The impact of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate on oral health-related quality of life

Abstract Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL±P) compromises oral health, leading to missing or malformed teeth, and hampering oral hygiene. Apart from anatomic damages, NSCL±P also culminates in an impact on the routine quality of life with social privation and psychological embarrassment. Objective To evaluate the impact of NSCL±P on oral health-related quality of life. Material and Methods The study was classified as exploratory and descriptive, with quantitative approach. Patients with NSCL±P treated between August 2013 and September 2014 at the Cleft Lip and Palate Integral Care Center (CAIF), Curitiba, Brazil, were invited to participate. Age and sex-related data were collected, as well as level of education, financial income, type of orofacial cleft, use of orthodontic and prosthetic appliances, and number of previous orofacial surgeries. Selected patients were asked to answer the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire designed to measure the impact of oral health on daily performances. Results The sample was composed of 103 (44.59%) women and 128 (55.41%) men, with mean age of 19.74 ± 10.20 (7-65) years. The OIDP values ranged from 1 to 175 in 114 (49.35%) patients (mean: 22.38), whereas 117 patients (50.65%) presented total OIDP value equal to zero. High negative impact of NSCL±P on daily performances was detected when associated with the female sex (p=0.037). Daily performances related to phonetics (OIDP2; 2.63) and aesthetics (OIDP5; 2.48) presented the highest average values when compared to other daily performances, except OIDP6. The main symptoms and reported oral problems comprised the aesthetic dissatisfaction. Conclusions Almost half of the patients evaluated in this study showed negative impact of NSCL±P in the performance of daily activities.

Cytological analysis of epithelial cells in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus / Análise citológica das células epiteliais de adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder condition, which may causes oral mucosa changes in adolescents. The effect of glycemic control on the oral tissues has been scarcely reported as well as the low number of oral mucosal lesions found in this population. The goal of this study is to evaluate cytopathological changes in oral epithelial cells of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and assess the glycemic control. Materials and methods: Oral smears were collected from normal mucosa by exfoliative cytology in 40 healthy adolescents and 40 with DM1. Cell morphology and cellularity were analyzed. Nuclear area (NA) and cytoplasmic area (CA) were measured; nuclear/cytoplasmic area ratio (NA/CA) was calculated. Time elapsed from the diagnosis of diabetes and glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) were recorded. Results: There was no significant difference to NA, CA, NA/CA for both groups and also in relation to HbA1c (P > 0.05). No morphological differences were found among the groups (P > 0.05). There was a predominance of nucleated cells of the superficial layer in smears of both groups. Class I and Class II smears were predominant in both groups. Conclusion: This study revealed that type 1 diabetes mellitus and the glycemic control were unable to induce significant changes on oral epithelial cells in adolescents...

A diabetes mellitus do tipo 1 é uma doença metabólica crônica que pode causar alterações nas células do epitélio da mucosa bucal. O estudo do efeito do controle glicêmico nos tecidos bucais tem sido pouco relatado e o baixo número de lesões da mucosa bucal encontrada nesta população também. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações citológicas nas células epiteliais bucal de adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) e avaliar o controle glicêmico. Materiais e métodos: Esfregaços da mucosa normal foram coleta¬dos por citologia esfoliativa em 40 adolescentes com DM1 e 40 saudáveis. A morfologia celular e a celularidade foram analisadas. A área nuclear (NA) e área do citoplasma (CA) foram medidas, e a relação de área de núcleo/ citoplasma (NA/CA) foi calculada. O tempo decorrido desde o diagnóstico da diabetes e os níveis de hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) foram registrados. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa para NA, CA, NA/CA para ambos os grupos e também em função da HbA1c (P > 0,05). Não foram encontradas diferenças morfológicas entre os grupos (P > 0,05). Houve um predomínio de células nucleadas da camada superficial em esfregaços de ambos os grupos. Esfregaços classe I e classe II foram predominantes em ambos os grupos. Conclusão: Este estudo revelou que o diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e o controle glicêmico não foram capazes de induzir alterações significativas nas células epiteliais da mucosa bucal de adolescentes...