Cárie Dentária em Pré-Escolares: um Estudo em Áreas Cobertas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família do Recife, PE, Brasil / Dental Caries in Preschoolers: A Study in Areas Assisted by the Family Health Strategy of the city of Recife, PE, Brazil

Objeti vo: Analisar o padrão de distribuição da cárie dentáriaem pré-escolares residentes em áreas assisti das pela EstratégiaSaúde da Família do Recife, Pernambuco, em dois distritossanitários e, estabelecer comparações.Método: Um inquérito epidemiológico de cárie dentária foiconduzido no ano de 2006 em 2020 crianças de 18-36 meses e5 anos de idade cadastradas nas unidades de saúde da famílianos Distritos Sanitários II e IV, Recife/PE. Uti lizou-se o índiceceo-d, segundo padronizações da Organização Mundial deSaúde e do Ministério da Saúde. A amostra foi probabilísti capor conglomerados (famílias) em um estágio. Calculou-sedistribuição de freqüência, testes de comparação de médias(t-Student e ANOVA), de proporções (Qui-quadrado) comnível de signifi cância de 5,0% e fatores de ponderação pararepresentati vidade da amostra. As análises foram produzidaspor distrito e microrregiões.Resultados: Nos dois Distritos as prevalências e médias ceo-dforam elevadas, sendo de 29,7% no total de crianças de 18-36meses e 63,8% aos 5 anos. Entre os Distritos o ceo-d variou de0,99 a 1,15 (18-36 meses) e 3,01 a 3,65 (5 anos). Contudo, asrazões de prevalência não apresentaram diferenças signifi cantesentre distritos e idades. Entre microrregiões, as diferençasna prevalência e severidade ocorreram apenas na idade de 5anos.Conclusão: Os indicadores de cárie uti lizados informama existência de nichos infanti s com piores situações desaúde bucal em áreas pobres de aparente homogeneidadesocioeconômica devendo-se assim reorientar as intervençõescoleti vas e individuais em áreas/microáreas, onde esses índicessão mais elevados...

Objecti ve: To analyze comparati vely the distributi on patt ernof dental caries in preschoolers living in areas assisted by theFamily Health Strategy of the city of Recife, PE, in two sanitarydistricts.Method: An epidemiological survey of dental caries wasconducted in 2006 in 2,020 children aged 18-36 months and5 years enrolled in the Family Health Centers of the SanitaryDistricts II and IV of the city of Recife, PE. The dmft index wasused as recommended by the World Health Organizati onand the Brazilian Ministry of Health. A probabilisti c sampleby conglomerates (families) was used in one stage. It wascalculated frequency distributi on, tests for comparison of themeans (Student's t-test and ANOVA) and proporti ons (chisquare)with 5.0% signifi cance level, and ponderati on factorsfor sample representati veness. The analyses were produced bydistrict and by microregions.Results: In both districts, the prevalence and dmft means werehigh, being 29.7% among children aged 18-36 months and63.8% among those aged 5 years. Comparing the districts, thedmft ranged from 0.99 to 1.15 (18-36 months) and from 3.01to 3.65 (5 years). However, the prevalence rati os did not showsignifi cant diff erences between districts or ages. Comparing themicroregions, the diff erences in caries prevalence and severityoccurred only at the age of 5.Conclusion: The caries indicators used in this study revealedthe existence of niches of children with worse oral healthconditi ons in poor areas with apparent socioeconomichomogeneity, suggesti ng a reorientati on of collecti ve andindividual interventi ons in areas/microareas in which higherindices are observed...

Oral hygiene and periodontal status among Terapanthi Svetambar Jain monks in India

The main objective of the study was to determine the oral hygiene levels and periodontal status among Jain monks attending a Chaturmass in Udaipur, India. To date, no study has been conducted on Jain monks. The study comprises of 180 subjects and the overall response rate was 76 percent among them. Oral hygiene status was assessed by the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) of Greene, Vermillion14 (1964), and periodontal status was assessed by the Community Periodontal Index. Additional information was collected regarding food habits, education level and oral hygiene habits. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi Square Test and Step-wise multiple linear regression analysis were carried out using SPSS Software (11.0). The results showed that the oral hygiene status of Jain monks was poor and only 5.6 percent of the subjects had good oral hygiene. Overall periodontal disease prevalence was 100 percent with bleeding and shallow pocket contributing a major part (72.8 percent) among all the age groups (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that oral hygiene habits, caloric intake and education level explained a variance of 11.7 percent for the Oral hygiene index collectively. The findings confirmed that Jain monks have poor oral hygiene and an increased prevalence of periodontal disease compared to that of the similarly aged general population because, as a part of their religion, many Jain individuals avoid brushing their teeth especially during fasting, keeping in mind not to harm the microorganisms present in the mouth.