and body composition in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods:

A total of 300 obese patients with early type 2 diabetes who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Endocrinology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from July 2016 to July 2019 were selected as the research objects. According to the random sampling method, they were divided into a control group and an observation group with 150 cases each. Calorie diet intervention was given to control group, while the observation group was given low-calorie diet intervention and concentrated aerobic exercise intervention. Observation and evaluation of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, body weight, triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were conducted.

Results:

After 4 weeks of intervention, FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR, BMI, body fat percentage, body mass, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C indicators of the observation group were (6.15±0.92) mmol/L and (14.12±1.11) mU/L, 2.67±0.32, (25.01±1.75) kg/m 2, (27.45±1.92)%, (70.01±3.56) kg, (3.01±0.30) mmol/L, (5.25±0.88) mmol/L, (2.25 ±0.42) mmol/L, (3.15±0.41) mmol/L. The control group were (8.18±1.28) mmol/L, (16.78±1.85) mU/L, 3.78±0.78, (27.36±2.45) kg/m 2, (29.78±2.39)%, (72.98±5.62) kg, (3.49±0.52) mmol/L, (6.23±1.08) mmol/L, (1.88±0.30) mmol/L, (3.98±0.89)mmol/L. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t values were 5.47-16.13, all P<0.05). After 8 weeks of intervention, FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR, BMI, body fat percentage, body mass, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C indicators of the observation were (5.06±0.45) mmol/L, (12.78±0.69) mU/L, 2.01±0.12, (23.25±1.18) kg/m 2, (25.05±1.19)%, (66.02±2.45) kg, (2.21±0.12) mmol/L, (4.03±0.41) mmol/L, (3.08 ±0.72) mmol/L, (2.65±0.15) mmol/L,while in the control group were (6.07±0.88) mmol/L, (14.09±1.05) mU/L, 2.95±0.45, (26.98±2.08) kg/m2, (27.18±2.06)%, (70.98±4.02) kg, (2.98±0.28) mmol/L, (5.16±0.71) mmol/L, (2.41±0.51) mmol/L, (3.29±0.39) mmol/L. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t values were 5.47-30.96, all P<0.05).

Conclusions:

Low-calorie diet intervention combined with concentrated aerobic exercise intervention is more conducive to improving patients′ blood sugar and blood lipid levels, as well as reducing body weight.