TAC y PET/TC con 18-FDG para evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento en linfoma de Hodgkin y no Hodgkin / CT and PET/CT with 18-FDG to evaluate the response to treatment in Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Resumen Introducción: La evaluación de la respuesta al tratamiento de linfoma se basa en estudios de imagen. Objetivo: Correlacionar la evaluación de la respuesta al tratamiento de linfoma mediante tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) y tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computarizada (PET/TC). Método: Estudio observacional transversal en el que se revisaron expedientes de pacientes con linfoma en vigilancia mediante TAC y PET/TC. Resultados: La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 43 pacientes con edad media de 32.7 ± 22.4 años; 26 (60.5 %) tenían diagnóstico de linfoma de Hodgkin y 17 (9.5 %), de linfoma no Hodgkin. Por TAC se diagnosticaron 34 (79.1 %) con enfermedad y nueve (20.9 %) sin enfermedad. El criterio para evaluar la respuesta fue la experiencia del médico imagenólogo en 39 (90.7 %) y RECIST 1.1 en cuatro (9.3 %). Por PET/TC con 18-FDG se diagnosticó falta de respuesta al tratamiento o respuesta parcial-recurrencia en 32 pacientes (74.4 %) y con respuesta al tratamiento en 11 (25.6 %); con los criterios PERCIST en 13 (30.2 %) y con los de Deuaville en 30 (69.8 %). Al comparar el diagnóstico por TAC contra PET/TC, de 11 pacientes con respuesta total, tres tuvieron diagnóstico tomográfico similar. De los 34 pacientes con datos de enfermedad diagnosticados por tomografía, 26 tuvieron resultados similares por PET/TC con 18-FDG (p = 0.54). Conclusión: El valor de la respuesta al tratamiento por TAC en linfoma no concuerda con el obtenido mediante PET/TC con 18-FDG.

Abstract Introduction: The assessment of lymphoma response to treatment is based on imaging studies. Objective: To correlate the assessment of lymphoma treatment response by computed tomography (CT) and by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Method: Cross-sectional, observational study, where records of patients with lymphoma under surveillance by CT and PET/CT were reviewed. Results: The study population consisted of 43 patients with a mean age of 32.7 ± 22.4 years; 26 (60.5 %) had a diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma and 17 (9.5 %) had non-Hodgkin lymphoma. By CT, 34 (79.1 %) were diagnosed with disease and nine (20.9 %) without disease. The criteria used to assess the response was radiologist experience in 39 (90.7 %) and RECIST 1.1 criteria in four (9.3 %). The diagnosis by 18-FDG PET/CT was no response to treatment or partial response-recurrence in 32 (74.4 %) and response to treatment in 11 (25.6 %); with PERCIST criteria in 13 (30.2 %) and Deuaville criteria in 30 (69.8 %). When the diagnosis by CT versus 18-FDG PET/CT was compared, out of 11 patients with complete response on PET/CT, three had a similar CT diagnosis. Of the 34 patients with data consistent disease diagnosed by CT, 26 had similar results by 18-FDG PET/CT (p = 0.54). Conclusion: The value of lymphoma treatment response on CT does not agree with that obtained by 18-FDG PET/CT.

Síndromes Geriátricos en pacientes de primer nivel de atención médica / Geriatric Syndromes in first level patients

Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia de síndromes geriátricos en una unidad de primer nivel de atención médica. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, prospectivo, transversal, realizado en 376 pacientes de primer nivel de atención. Se utilizaron las escalas de Yesavage y de Katz evaluando depresión y autonomía respectivamente. Para fines de este estudio se interrrogó la presencia de incontinencia urinaria, polifarmacia, trastornos del sueño y estado nutricional. Utilizamos estadística descriptiva. Resultados: 376 pacientes, 219 (58%) femeninos, 157 (42%) masculinos, edad promedio 72.57, mínima: 65, máxima: 95, desviación estándar: ± 7.08. Se observó por lo menos un síndrome en 371 (98.7%) pacientes. La depresión se detectó en 303 (80.9%), la polifarmacia se observó en 282 (75%), en cuanto a los trastornos del sueño se encontraron en 262 (69.7%), las caídas se encontraron en 63 (16.8%), la incontinencia urinaria en 19 (5.1%), en cuanto a la obesidad en 15 (4%) y de la pérdida de la autonomía en 3 (0.8%). Conclusión: El 98.7 % padecen por lo menos un síndrome geriátrico, el género femenino es el más afectado, el síndrome más frecuente es depresión, seguida de polifarmacia, trastorno del sueño, caídas, incontinencia urinaria, obesidad y pérdida de la autonomía (AU)

AIM: to identify the frequency of Geriatric syndromes in a Single First Level Medical Facility. Material and methods: observational, prospective, cross-sectional, study held in 376 patients from First Level Medical Facility. We usedYesavage and Katz scales to evaluate depression and autonomy respectively. For this purpose we interrogate: urinary incontinence, polypharmacy, sleep disturbances and nutritional status. Results: 376 patients, 219 female, 157 male, median age 72, SD 7.08, mínimun 65, maximum 95 years. From the total of patients 303 (80.9%) was in depresion, 282 (75%) with polypharmacy, 262 (69.7%) on sleep disturbances, 63 (16.8%) of the falling down was found it, 19 (5.1%) urinary incontinence, 15 (4%) under obesity, and 3 (0.8%) with loss of the autonomy. conclusions: Geriatric syndrome is presented in more than 90%, female are most affected and depression is the most common syndrome (AU)

Funcionalidad, calidad de vida y grado de dolor en 243 pacientes con lumbalgia crónica degenerativa / FUNCTIONALITY, QUALITY OF LIFE, AND PAIN INTENSITY IN 243 PATIENTS WITH DEGENERATIVE CHRONIC LUMBAR DISEASE

Introducción: La enfermedad degenerativa lumbar ocasiona lumbalgia, es la patología musculo esquelética más frecuente en mayores de 65 años, la segunda causa de las consultas médicas en primer nivel, quinta en admisión en hospitales y tercera de cirugía de columna lumbar que ocasiona incapacidad y limitación de actividades cotidianas. El objetivo es correlacionar la calidad de vida con limitación funcional en pacientes con lumbalgia crónica degenerativa. Metodología: estudio transversal, en 243 adultos mayores con lumbalgia degenerativa, de ambos géneros, mayores de 65 años, con lumbalgia crónica y limitación funcional de actividades cotidianas. Se utilizó Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), Cuestionario de Salud SF-36 y Escala de Incapacidad por Dolor Lumbar de OSWESTRY. La estadística fue descriptiva y correlación Spearman. Resultados: N=273, edad media 77 ± 6.9 años, 63.38% fueron mujeres, 48.97% pensionados, 20.17% analfabetas, 25.10% nivel secundaria, 65.85% casados. En el SF-36: calidad de vida promedio 39.2, con mayor afectación en el dominio de funcionamiento social: media 51.99; OSWESTRY: imitación funcional mínima y moderada en 23.9%, limitación severa a máxima en 76.1%; EVA: 59.3% dolor leve a moderado y 40.7% dolor intenso y con el peor dolor posible; hubo correlación negativa entre SF-36 y OSWESTRY: -.830, p=0.000; tambien correlación negativa entre calidad de vida y grado de dolor: -.798 p<0.0001 y correlación positiva entre limitación funcional y grado de dolor: 0.734 p=0.000. Conclusión: La calidad de vida tiene correlación negativa con limitación funcional y dolor; la correlación entre limitación funcional y dolor es positiva en adultos mayores con lumbalgia crónica

Introduction: Lumbar degenerative disease causes lumbago, is the most common muscleskeletal pathology in patients over 65 yearsold and the second leading cause of medical consultations at first medical level, the fifth in hospital admissions and third of lumbar spine surgery. It causes disability and limitation of daily activities. The objective is to correlate the quality of life with functional limitation in patients with Atraumatic Chronic Lumbago. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 243, older than 65 years old, male and female, with Atraumatic Chronic Lumbago and functional limitation of daily activities. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), SF-36 and Oswestry questionaries were applied. Descriptive and correlation statistics were used. Results: N=273, mean age 77 ± 6.9 years, 63.38% women, 48.97% pensioners, 20.17% illiterate, 25.10% High School level and 65.85% were married. SF-36: 39.2 quality of life average was 39.2, with greater involvement in the social functioning domain: 51.99 media. OSWESTRY: moderate and low functional limitation in 23.9%, severe to maximum limitation in 76.1%; VAS mild to moderate pain in 59.3% and 40.7% severe pain and worst pain possible; there were negative correlation between SF -36 and OSWESTRY -.830, p= 0.000 and between quality of life and degree of pain: -.798 p < 0.0001; correlation between and positive degree of functional limitation and degree of pain was positive: 0.734 p=0.000. Conclusion: Quality of life is negatively correlated with pain and functional limitation; and the correlation between pain and functional limitation is positive in older adults with chronic low back pain

The impact of glucocorticoids and anti-cd20 therapy on cervical human papillomavirus infection risk in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with cervical human papillomavirus infection in women with systemic lupus erythematosus METHODS: This cross-sectional study collected traditional and systemic lupus erythematosus-related disease risk factors, including conventional and biologic therapies. A gynecological evaluation and cervical cytology screen were performed. Human papillomavirus detection and genotyping were undertaken by PCR and linear array assay. RESULTS: A total of 148 patients were included, with a mean age and disease duration of 42.5±11.8 years and 9.7±5.3 years, respectively. The prevalence of squamous intraepithelial lesions was 6.8%. The prevalence of human papillomavirus infection was 29%, with human papillomavirus subtype 59 being the most frequent. Patients with human papillomavirus were younger than those without the infection (38.2±11.2 vs. 44.2±11.5 years, respectively; p = 0.05), and patients with the virus had higher daily prednisone doses (12.8±6.8 vs. 9.7±6.7 mg, respectively; p = 0.01) and cumulative glucocorticoid doses (14.2±9.8 vs. 9.7±7.3 g, respectively; p = 0.005) compared with patients without. Patients with human papillomavirus infection more frequently received rituximab than those without (20.9% vs. 8.5%, respectively; p = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis, only the cumulative glucocorticoid dose was associated with human papillomavirus infection. CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative glucocorticoid dose may increase the risk of human papillomavirus infection. Although rituximab administration was more frequent in patients with human papillomavirus infection, no association was found. Screening for human papillomavirus infection is recommended in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. .

Clinical forms of Trypanosoma cruzi infected individuals in the chronic phase of Chagas disease in Puebla, Mexico

In Mexico, despite the relatively high seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in humans in some areas, reported morbidity of Chagas disease is not clear. We determined clinical stage in 71 individuals seropositive to T. cruzi in the state of Puebla, Mexico, an area endemic for Chagas disease with a reported seroprevalence of 7.7 percent. Diagnosis of Chagas disease was made by two standardized serological tests (ELISA, IHA). Individuals were stratified according to clinical studies. All patients were submitted to EKG, barium swallow, and barium enema. Groups were identified as indeterminate form (IF) asymptomatic individuals without evidence of abnormalities (n = 34 cases); those with gastrointestinal alterations (12 patients) including symptoms of abnormal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and absent peristalsis in the esophageal body, grade I megaesophagus, and/or megacolon; patients with clinical manifestations and documented changes of chronic Chagas heart disease who were subdivided as follows: mild (8 patients) - mild electrocardiographic changes of ventricular repolarization, sinus bradychardia); moderate (6 patients) - left bundle branch block, right bundle branch block associated with left anterior fascicular block); severe (8 patients) - signs of cardiomegaly, dilated cardiomyopathy); and the associated form (3 cases) that included presence of both cardiomyopathy and megaesophagus. These data highlight the importance of accurate evaluation of the prevalence and clinical course of Chagas disease in endemic and non-endemic areas of Mexico.