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Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(6): 725-732, jun. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-490757

RESUMO

Background: Hepatitis B virus infection generates carriers and 8 percent will evolve to a chronic phase. Aim: To perform a compilation of studies on hepatitis B in Chile and other sources of information to estímate the impact of this disease in our country. Material and methods: Published and unpublished evidence about the infection, in the general population and risk groups in our country, was compiled and reviewed critically. Informal interviews to experts, revisión of the mandatory notification book of the Ministry of Health and collection of data from laboratories that study hepatitis B virus, were also carried out. Results: The seroprevalence of chronic carriers in blood donors is nearly O.3 percent. Among risk groups such as health care personnel, the figure is O.7 percent, among homosexuals 29 percent, among HIV positive patients 30 percent, among sexual workers 2 percent and among children with chronic hemodialysis, 9 percent. Prevalence rate according to notified cases in 2004 was 1.8 x 100,000 habitants. Detection of viral hepatitis B surface antigen in ¡aboratories occurs in 0.2 percent of donors and 1.396 of non donors. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus, the lack of notification, and the introduction of hepatitis B vaccine to our Regular Program of Immunizations, are arguments to develop in Chile a hepatitis B and C surveillance system.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Doença Aguda/epidemiologia , Doadores de Sangue/estatística & dados numéricos , Portador Sadio/virologia , Chile/epidemiologia , Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Antígenos da Hepatite B/sangue , Vírus da Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite B Crônica/epidemiologia , Hepatite B Crônica/imunologia , Hepatite B Crônica/virologia , Hepatite B/imunologia , Hepatite B/virologia , Incidência , Morbidade , Prevalência , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Ativação Viral/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem
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