Impacto da COVID-19 no perfil cirúrgico dos pacientes de cirurgia vascular em serviço de referência em Curitiba / Impact of COVID-19 on the surgical profile of vascular surgery patients at a tertiary hospital in Curitiba, Brazil

Resumo Contexto Na pandemia de covid-19, os serviços de saúde diminuíram os atendimentos e procedimentos eletivos. Pacientes de cirurgia vascular são grupo de risco para adquirir formas graves da infecção, ao mesmo tempo que são suscetíveis a apresentar complicações de suas doenças de base caso não tenham acompanhamento rotineiro. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário entender os impactos e as consequências diretas e indiretas da pandemia com relação aos pacientes vasculares. Objetivos Avaliar o impacto de 1 ano de pandemia em um serviço de Cirurgia Vascular, assim como a mudança do perfil de cirurgias no mesmo período. Métodos Foi feita a análise de prontuários de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias eletivas e de urgência entre 2019 e 2021. Em conjunto, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura com as palavras-chave "cirurgia vascular", "covid-19" e "amputações". Os dados foram analisados com o programa computacional Stata/SE v.14.1 (StataCorpLP, EUA). Resultados Foram identificadas 1.043 cirurgias no período de estudo, sendo 51,6% pré-pandemia e 48,4% durante a pandemia. Observou-se redução no número de cirurgias eletivas e aumento no número de amputações de membros inferiores e desbridamentos cirúrgicos. Foi possível observar também aumento de pacientes com doença arterial obstrutiva periférica com classificação de Rutherford avançada, assim como de casos de pé diabético. Conclusões A diminuição dos atendimentos eletivos e o receio dos pacientes em procurar os serviços de saúde durante o período da pandemia são os prováveis motivos que justificam o aumento da gravidade dos quadros dos pacientes, com maior necessidade de amputação de membros inferiores, desbridamento cirúrgico e mudanças no perfil de cirurgia do serviço.

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare services reduced the number of elective procedures performed. Vascular surgery patients are a group at risk of contracting severe forms of the infection, but are also susceptible to complications of their underlying diseases if they do not receive routine care. It is therefore necessary to understand the direct and indirect impacts and consequences of the pandemic on vascular patients. Objectives To assess the impact of 1 year of the pandemic on a vascular surgery service and changes to the profile of surgeries during the same period. Methods An analysis was conducted of the medical records of patients who underwent elective and emergency surgery from 2019 to 2021. A review of the literature was also conducted, using the search terms "vascular surgery", "COVID-19", and "amputations". Data were analyzed with Stata/SE v.14.1 (StataCorpLP, United States). Results A total of 1,043 surgeries were identified during the study period, 51.6% conducted pre-pandemic and 48.4% performed during the pandemic. There was a reduction in the number of elective surgeries and an increase in the number of lower limb amputations and surgical debridements. Increases were also observed in the proportion of patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease with advanced Rutherford classifications and in the number of cases of diabetic foot. Conclusions The reduction in elective care and patients' reluctance to seek health services during the pandemic are the probable causes of increased severity of patient status, with greater need for lower limb amputation and surgical debridement and changes to the profile of the surgery performed at the service.

Mortality from anti-personnel mines before and during the Colombian peace process / Mortalidad secundaria a minas antipersona antes y durante el proceso de paz colombiano

Abstract Introduction: Although the peace process in Colombia resulted in a significant reduction in the number of anti-personnel mines across the country, there are no reliable data on the effects of this phenomenon on outcomes for patients who were victims of these devices. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess mortality from landmine injuries before and during the Colombian peace process. Furthermore possible associations between peace negotiations and mortality were explored. Methods: For this study, we used the "Colombian Victims of Antipersonnel Mines Injuries registry" (MAP/MUSE database) data from 2002 to 2018. This registry was launched in 2001 by the government of Colombia with the aim of prospectively and systematically collect information on all the cases of anti-personnel mine injuries in the country. The period between 2002-2012 was classified as the pre-negotiation period (período de guerra), and 2014-2018 as the peace negotiations period, with 2013 classified as a washout year. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the association between peace negotiations and mortality among anti-personnel landmine injured individuals. Results: A total of 10306 landmine injury cases were registered. Of these, 1180 (11.4%) occurred in the peace-negotiation period. Mortality was significantly lower during the period of peace negotiations. After adjusting for sex, age group, race, active duty soldier status, rural area, and geographic Departamentos case volumes, the peace negotiation period was found to be associated with lower risk-adjusted odds of mortality after suffering a landmine injury (OR= 0.6, 95% CI, 0.5-0.7; p<0.001). Conclusions: Our findings suggest an association between the period of peace negotiation and a lower likelihood of mortality among victims of anti-personnel landmines.

Resumen Introducción: Aunque el proceso de paz colombiano produjo una reducción en la cantidad de minas antipersona en el país, no hay estimativos sobre el efecto de este fenómeno en los desenlaces de los pacientes víctimas de estos artefactos. Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la mortalidad por minas antipersona antes y durante la negociación del proceso de paz en Colombia. Además, exploramos posibles asociaciones entre las negociaciones de paz y la mortalidad. Métodos: Para este estudio utilizamos los datos del "Registro de víctimas colombianas de lesiones de minas antipersona" (base de datos MAP / MUSE) de 2002 a 2018. Este registro fue lanzado en 2001 por el gobierno de Colombia con el objetivo de recolectar información de manera prospectiva y sistemática de los casos de trauma por minas antipersona en el país. Clasificamos el período comprendido entre 2002 y 2012 como el período previo a la negociación (período de guerra), el comprendido entre 2014 y 2018 como el período de negociaciones de paz y el año 2013 como período de "depuración". Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística multivariados para explorar las asociaciones entre las negociaciones de paz y la mortalidad. Resultados: Se registraron un total de 10306 casos de lesiones por minas antipersona. De estos, 1180 (11.4%) ocurrieron en el período de negociación de paz. La mortalidad fue significativamente menor durante el período de negociaciones de paz. El análisis de regresión logística multivariado determinó que el período de negociación de paz se asoció con una menor probabilidad de mortalidad después de sufrir una lesión por minas antipersona (OR = 0,6, IC 95%, 0,5-0,7; p <0,001). Conclusiones: Nuestros hallazgos sugieren una asociación entre el período de negociación de paz y una menor probabilidad de mortalidad entre las víctimas de las minas antipersona.

Caracterización clínica y sociodemográfica de la población infantojuvenil entre 2 y 17 años con diagnóstico de deficiencia de extremidades superiores adquirida y/o congénita, en el Instituto Teletón Santiago / Clinical and sociodemographic characterization of the child and youth population between 2 and 17 years old with a diagnosis of acquired or congenital upper limbs deficiency at Instituto Teletón Santiago

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las deficiencias congénitas y adquiridas de extremidades superiores son una condición importante en la población pediátrica, existe poca información respecto de sus características clínicas, sociodemográficas y las asociadas al uso de prótesis. OBJETIVO: Describir las características clínicas y sociodemográficas de la población infantojuvenil entre 2 y 17 años con diagnóstico de deficiencia de extremidades superiores adquirida y/o congénita, pertenecientes al Instituto Teletón Santiago (IT-S). METODOLOGÍA: Estudio transversal, en población infantojuvenil entre 2 y 17 años, con diagnóstico de deficiencia de extremidades superiores, adquirida y congénita, que se atienden en el IT-S. Se realizó una revisión de fichas clínicas y encuesta para la obtención de datos de características sociodemográficas, clínicas y asociadas al uso de prótesis. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 215 pacientes, 93,9% de etiología congénita y 6,1% adquirida. El nivel de la deficiencia más frecuente fue parcial de mano con 51,6%, seguido del transradial con 33,1%. El 33% de los 215 pacientes estudiados tuvieron prescripción de prótesis. De los pacientes con prescripción de prótesis, 78,9% correspondía a mecánica y 18,3% a prótesis 3D. El 53,5% usaba su prótesis y el 46,4% no la usaba. Respecto a las prótesis 3D, el 84,6% no la usaban. En el nivel parcial de mano, el 83,3% no usaban su prótesis. CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio aporta datos de importancia clínica, destacando, una prescripción protésica de inicio temprano y asociada a las características clínicas de los pacientes. Así mismo, existe una alta tasa de no uso de las prótesis 3D, en el nivel parcial de mano.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital and acquired deficiencies of the upper extremities are an important condition in the pediatric population, however, there is almost no information regarding the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics and those associated with the use of prostheses. OBJECTIVE: Describe the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of the child and adolescent population between 2 and 17 years old with a diagnosis of acquired and/or congenital upper limb deficiency, belonging to the Instituto Teletón Santiago (IT-S). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in child and adolescent population between 2 and 17 years old, with a diagnosis of acquired and/ or congenital upper limb deficiency treated in the IT-S. A review of clinical records and a survey were carried out to obtain data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and characteristics associated with the use of prostheses. RESULTS: 215 patients were included, 93.9% of congenital and 6.1% of acquired etiology. The most common level of deficiency was partial hand with 51.6%, followed by transradial with 33.1%. 33% of the 215 patients included had a prescription for a prosthesis. 78.9% of the patients with a prosthesis prescription had a mechanical prosthesis and 18.3% had a 3D prosthesis. 53.5% used their prosthesis and 46.4% did not use it. 84.6% of the patients with 3D prostheses did not use them and an 83.3% of the patients with a partial hand level deficiency did not use their prosthesis. CONCLUSION: This study provides data of clinical importance, highlighting an early-onset prosthetic prescription associated with the clinical characteristics of the patients. Likewise, there is a high rate of non-use of 3D prostheses at the partial hand level.

Identificación por imágenes del paciente con pie diabético del tipo de lesiones que requirieron o requerirán amputación / Identification by images of the patient with diabetic foot of the type of injuries that required or will require amputation

Resumen: Introducción: La diabetes es una enfermedad crónico degenerativa que se desarrolla posterior a una disfunción del páncreas. Se estima que actualmente hay 422 millones de personas en el mundo que cuentan con el diagnóstico de diabetes. Una de sus complicaciones más frecuentes es el pie diabético. Se estima que alrededor de 15% de los pacientes diabéticos tendrán úlceras en las extremidades inferiores. Material y métodos: Es un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal. Su objetivo es conocer cuáles son las lesiones iniciales que desencadenaron una amputación en un pie diabético complicado. A los pacientes se les mostraron fotografías clínicas con las imágenes típicas de las patologías para su reconocimiento. Resultados: Se incluyó un total de 50 pacientes entre Enero de 2017 y Julio de 2019. De éstos, 78% (38) pacientes fueron masculinos, 22% (11) femeninos. 22 pacientes (44%) reconocieron el inicio del pie diabético con una úlcera, 13 con flictenas (26%), 10 con hiperqueratosis (20%), cinco con dedos en martillo (10%). Conclusiones: 96% de los pacientes lograron identificar al menos una lesión como factor predisponente para la aparición de pie diabético complicado. La presentación de fotografías clínicas resultó ser una herramienta aceptada por los pacientes. Mediante la identificación de su lesión inicial podemos determinar qué lesión y en qué sitio dio origen a la complicación que los llevó a la amputación. Esta información puede contribuir a tomar medidas preventivas para limitar las amputaciones en los miembros pélvicos de los pacientes diabéticos.

Abstract: Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic-degenerative disease that develops after pancreatic dysfunction. An estimated 422 million people in the world are currently diagnosed with diabetes. One of its most common complications is diabetic foot. It is estimated that about 15% of diabetic patients will have lower extremities ulcers. Material and methods: It is an observational, descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study. It aims to know what the initial injuries that triggered an amputation in a complicated diabetic foot. Patients were presented with clinical photographs with images typical of pathologies for recognition. Results: A total of 50 patients were included between January 2017 and July 2019. Of these 78% (38) patients were male, 22% (11) female. 22 patients (44%) recognized as the onset of diabetic foot an ulcer, 13 with blisters (26%), 10 with hyperkeratosis (20%), 5 with hammer toes (10%). Conclusions: 96% of patients were able to identify at least one injury as a predisposing factor for the onset of their complicated diabetic foot. The presentation of clinical photographs proved to be a patient-accepted tool. By identifying their initial injury we can determine which injury and where, where, it gave rise to the complication that led them to amputation. This information can help to perform preventive measures to limit amputations in the pelvic limbs of diabetic patients.

Conductas de autocuidado del pie en pacientes diabéticos amputados / Foot self-care behaviors in amused diabetic patients

INTRODUCCIÓN: El autocuidado de los pies incide en la prevención de ulceras y amputaciones en las personas diabéticas, sin embargo, se ha evidenciado desconocimiento y falta de habilidades en los pacientes diabéticos relacionados con el autocuidado del pie, incluso en aquellos con antecedentes de amputación previa. OBJETIVO: Determinar el cumplimiento de las conductas de autocuidado del pie en una muestra de pacientes diabéticos amputados. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo, corte transversal. Mediante muestreo por conveniencia se seleccionaron 50 pacientes diabéticos amputados de ambos sexos. Se aplicó un cuestionario de caracterización del paciente y conductas de autocuidado del pie. El análisis de los datos se realizó a través de SPSS 19. RESULTADOS: De los participantes 84% son hombres, 78% manifestó tiene pareja, 76% esta cesante. La conducta de autocuidado de los pies con mayor adhesión no uso objetos calientes para calentar pies (100%) y con menor adhesión: lubricación diaria (25%) y uso de calzado terapéutico (16%). CONCLUSIÓN: Se observó un cumplimiento inadecuado a las conductas de autocuidado para la prevención del pie diabético en la muestra de pacientes diabéticos amputados. Es necesario, adoptar estrategias educativas en la prevención del pie diabético, que respondan al grado de conocimiento y las barreras socioculturales existentes, lo que permitirá una mayor sensibilización en la prevención de amputaciones por pie diabético y la promoción de una mejor calidad de vida en esta población.

INTRODUCTION: Self-care of the feet has an impact on the prevention of ulcers and amputations in diabetic people, however, lack of knowledge and lack of skills have been evidenced in diabetic patients related to self-care of the foot, even in those with a history of previous amputation . OBJECTIVE: To determine compliance with self-care behaviors of the foot in a sample of diabetic amputees. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Descriptive study, cross section. By convenience sampling, 50 diabetic amputees of both sexes were selected. A patient characterization questionnaire and self-care behaviors of the foot were applied. Data analysis was performed through SPSS 19. RESULTS: 84% of the participants are men, 78% said they have a partner, 76% are unemployed. The self-care behavior of the feet with greater adherence did not use hot objects to warm feet (100%) and with less adherence: daily lubrication (25%) and use of therapeutic footwear (16%). CONCLUSION: Inadequate compliance with self-care behaviors for the prevention of diabetic foot was observed in the sample of diabetic amputees. It is necessary to adopt educational strategies in the prevention of diabetic foot, which respond to the degree of knowledge and the existing sociocultural barriers, which will allow for greater awareness in the prevention of amputations due to diabetic foot and the promotion of a better quality of life in this population.

Demographic and socioeconomic profiles of patients admitted with diabetic foot complications in a tertiary hospital in Belem - Para / Perfil socioeconômico e demográfico de pacientes internados por complicações nos pés diabéticos em um hospital terciário em Belém - Pará

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the socioeconomic and demographic profiles of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of diabetic foot in a tertiary hospital in Belem-PA, Brazil, as well as to evaluate risk factors for lower limb amputations in such patients, classifying them according to the Wagner and PEDIS classifications. Methods: we conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional, unicentric, and analytical study carried out through a structured questionnaire. Results: the study consisted of 57 patients, aged between 48 and 84 years old, 66.7% being male. The average income ranged between one and three (61.4%) minimum wages and below one minimum wage (31.6%). Type II Diabetes Mellitus was predominant (86.0%). Concerning comorbidities, arterial hypertension displayed the highest proportion (62.3%), followed by dyslipidemia (52.8%). Smokers comprised 35.1% of the sample. Infectious diabetic foot (50.9%) and mixed diabetic foot (49.1%) were the most common. Of the 20 patients with previous amputation, 90% had undergone minor amputation, and 10%, major ones. Callosity (92.6%) was the most prevalent deformity. Fifty-four (94.7%) patients underwent surgery, those being debridement (24.1%), minor amputation (37.0%) and major amputation (38.9%). During hospitalization, 78.9% of individuals did not require ICU stay. Hospitalization time varied between three and 59 days, and 78.9% of hospitalized patients did not progress to death, but 43.1% of patients submitted to major amputations died. Conclusion: patients with diabetic foot followed-up have a low socioeconomic profile; most of them underwent surgical procedures, whether major or minor, due to the higher prevalence of infectious diabetic foot and/or non-adherence to non-operative treatment.

RESUMO Objetivo: traçar o perfil socioeconômico demográfico de pacientes internados com diagnóstico de pé diabético em um hospital terciário de Belém-PA, bem como avaliar os fatores de riscos para amputações de membros inferiores classificando-os de acordo com os critérios de Wagner e PEDIS. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal, unicêntrico e analítico realizado mediante questionário estruturado com perguntas objetivas e com posterior análise estatística descritiva de pacientes diagnosticados com pé diabético em um hospital terciário de Belém-PA. Resultados: estudo foi composto por 57 pacientes, com idade variando entre 48 e 84 anos, sendo 66,7% masculino. A renda medida oscilou entre 01 a 03 salários. O Diabetes Mellitus do tipo II foi predominante (86,0%). HAS foi a doença associada mais prevalente (62,3%), seguida da Dislipidemia (52,8%). Havia 35,1% fumantes. O tipo mais comum de pé diabético foi o neuropático (59,6%), seguido pelo infeccioso (50,9%) e o misto (49,1%). O tempo de hospitalização variou entre 03 e 59 dias. 43,1% dos pacientes que foram submetidos a amputações maiores faleceram. Conclusão: a ocorrência de pé diabético foi maior nos pacientes do sexo masculino com mais de 50 anos de idade. Predominaram pacientes de baixa renda e com pouca escolaridade. A maioria dos pacientes foram acometidos por pé diabético do tipo II e padrão infeccioso e, que necessitaram de intervenção. A maioria dos pacientes foi admitido com classificações mais avançadas de Wagner e PEDIS, o que estava associado à altas taxas de amputações, impactando nos desfechos de mortalidade.

Amputación traumática de miembros inferiores / Traumatic Amputation of Lower Limbs

RESUMEN La amputación traumática completa se define como la separación total de un segmento del miembro del resto del cuerpo. El segmento cercenado algunas veces se puede reconectar, siempre que ambas partes de la extremidad hayan sido correctamente tratadas y se cumplan determinadas condiciones. Se presentan dos casos de amputación traumática de ambos miembros inferiores: el primero, una paciente femenina de 49 años de edad, debido a un accidente de trabajo y, el segundo, un paciente masculino de 39 años, víctima de un accidente en las vías férreas. Se expone la sintomatología presentada por ambos pacientes, su tratamiento quirúrgico y evolución(AU)

ABSTRACT Complete traumatic amputation is defined as the total separation of a limb segment from the rest of the body. The severed segment can sometimes be reconnected, provided that both parts of the limb have been correctly treated and certain conditions are met. Two cases of traumatic amputation of both lower limbs are presented: the first, a female patient of 49 years of age, due to an accident at work; and the second, a male patient of 39 years, victim of a railroad accident. The symptoms presented by both patients, their surgical treatment and evolution are exposed(AU)

Experiencia de la angioplastía en miembros inferiores en la enfermedad arterial periférica en una clínica privada en el sur de Colombia / Experience of angioplasty in lower limbs in peripheral arterial disease in a private clinic in southern Colombia

OBJETIVO: Evaluar las características de los pacientes sometidos a angioplastía en miembros inferiores, así como establecer posibles asociaciones entre los factores que lleven a complicaciones de la misma. MATERIALES Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo de corte transversal durante 18 meses en el que se evaluaron aquellos pacientes con enfermedad arterial periférica sometidos a angioplastía de miembros inferiores, sus características demográficas, clínicas, quirúrgicas y las complicaciones postoperatorias. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 158 registros de pacientes con edades entre 30 y 95 años. El 65,2% (n = 103) de los procedimientos se realizaron de forma electiva, los vasos intervenidos con mayor frecuencia fueron la arteria femoral superficial (64%), el tipo de intervención endovascular más frecuente fue la combinación de balón + balón medicado (32,9%), el tratamiento farmacológico postoperatorio más usado fue la combinación de ácido acetilsalicílico (ASA) y clopidogrel (86,1%). Se presentaron 21 casos de complicaciones, la más frecuente fue la amputación menor (52%). Se encontró mayor riesgo de amputación menor cuando el procedimiento quirúrgico es realizado de forma urgente (p = 0,012; OR [IC 95%]: 4,8 [1,4-16,5]). DISCUSIÓN: La complicación posangioplastía con diferencia estadísticamente significativa fue la amputación menor cuando el procedimiento se realizó de manera urgente, esta asociación pudo estar relacionada con el estado clínico del paciente en el momento del ingreso y no con el procedimiento quirúrgico. CONCLUSIÓN: La angioplastía realizada de urgencias fue un procedimiento tan seguro como cuando se realiza de forma programada, dado por la misma proporción de sangrado o disección arterial.

AIM: Evaluate the characteristics of patients undergoing angioplasty in the lower limbs, as well as to establish possible associations between the factors leading to complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Observational descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study conducted during 18 months in which patients with peripheral arterial disease undergoing angioplasty of the lower limb were included, as well their demographic, clinical, and surgical characteristics and the postoperative complications. RESULTS: 158 records of patients between 30 and 95 years were evaluated. 65.2% (n = 103) of the procedures were performed not urgently, the most frequently intervened vessels were the superficial femoral artery (64%), the most frequent type of endovascular intervention was the combination of balloon + medicated ball (32.9%), the most used postoperative pharmacological treatment was the combination of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel (86.1%). There were 21 cases of complications, the most frequent complication was minor amputation (52%). A higher risk of minor amputation was found when the surgical procedure was performed urgently (p = 0.012, OR [95% CI]: 4.8 [1.4-16.5]). DISCUSION: The post-angioplasty complication with statistically significant difference was minor amputation when the procedure was performed urgently, this association was related to the clinical status of the patient at the time of admission and not to the surgical procedure. CONCLUSION: Angioplasty performed urgently is as safe as elective procedures, given by the same proportion of bleeding or arterial dissection.

Factores pronósticos para pérdida de extremidad con trauma arterial periférico en un hospital de Colombia / Prognostic factors for extreme loss in peripheral arterial trauma at a Colombian hospital

INTRODUCCIÓN: El trauma vascular es un evento de baja frecuencia, con alta morbimortalidad que afecta la población joven; requiere en general un manejo quirúrgico. Se asocia a complicaciones desde la reintervención quirúrgica hasta la amputación de la extremidad, influenciado por variables tanto asociadas al trauma como a la atención hospitalaria. OBJETIVO: Determinar los factores de riesgo relacionados con amputación, en pacientes con trauma arterial periférico (TAP), atendidos en un Hospital de III nivel Huila- Colombia entre 2014-2017. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, analítico de corte retrospectiva con pacientes mayores de 13 años con TAP. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 79 pacientes, con un 1,56% de las consultas en nuestro Servicio de Urgencia. 89% hombres, promedio de edad 28,5 años. La principal comorbilidad fue la farmacodependencia 8,8%. El MESS (mangled extremity severity) promedio fue de 5,27 puntos y un tiempo critico de isquemia de extremidad > a 6 horas en el 38%. El mayor compromiso fue de miembros superiores, secundario a heridas por arma cortopunzante. La lesión predominante fue la transección arterial. Las principales complicaciones posquirúrgicas fueron la trombosis del vaso (21,5%) y la amputación (13,9%). Factores de riesgo asociados a amputación fueron la edad > 20 años, estancia hospitalaria > 7 días, MESS > 7 puntos, que presentaran como complicación quirúrgica la trombosis arterial y que requirieran reintervención quirúrgica. CONCLUSIONES: El trauma arterial periférico es una patología con gran repercusión socioeconómica y secuelas funcionales. Es necesaria la atención oportuna con tratamiento de las variables relacionadas con mal pronóstico, con el fin de disminuir las tasas de morbimortalidad.

INTRODUCTION: Vascular trauma is a low frequency event, with high morbidity and mortality that affects the young population; In general, it requires surgical management. It is associated with complications from surgical reintervention to amputation of the limb, influenced by trauma associated variables such as hospital care. AIM: Determine risk factors related to amputation, in patients with peripheral arterial trauma (TAP), treated at a Hospital of III level Huila-Colombia between 2014-2017. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Observational, retrospective analytical study with patients older than 13 years with TAP. RESULTS: We included 79 patients with an incidence of 1.56%. 89% men, average age 28.5 years. The main comorbidity was 8.8% drug dependence. The MESS (Mangled extremity severity) average was of 5.27 points and a critical time of limb ischemia > to 6 hours in 38%. The greater commitment was of superior members, secondary to injuries by sharp weapon. The predominant lesion was arterial transection. The main postoperative complications were vessel thrombosis (21.5%) and amputation in 13.9%. Risk factors associated with amputation were determined by age > 20 years, hospital stay > 7 days, MESS > 7 points, and that they presented arterial thrombosis as a surgical complication and finally required surgical reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral arterial trauma is a pathology with great socioeconomic impact and functional sequelae. It is necessary the timely attention with treatment of the variables related to poor prognosis, in order to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates.

Factors associated with outcome of endovascular treatment of iliac occlusive disease: a single-center experience / Fatores associados com os desfechos clínicos do tratamento endovascular da doença oclusiva ilíaca: experiência de um único centro

Abstract Background Endovascular treatment (ET) of iliac occlusive disease (IOD) is well established in literature. Use of stents in IOD has achieved long-term limb salvage and patency rates similar to those of open surgery, with lower morbidity and mortality rates. Objectives To report the long-term outcomes, particularly limb salvage and patency rates, of ET for IOD and the factors associated with these outcomes. Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients with IOD who underwent iliac angioplasty (IA), between January 2009 and January 2015. Patients with critical limb ischemia or incapacitating claudication were included. Results In total, 48 IA procedures were performed in 46 patients, with an initial technical success rate of 95.83%. Failure occurred in two patients, who were excluded, leaving 44 patients and 46 IA. The primary patency, secondary patency, limb salvage, and survival rates at 1200 days were 88%, 95.3%, 86.3%, and 69.9%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression revealed that the primary patency rate was significantly worse in patients with TASC type C/D than in patients with TASC type A/B (p = 0.044). Analysis of factors associated with major amputation using Cox regression showed that the rate of limb loss was greater in patients with TASC type C/D (p = 0.043). Male gender was associated with reduced survival (p = 0.011). Conclusions TASC type C/D was associated with a higher number of reinterventions and with worse limb loss and primary patency rates. Male gender was associated with a worse survival rate after ET of IOD.

Resumo Contexto O tratamento endovascular da doença oclusiva ilíaca (DOI) é bem estabelecido. O uso de stents nas angioplastias ilíacas (AI) alcançou estimativas de salvamento de membro e perviedade similares às de cirurgias abertas, porém com menor morbimortalidade. Objetivos Demonstrar os desfechos clínicos a longo prazo, principalmente as estimativas de salvamento de membro (ESM) e perviedade, do tratamento endovascular da DOI e os fatores associados. Método Estudo de coorte retrospectiva e consecutiva incluindo pacientes com DOI e isquemia crítica ou claudicação limitante submetidos a AI entre janeiro de 2009 a janeiro de 2015. Resultados Foram realizadas 48 AI em 46 pacientes, com uma taxa de sucesso técnico inicial de 95,83%. Ocorreu falha técnica em dois pacientes, os quais foram excluídos da análise, restando 44 pacientes e 46 AI. As estimativas de perviedade primária, perviedade secundária, ESM e sobrevida aos 1.200 dias foram de 88%, 95,3%, 86,3% e 69,9%, respectivamente. A regressão de Cox univariada e multivariada revelou que a perviedade primária foi pior em pacientes com classificação TASC C/D do que em pacientes TASC A/B (p = 0,044). Quando analisamos os fatores associados à amputação maior, verificou-se que lesões TASC tipo C/D (p = 0,043) apresentaram piores resultados. O sexo masculino foi associado com sobrevida reduzida (p = 0,011). Conclusões Classificação TASC tipo C/D foi associada a um maior número de reintervenções, maior perda de membro e piores estimativas de perviedade primária. O sexo masculino foi associado a uma pior sobrevida.

Fechamento de hemicorporectomia com utilização do retalho subtotal unilateral da coxa: relato de caso / Closure of hemicorporectomy using a subtotal unilateral tight flap: a case report

A hemicorporectomia ou amputação translombar foi primeiramente descrita em 1950 por Kredel como método curativo para neoplasia localmente avançada de pelve. Trata-se de um procedimento cirúrgico extenso, que quando bem indicado é capaz de prover a cura oncológica, além de possibilitar a melhora clínica e de qualidade de vida. Os autores apresentam o relato de caso de um paciente de 34 anos, com carcinoma espinocelular em úlcera de pressão crônica, acometendo períneo, glúteo e coxa posterior à direita. O paciente foi submetido à hemicorporectomia com reconstrução utilizando retalho subtotal da coxa esquerda. Observou-se boa evolução no pós-operatório e a utilização do retalho subtotal da coxa para fechamento da hemicorporectomia se mostrou como método seguro, eficiente e de técnica reprodutível.

Hemicorporectomy or translumbar amputation was first described in 1950 by Kredel to treat locally advanced pelvic neoplasia. This extensive surgical procedure can achieve oncological cure and improve clinical status and quality of life. The authors present a case report of a 34-yearold patient with squamous cell carcinoma in a chronic pressure ulcer affecting the right perineum, gluteus, and posterior thigh. The patient underwent hemicorporectomy with reconstructive surgery using a partial-thickness flap of the left thigh. The postoperative course was good, and the use of a partial-thickness flap of the thigh to close the hemicorporectomy proved to be safe, efficient, and reproducible.

Idosos diabéticos: fatores clínicos predisponentes para amputação de membros inferiores / Diabetic elderly: clinical factors predisposing to lower limb amputation

Identificar os fatores que predispõem os idosos diabéticos a amputações de membros inferiores. Método: Estudo descritivo, quantitativo com 103 idosos de um hospital referência no tratamento de vasculopatias na Paraíba/Brasil. Para análise procedeu-se a regressão logística simples ao nível de 5%. Resultado: O consumo de tabaco e álcool, a dieta inadequada e o diagnóstico tardio foram identificados como fatores predisponentes à amputação de membros inferiores, enquanto que, a dieta adequada e o controle glicêmico como fatores de proteção. Conclusão: É necessário conscientizar as equipes de saúde, idosos e familiares da necessidade de conhecer para prevenir, no sentido de propiciar aos idosos diabéticos a redução das complicações do diabetes, em particular, as amputações de membros inferiores, contribuindo para sua autonomia e independência na realização das atividades diárias. A pesquisa poderá nortear os profissionais de saúde, particularmente o enfermeiro, no planejamento de metas e intervenções para diminuir as complicações do diabetes.

Identifying the factors that predispose elderly diabetics to lower limb amputations. Method: A descriptive, quantitative study whit 103 elderly patients from a referral hospital in the treatment of vasculopathies in Paraiba/Brazil. For the analysis, a simple logistic regression was performed at the 5% level. Result: The consumption of tobacco and alcohol, inadequatediet and late diagnosis were identified as factors predisposing to lower limb amputation, whereas adequate diet and glycemiccontrol as protective factors. Conclusion: It is necessary to raise the awareness of health teams, the elderly and their families about the need to know to prevent, in order to provide diabetic elders with a reduction in diabetes complications, particularly lower limb amputations, contributing to their independence and independence of daily activities. The research may guide health professionals, particularly nurses, in planning goals and interventions to decrease the complications of diabetes.

Identificar los factores que predisponen a los ancianos diabéticos a amputaciones de miembros inferiores. Método:Estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo con el objetivo con 103 ancianos de un hospital referencia en el tratamiento de vasculopatías enParaíba/Brasil. Para el análisis se procedió a la regresión logística simple al nivel del 5%. Resultado: El consumo frecuente de tabaco yalcohol, la dieta inadecuada y el diagnóstico tardío fueron identificados como factores predisponentes a la amputación de miembrosinferiores, mientras que la dieta adecuada y el control glucémico como factores de protección. Conclusión: Es necesario concientizara los equipos de salud, ancianos y familiares sobre la necesidad de conocer para prevenir, en el sentido de propiciar a los ancianosdiabéticos la reducción de las complicaciones de la diabetes, en particular, las amputaciones de miembros inferiores, contribuyendo para su autonomía e independencia en la realización de las actividades diarias. La investigación podrá guiar a los profesionales de salud, particularmente al enfermero, en la planificación de metas e intervenciones que reduzcan las complicaciones de la diabetes.

Estudo comparativo entre a amputação de reto na posição clássica de Lloyd-Davies e em decúbito ventral / Comparative study between amputation of the rectum in the classic Lloyd-Davies position and in ventral decubitus

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar benefícios e desvantagens do posicionamento em decúbito ventral em relação ao de Lloyd-Davies, de pacientes submetidos à amputação abdominoperineal de reto. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo de 56 pacientes submetidos à amputação abdominoperineal de reto por neoplasias de reto distal e de canal anal, tratados no Hospital Central da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo entre 2008 e 2017. Resultados: a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 63,08 anos, sendo 48,2% deles mulheres e 51,8%, homens. Adenocarcinoma foi o tipo histológico em 94,6% dos casos e carcinoma espinocelular em 5,4%. A posição de Lloyd-Davies foi a adotada em 66,1% das cirurgias e a posição ventral em 33,9%. No momento da cirurgia quatro pacientes apresentavam metástases sincrônicas: hepática (um caso), pulmonar (um caso) e hepática e pulmonar simultâneas (dois casos). Tratamento neoadjuvante foi realizado em 85,7% dos pacientes. Complicações pós-operatórias tardias ocorreram em 13 pacientes operados na posição clássica e em um paciente operado em decúbito ventral. O tempo de sobrevida global para o grupo operado na posição clássica foi, em média, de 45,7 meses, enquanto que no grupo operado em decúbito ventral foi de 15,5 meses. Conclusão: o grupo da posição ventral apresentou menor necessidade de infusão de volume intravenoso intraoperatório e menos complicações pós-cirúrgicas tardias, enquanto que o grupo Lloyd-Davies obteve melhores tempos cirúrgicos e anestésicos. Recidiva, tempo livre de doença e sobrevida global devem ser avaliados em um tempo maior de seguimento.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the benefits and disadvantages of the ventral decubitus position compared with that of Lloyd-Davies in patients submitted to abdominoperineal amputation of the rectum. Methods: we conducted a retrospective study of 56 patients submitted to abdominoperineal amputation of the rectum due to distal rectal and anal canal neoplasms, treated at the Central Hospital of the Santa Casa de Misericórdia in São Paulo between 2008 and 2017. Results: patients' mean age was 63.08 years, 48.2% of them women and 51.8%, men. Adenocarcinoma was the histological type, in 94.6% of cases, and squamous cell carcinoma, in 5.4%. The position of Lloyd-Davies was adopted in 66.1% of the procedures, and the ventral position, in 33.9%. At the time of surgery, four patients had synchronous metastases: hepatic (one case), pulmonary (one case) and simultaneous liver and lung (two cases). Neoadjuvant treatment was performed in 85.7% of the patients. Late postoperative complications occurred in 13 patients operated in the classic position and in one patient operated on in the ventral decubitus position. The overall survival time for the group operated in the classic position was on average 45.7 months, while in the group operated on in the ventral decubitus position it was 15.5 months. Conclusion: the ventral position group presented less need for intraoperative intravenous volume infusion and fewer postoperative complications, whereas the Lloyd-Davies group had better surgical and anesthetic times. Relapse, disease-free time, and overall survival should be evaluated at a longer follow-up time.

Carga da doença para as amputações de membros inferiores atribuíveis ao diabetes mellitus no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, 2008-2013 / Carga de enfermedad para las amputaciones de miembros inferiores, atribuibles a la diabetes mellitus en el Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, 2008-2013 / Burden of disease from lower limb amputations attributable to diabetes mellitus in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, 2008-2013

O objetivo foi estimar a carga da doença para as amputações de membros inferiores atribuíveis ao diabetes mellitus no Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, no período de 2008 a 2013. Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, utilizando-se o cálculo de anos de vida perdidos ajustados por incapacidade (DALY - disability-adjusted life years). A carga da doença foi alta, mais de 8 mil DALY, distribuídos entre homens e mulheres. A incapacidade respondeu por 93% do DALY e a mortalidade por 7,5%. A carga dos homens foi 5.580,6 DALY, praticamente o dobro das mulheres (2.894,8), sendo que a participação do componente anos de vida saudável perdidos em virtude de incapacidade (YLD - years lost due to disability) dos homens impulsionou esta taxa para 67,6% do total do DALY. Os homens vivem mais tempo com a amputação, por isto perdem mais anos de vida sadia (65,8%), e a mortalidade é maior entre as mulheres (61%). As distribuições das taxas de DALY no estado não mostraram distribuição homogênea. A intensificação de avaliação, planejamento e desenvolvimento de estratégias custo-efetivas para a prevenção e educação em saúde para o pé diabético deve ser considera a partir da maior vulnerabilidade masculina.

El objetivo fue estimar la carga de enfermedad para las amputaciones de miembros inferiores, atribuibles a la diabetes mellitus en el Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, durante el período de 2008 a 2013. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo, utilizándose el cálculo de años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (DALY - disability-adjusted life years). La carga de la enfermedad fue alta, más de 8 mil DALY distribuidos entre hombres y mujeres. La incapacidad supuso un 93% del DALY y la mortalidad un 7,5%. La carga de los hombres fue 5.580,6 DALY, prácticamente el doble de las mujeres (2.894,8), siendo que la participación del componente años de vida saludable perdidos por discapacidad (YLD - years lost due to disability) de los hombres impulsó esta tasa hacia un 67,6% del total del DALY. Los hombres viven más tiempo con la amputación, por ello pierden más años de vida sana (65,8%), y la mortalidad es mayor entre las mujeres (61%). Las distribuciones de las tasas de DALY en el estado no mostraron distribución homogénea. La intensificación de evaluación, planificación y desarrollo de estrategias costo-efectivas para la prevención y educación en salud para el pie diabético debe ser considerada a partir de la mayor vulnerabilidad masculina

The objective was to estimate the burden of disease from lower limb amputations attributable to diabetes mellitus in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, from 2008 to 2013. A descriptive epidemiological study was performed by calculating disability-adjusted life years (DALY). Burden of disease was high, more than 8,000 DALY in men and women. Disability accounted for 93% of DALY and mortality for 7.5%. The burden in men was 5,580.6 DALY, almost double that in women (2,894.8), and the share of the years lost due to disability (YLD) component in men pushed this rate to 67.6% of total DALY. Men live longer following amputation, so they lose more years of healthy life (65.8%), while mortality is higher in women (61%). DALY rates were not distributed homogeneously across the state. The intensification of evaluation, planning, and development of cost-effective strategies for prevention and health education for diabetic foot should be oriented according to higher male vulnerability.

Análise dos fatores de risco relacionados às amputações maiores e menores de membros inferiores em hospital terciário / Analysis of risk factors related to minor and major lower limb amputations at a tertiary hospital

Resumo Contexto As amputações dos membros inferiores, sejam definidas como maiores ou menores, são um grave problema de saúde, com altos índices de morbimortalidade e de relevante impacto social. Diferentes características clínicas dos pacientes parecem estar relacionadas aos diferentes tipos de amputação realizados. Objetivos Analisar os fatores de risco presentes em pacientes submetidos a amputações de membros inferiores em hospital terciário. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo, transversal, envolvendo 109 pacientes submetidos a amputação de membro inferior em um período de 31 meses, através da análise de gênero e idade, 15 dados clínicos e cinco parâmetros laboratoriais presentes no momento da admissão. Os dados foram submetidos a estatística descritiva e comparativa através do teste t de Student não pareado (para variáveis numéricas), e dos testes de Mann-Whitney e exato de Fisher (para variáveis categóricas). Resultados Das 109 amputações realizadas, 59 foram maiores e 50 menores. A maioria dos pacientes era do gênero masculino (65%), e a média de idade foi de 65 anos (mín. 39, máx. 93). Dentre os fatores de risco observados, idade avançada, acidente vascular encefálico, isquemia, sepse e níveis baixos de hemoglobina e hematócrito estavam estatisticamente mais relacionados às amputações maiores (p < 0,05). Diabetes melito, neuropatia e pulsos distais palpáveis foram fatores mais associados às amputações menores. Conclusões Os níveis das amputações de membros inferiores estão relacionados a diferentes fatores de risco. Os quadros isquêmicos mais graves e de maior morbidade estiveram associados a amputações maiores, enquanto a neuropatia e perfusão preservada, mais relacionados às amputações menores.

Abstract Background Whether they are defined as minor or major, lower limb amputations constitute a severe health problem, causing high rates of morbidity and mortality and considerable social impact. Different patient clinical characteristics appear to be related to different types of amputations. Objectives To analyze risk factors present in patients who underwent lower limb amputations at a tertiary hospital. Methods This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of 109 patients who underwent lower limb amputations over a period of 31 months, analyzing gender, age, 15 clinical data and five laboratory parameters present at the time of admission. Data were treated with descriptive statistics and compared using Student’s t test for unpaired samples (for numerical variables), the Mann-Whitney test, or Fisher’s exact tests (for categorical variables). Results There were 59 major and 50 minor amputations out of a total of 109 performed. The majority of patients were male (65%) and mean age was 65 years (range 39 to 93). Risk factors that were statistically (p < 0.05) more related to major amputations were advanced age, stroke, ischemia, sepsis, and low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Diabetes mellitus, neuropathy, and palpable distal pulses were factors more strongly associated with minor amputations. Conclusions Lower limb amputations at different levels are related to different risk factors. Ischemia of greater severity and morbidity was associated with major amputations, while neuropathy and preserved perfusion were more often related to minor amputations.

Amputação de membros inferiores em pacientes diabéticos ­ qual é o controle dos fatores de risco? / Lower extremity amputation in diabetic patients: what is the control of risk factors?

Introdução: Define-se pé diabético como "infecção, ulceração e ou destruição dos tecidos profundos, associados a anormalidades neurológicas e vários graus de doença vascular periférica nos membros inferiores", que é a principal causa de amputações não traumá- ticas. Este estudo objetiva identificar fatores de risco para amputação de pé diabético dos portadores de diabetes. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo caso-controle, transversal, observacional e prospectivo, realizado através da coleta de dados por aplicação de questionário e pesquisa de outras informações no sistema de registro eletrônico de prontuários do Hospital Santa Isabel (HSI) e do Núcleo de Atenção ao Diabético (NAD) em Blumenau/SC. As variáveis analisadas nos prontuários foram: complicações microvasculares e macrovasculares, valor de HbA1c, perfil lipídico, cálculo de IMC (índice de massa corporal), realização prévia de arteriografia, presença de pulsos arteriais e classificação de Wagner. Resultados: Verificou-se que o tempo de diagnóstico da doença foi fator de risco e o HDL-C foi considerado fator protetor para o desfecho. Entre as demais variáveis, não possuir amputações prévias, neuropatia, doença vascular periférica e complicações cardiovasculares, não se consultar no NAD, não realizar arteriografia e ausência de pulsos distais bilaterais foram considerados significativos (p<0.05). Apesar da variável HbA1c não ter apresentado valor significativo, é de suma importância o seu controle. Conclusões: Através do estudo, conclui-se que os pacientes amputados apresentam maior proporção de fatores de risco não controlados. Estudos, com delineamento longitudinal e amostras maiores, são necessários para se estabelecer as correlações significativas entre essas variáveis e os desfechos de amputação de membros inferiores nos pacientes diabéticos(AU)

Introduction: Diabetic foot is defined as "infection, ulceration and/or destruction of deep tissues associated with neurological abnormalities and various degrees of peripheral vascular disease of the lower limbs", which is the leading cause of nontraumatic amputations. This study aims to identify risk factors for diabetic foot amputation in patients with diabetes. Methods: This is a case-control, cross-sectional, observational and prospective study conducted by collecting data through questionnaire administration and research on other information in the electronic registration system of medical records of Hospital Santa Isabel (HSI) and the Diabetic Care Center (NAD) in Blumenau, SC. The variables analyzed in the medical records were microvascular and macrovascular complications, HbA1c value, lipid profile, BMI (body mass index) calculation, previous performance of arteriography, presence of arterial pulses, and Wagner's classification. Results: The time of disease diagnosis was found to be a risk factor, and HDL-C was considered as a protective factor for the outcome. Among the other variables, not having previous amputations, neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease and cardiovascular complications, not consulting the NAD, not performing arteriography, and absence of bilateral distal pulses were considered as significant (p<0.05). Although the HbA1c variable did not present significant value, its control is extremely important. Conclusions: Amputee patients have a higher proportion of uncontrolled risk factors. Studies with a longitudinal design and larger samples are needed to establish significant correlations between these variables and the outcomes of lower limb amputation in diabetic patients(AU)

Efectividad del uso del Registro de Evaluación Integral al paciente afectado de pie diabético (REIPD) / Effectiveness of the Use of the Comprehensive Evaluation Record on The Affected Patient With Diabetic Foot (REIPD in Spanish)

Introducción: el tratamiento del pie diabético con Heberprot-P requiere de una informatización creciente de sus procesos. En Cuba hasta la fecha solo se tiene el antecedente del Registro de Evaluación Integral al Pie Diabético (REIPD), de la misma autoría, pero no es específico para este tratamiento. Objetivo: confirmar la utilidad del Registro de Evaluación Integral al paciente tratado con Heberprot-P (REIPROT). Métodos: el instrumento se elaboró a partir de las siguientes etapas: búsqueda y análisis de instrumentos internacionales y nacionales, revisión de los principales factores de riesgo, conformación de la estructura y determinación de la propuesta de clasificación. Se estudió la relación funcional del instrumento mediante la medida de adecuación muestral de Kaiser-Meyer-Okin, la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett y el modelo de regresión lineal simple. Se empleó el criterio de expertos en las tres últimas etapas. La informatización requirió de un patrón Modelo Vista Controlador. Se utilizó C# como lenguaje de programación, Sharp Developer 4.2 como IDE de desarrollo y Postgre SQL 9.2 como gestor de base de datos. Resultados: en las pruebas paramétricas realizadas se constató la imposibilidad de realizar una reducción de variables. En el Test de Wilcoxon se obtuvo valores Z cercanos a -7, con un elevado grado de significación. El índice de correlación de Pearson y el coeficiente de determinación en relación al valor total con la dosis de Heberprot-P y la intervención quirúrgica fueron considerados satisfactorios, especialmente esta última, aspecto que demostró una correlación favorable entre el valor del instrumento y el riesgo de amputación. Conclusión: la integración del (REIPROT) al Programa de Atención Integral al Paciente con Úlcera de Pie Diabético (PAIPUPD), debe favorecer la eficacia del proceso de diagnóstico y tratamiento del pie diabético con Heberprot-P, logrando así, una disminución del riesgo de amputación(AU)

Introduction: The treatment of diabetic foot with Heberprot-P requires an increasing information input of its processes. In Cuba, so far, there is only the antecedent of Registry for Diabetic Foot Comprehensive Evaluation (REIPD), by the same authors, but it is not specific for Heberprot-P treatment. Objective: Confirm the usefulness of the Comprehensive Evaluation Record of patients treated with Heberprot-P (REIPROT). Methods: The instrument was elaborated from the following stages: search and analysis of international and national instruments, revision of the main risk factors, and formation of the structure and determination of the classification proposal. The functional relationship of the instrument was studied using the Kaiser-Meyer-Okin sampling adequacy measure, the Bartlett sphericity test and the simple linear regression model. Expert judgment was used in the last three stages. Information Input required a Model Vista Controller pattern. C # was used as programming language, Sharp Developer 4.2 as development IDE and Postgre SQL 9.2 as database manager. Results: The performed parametric tests found impossible to perform a reduction of variables. In Wilcoxon test, Z values were obtained close to -7, with high degree of significance. Pearson correlation index and the coefficient of determination in relation to the total value with Heberprot-P dose and the surgical intervention were considered satisfactory, especially the latter, which showed a favorable correlation between the value of the instrument and the amputation risk. Conclusion: The integration of REIPROT into the Comprehensive Care Program for Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer (PAIPUPD) should favor the efficacy of the diabetic foot diagnosis and treatment process with Heberprot-P, thus reducing the risk of amputation(AU)

Implante de células madre hematopoyéticas en pacientes con isquemia crónica de los miembros inferiores / Hematopoietic stem cells implantation in patients with chronic ischemia of lower limbs

Introducción: la enfermedad arterial periférica de los miembros inferiores es un síndrome común que afecta a un elevado porcentaje de la población adulta mundial, asociada con la disminución de la capacidad funcional. Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento del implante de células madre hematopoyéticas en pacientes con isquemia crónica de miembros inferiores. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo de tipo cuasi-experimental en 159 pacientes con isquemia crónica de los miembros inferiores, mayores de 40 años, atendidos en el Servicio de Angiología del Hospital "Arnaldo Milián Castro" a los que se le realizó un implante de células madre hematopoyéticas. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, factores de riesgo, dolor en reposo, tiempo de marcha libre de dolor, mejoría de las lesiones isquémicas, si hubo amputación mayor después del trasplante, reaparición de manifestaciones isquémicas severas. Los criterios de evaluación del tratamiento fueron: respuesta primaria (cuatro semanas) y avanzada (24 semanas), recaída y fracaso terapéutico. Resultados: la sintomatología más frecuente antes de la implantación fue la claudicación arterial intermitente a menos de 200 metros (IIb) y las lesiones isquémicas (IV), después de la implantación se observó en la mayoría de los pacientes un aumento en la distancia de claudicación arterial intermitente a más de 200 metros (IIa). Solo en 13 pacientes hubo un fracaso terapéutico al requerir de una amputación mayor. Conclusiones: el implante de células madre hematopoyéticas en pacientes con isquemia crónica de miembros inferiores es una buena alternativa terapéutica para el tratamiento de la enfermedad arterial periférica y la disminución del índice de amputaciones(AU)

Introduction: the peripheral arterial disease of lower limbs is a common syndrome that affects a high percentage of world adult population and is associated to a decrease of the functional capacity. Objective: to determine the behavior of hematopoietic stem cells implantation in patients with chronic leg ischemia. Methods: a quasi-experimental prospective study was conducted in a sample of 159 patients aged over 40 years, who suffered from chronic leg ischemia. All of them had been treated at the angiology service of "Arnaldo Milián Castro" hospital and had undergone hematopoietic stem cells implantation. The study variables were age, sex, risk factors, pain at rest, pain-free time of walking, improvement of ischemic lesions, post-transplant major amputation and reoccurrence of severe ischemic manifestations. The evaluation criteria of the treatment were primary response (four weeks) and advanced (24 weeks), relapse and therapeutic failure Results: the most frequent symptoms before the implantation was the intermittent arterial claudication in less than 200 meter distance (IIb) and ischemic lesions (IV). After the implantation, an increase in the distance of intermittent arterial claudication was observed in more than 200 meter (IIa) distance. Therapeutic failure was just observed in patients who required a major amputation. Conclusions: the hematopoietic stem cells implantation in patients with chronic leg ischemia proved to be a good therapeutic alternative for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease, thus reducing index of amputations(AU)

Factors associated with diabetic foot amputations / Fatores associados a amputações por p¨¦ diab¨¦tico

Diabetes and the problem of the diabetic foot specifically are a severe burden on the public healthcare system. Amputations caused by this condition are still common in our setting (Brazil), although the true magnitude of the problem is not known with certainty. Lower limb amputation rates have come to be seen as an indicator of the quality of preventative care of the diabetic foot. OBJECTIVE: To identify associations between amputations and factors related to people, to morbidities and to primary care received. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of a sample of 137 patients with diabetic feet admitted to a large hospital in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Logistic regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Associations with amputation were detected for the following variables: age over 60; resident of the Metro zone; income of three minimum salaries or less; presence of gangrene on admission; glycemia ¡Ý 126 mg/dL; smoking; not receiving information about results of glycemia testing; not having feet examined, and not being given guidance on caring for feet at consultations during the previous year. CONCLUSIONS: Factors related to Primary Care, such as time since onset of ulcers, information about results of glycemia testing and lack of guidance on how to care for their feet, were associated with occurrence of lower limb amputations...

O diabetes e especificamente o problema do p¨¦ diab¨¦tico representam grave adversidade ao sistema de sa¨²de p¨²blica. As amputações resultantes deste agravo ainda são frequentes em nosso meio, embora não se conheça ao certo a sua magnitude. A taxa de amputações de membros inferiores tem sido considerada um indicador da qualidade dos cuidados preventivos do p¨¦ diab¨¦tico. OBJETIVO: Identificar a exist¨ºncia de associação entre amputações e fatores relacionados ¨¤s pessoas, ¨¤ morbidade e ¨¤ atenção b¨¢sica recebida. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal que incluiu uma amostra de 137 portadores de p¨¦ diab¨¦tico internados em hospital de grande porte da cidade do Recife. Realizou-se an¨¢lise de regressão log¨ªstica. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se associação para as vari¨¢veis: idade de 60 anos ou mais; proced¨ºncia da Região metropolitana; renda de at¨¦ tr¨ºs sal¨¢rios m¨ªnimos; presença de gangrena ¨¤ admissão; glicemia de 126 mg/dL ou mais; tabagismo; não receber informação dos resultados da glicemia; não ter os p¨¦s examinados, e não receber orientação sobre cuidados com os p¨¦s nas consultas do ano anterior. CONCLUSÕES: Fatores relacionados ¨¤ Atenção B¨¢sica, tais como o tempo de ocorr¨ºncia da ¨²lcera, a informação dos resultados do exame de glicemia e a falta de orientação sobre cuidados com os p¨¦s, estiveram associados com a ocorr¨ºncia de amputações de membros inferiores...

Anxiety, depression and quality of life in individuals with phantom limb pain

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate emotional factors such as anxiety and depression, and the Quality of Life of individuals with chronic persistent pain after amputation in order to identify the interindividual variation in response to pain. METHODS: This was a descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional study with quantitative approach. Twenty seven patients were interviewed. The instruments have rated the sociodemographic, clinical and economic profile (semistructured interview) and the Quality of Life (generic Quality of Life questionnaire SF-12) and emotional factors (HAD scale) of the interviewed patients. RESULTS: It was identified that the most frequent amputations occur in males aged 18-38 years and are related to occupational accidents. The Quality of Life was compromised in both components of physical and mental health. Furthermore, anxiety levels were more prevalent in the range from aged 18 to 38 years old, while the levels of depression were most prevalent among the elderly (60 to 80 years old). CONCLUSION: The impairment of Quality of Life and change in the perception of body image has a major impact on adherence to the rehabilitation program and the functional prognosis. Therapeutic orientation is, therefore, critical after this type of surgery. Level of Evidence II, Descriptive and Exploratory Study. .