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1.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 38(2): 205-211, abr. 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388217

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La echinococcosis esplénica (EE), suele ser una enfermedad asintomática cuyo diagnóstico se plantea de forma incidental. OBJETIVO: Determinar morbilidad post-operatoria (MPO) y recurrencia en pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por EE. Material y MÉTODO: Serie de casos con seguimiento, de pacientes con EE intervenidos de forma consecutiva, entre 2000 y 2018. Las variables resultado fueron MPO y recurrencia. Otras variables de interés fueron: diámetro y localización del quiste, tipo de cirugía, tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria, y mortalidad. Los pacientes fueron seguidos de forma clínica y con imágenes por un mínimo de 18 meses. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, con medidas de tendencia central y dispersión. RESULTADOS: Se intervinieron 26 pacientes (53,8% hombres), con una mediana de edad de 41,5 años. Las medianas del diámetro de los quistes, el tiempo quirúrgico y el tiempo de hospitalización fueron 14,5 cm; 65 minutos y 4,5 días, respectivamente. La MPO fue 11,5% (3 casos). No hubo mortalidad. Con una mediana de seguimiento de 94 meses, se verificó una recurrencia de 3,8%. CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados verificados, en términos de MPO, mortalidad y recurrencia son apropiados en comparación a otras series publicadas.


BACKGROUND: Splenic echinococcosis (SE) is usually an asymptomatic disease whose diagnosis is made incidentally. Aim: To determine postoperative morbidity (POM) and recurrence in patients who underwent surgery for SE. METHODS: Case series with follow-up, of patients with SE operated on, consecutively, between 2000 and 2018. The outcome variables were POM and recurrence. Other variables of interest were diameter and location of the cyst, type of surgery, surgical time, hospital stay, and mortality. The patients were followed up clinically and with images for a minimum of 18 months. Descriptive statistics were used, with measures of central tendency and dispersion. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients (53.8% men), with a median age of 41.5 years, underwent surgery in this period. The medians of cysts diameter, surgical time and hospital stay were 14.5 cm, 65 min, and 4.5 days respectively. POM was 11.5% (3 cases). There was no mortality. With a median follow-up of 94 months, a recurrence of 3.8% was verified. CONCLUSION: Verified results, in terms of POM, mortality and recurrence are appropriate in comparison with those of series of similar size and follow-up.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Esplenopatias/cirurgia , Esplenopatias/epidemiologia , Equinococose/cirurgia , Equinococose/epidemiologia , Recidiva , Esplenectomia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Equinococose Hepática , Tempo de Internação
2.
Rev. chil. cir ; 69(3): 230-233, jun. 2017. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-844365

RESUMO

Introducción: La púrpura trombocitopénica idiopática (PTI) es una de las trombocitopenias más frecuentes en adultos. La esplenectomía corresponde a uno de sus tratamientos de segunda línea en pacientes refractarios a otras terapias médicas. Objetivo: Presentar nuestra primera experiencia en esplenectomía laparoscópica en el servicio de cirugía del Hospital Regional de Arica. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión transversal retrospectiva de pacientes con PTI a quienes se les indicó esplenectomía por falla en el tratamiento médico. Se tabularon los exámenes preoperatorios, plaquetas 24 h pre y posquirúrgicas, plaquetas al inicio del estudio (3 meses preoperatorios) y al mes del postoperatorio, complicaciones quirúrgicas y características histopatológicas. Resultados: Se realizaron 5 esplenectomías. El 100% de los pacientes presentaron mejoría a las 24 h de postoperados. Al cabo de un mes, sólo 3 de 5 pacientes tuvieron una mejoría de su trombocitopenia. No hubo complicaciones mayores como hemoperitoneo o fístulas pancreáticas. Un paciente presentó equimosis en un puerto. Conclusiones: La esplenectomía laparoscópica es una técnica factible de realizar en nuestro centro, con una tasa de complicaciones y resultados comparables con centros de mayor volumen.


Introduction: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is one of the most common acquired thrombocytopenia in adults. Splenectomy is as second line treatment in medical refractory patients. Aim: The aim of this study is to present our first initial experience in laparoscopic splenectomy of the surgical department of Arica's local hospital. Materials and methods: This is a transversal prospective review of patients with ITP which splenectomy was performed due medical treatment failure. Preoperative blood test: platelet count at the beginning of the study, 24 h pre op, 24 h post op and a month post surgery were tabulated. Postoperative complications and histopathology characteristics were reported. Results: We performed 5 splenectomies, 100% of the patients presented a recovery platelet count at 24 h postop. In the first month only 3 patients had an improvement of their thrombocytopenia. There were no major complications, like hemoperitoneum or pancreatic leaks, only one patient presented port site ecchymosis. Conclusions: Laparoscopic splenectomy is a feasible technique in our center with a complication rate and outcomes comparable to high volume center.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Laparoscopia/métodos , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/cirurgia , Esplenectomia/métodos , Demografia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 48(3): 314-320, May-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-749879

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION : Bacterial translocation is the invasion of indigenous intestinal bacteria through the gut mucosa to normally sterile tissues and internal organs. Schistosomiasis may cause alterations in the immune system and damage to the intestines, portal system and mesenteric lymph nodes. This study investigated bacterial translocation and alterations in the intestinal microbiota and mucosa in schistosomiasis and splenectomized mice. METHODS : Forty female 35-day-old Swiss Webster mice were divided into the following four groups with 10 animals each: schistosomotic (ESF), splenectomized schistosomotic (ESEF), splenectomized (EF) and control (CF). Infection was achieved by introduction of 50 Schistosoma mansoni (SLM) cercariae through the skin. At 125 days after birth, half of the parasitized and unparasitized mice were subjected to splenectomy. Body weights were recorded for one week after splenectomy; then, the mice were euthanized to study bacterial translocation, microbiota composition and intestinal morphometry. RESULTS : We observed significant reductions in the weight increases in the EF, ESF and ESEF groups. There were increases of at least 1,000 CFU of intestinal microbiota bacteria in these groups compared with the CF. The EF, ESF and ESEF mice showed decreases in the heights and areas of villi and the total villus areas (perimeter). We observed frequent co-infections with various bacterial genera. CONCLUSIONS : The ESEF mice showed a higher degree of sepsis. This finding may be associated with a reduction in the immune response associated with the absence of the spleen and a reduction in nutritional absorption strengthened by both of these factors (Schistosoma infection and splenectomy). .


Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Camundongos , Translocação Bacteriana/fisiologia , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiologia , Schistosoma mansoni , Esquistossomose mansoni/microbiologia , Doença Crônica , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Carga Parasitária , Esplenectomia , Esquistossomose mansoni/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Tempo
4.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-615333

RESUMO

La drepanocitosis es la anemia hemolítica determinada genéticamente más frecuente en el mundo. En Cuba, la frecuencia del estado de portador es del 3,08 por ciento en la población general. La fisiopatología de la oclusión vascular es muy compleja; involucra la polimerización de la Hb S, las alteraciones de la membrana del hematíe, las moléculas de adhesión, las citocinas inflamatorias, los factores de la coagulación y lesiones del endotelio vascular. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes son: las crisis vasooclusivas dolorosas, el síndrome torácico agudo, la crisis de secuestro esplénico, la crisis aplástica, la necrosis aséptica de la cabeza del fémur y la úlcera maleolar. El cuadro clínico es muy variable: desde niños que mueren temprano en la vida hasta pacientes que alcanzan la sexta década de la vida. En el Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología existe un Programa de Atención Integral que incluye: seguimiento sistemático desde temprano en la vida en una consulta especializada, la administración de ácido fólico de forma permanente y de penicilina oral profiláctica los primeros 5 años de la vida; así como la educación del niño y de sus padres. Desde 1986 se realiza esplenectomía parcial en la crisis de secuestro esplénico con excelentes resultados. Entre 2004-2008 fallecieron solamente 16 enfermos en todo el país y en 397 adultos la sobrevida fue de 53 años en la anemia drepanocítica y de 58 en la hemoglobinopatía SC. Como resultado de este programa, en los últimos años la sobrevida ha aumentado, la calidad de vida del paciente ha mejorado y han disminuido los costos invertidos en el tratamiento de las complicaciones


Drepanocytosis is the hemolytic anemia more frequent genetically determined in the world. In Cuba, the frequency of carrier status is of 3,08 percent in general population. The pathophysiology of vascular occlusion is very complex; includes the polymerization of the Hb S, the alterations of red-blood cells, the adhesion molecules, the inflammatory cytokines, the coagulation factors and the lesions of the vascular endothelium. The more frequent clinical manifestations are: painful vaso-occlusive crises, the acute thoracic syndrome, the splenic sequestration crisis, the aplastic crisis, the aseptic necrosis of femur head and malleolar ulcer. The clinical picture is very variable: from children dying early in life up to patients achieve the sixth decade of life. In the Institute of Hematology and Immunology there is an Integral Care Program including: systematic follow-up from early in life in a specialized consultation, permanent administration of folic acid and of prophylactic oral penicillin during the first 5 years of age; as well as the child education and of parents. From 1986 it is carried out the partial splenectomy in crises of splenic sequestration with excellent results. Between 2004-2008 in all the country deceased only 16 patients and in 397 adults the survival rate was of 53 years in the drepanocythemia and of 58 in the SC hemoglobinopathy. As result of this program, in past years the survival has increased, the quality of life of patient improved and the costs spent in treatment of complications has decrease


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Anemia Hemolítica/fisiopatologia , Anemia Hemolítica/genética , Assistência Integral à Saúde/métodos , Esplenectomia/métodos , Hemoglobinopatias/complicações , Educação em Saúde/métodos
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 138(9): 1140-1143, sept. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-572021

RESUMO

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a cause of secondary chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). We report a 43 year old man with mild Hemophilia A, who received blood transfusions during childhood, that consulted for epistaxis and ecchymoses. The laboratory showed a platelet count of 23.000/mm³, positive HCV serology and elevated transaminases. Steroids administered in pulses followed by oral doses resulted in a partial response requiring a second pulse and association of azathioprine. A steroidal diabetes appeared. Given his refractoriness, splenectomy and liver biopsy were performed. He continued on azathioprine maintaining a platelet count near 50.000/mm³ but continued with bleeding episodes. Liver biopsy showed a chronic active hepatitis.


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Hemofilia A/complicações , Hepatite C Crônica/complicações , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/virologia , Contagem de Plaquetas , Carga Viral
6.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 26(1): 33-45, ene.-mar. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-617297

RESUMO

Se evaluó la efectividad de la esplenectomía parcial (EP) en 17 pacientes con esferocitosis hereditaria atendidos en el Instituto de Hematología e Inmunología. La edad al diagnóstico fue de 6,71 ± 5,38 meses. Todos presentaron esplenomegalia. Un paciente presentó litiasis vesicular antes de la intervención. Los criterios para indicar la esplenectomía fueron: requerimientos transfusionales (82,4 por ciento), anemia crónica y esplenomegalia (11,7 por ciento) y esplenomegalia (5,9 por ciento). La edad al momento de la EP fue de 7,0 ± 2,6 años. La hemoglobina (Hb) estaba disminuida en el 94,1 por ciento de los enfermos; los reticulocitos aumentados en el 100 por ciento y la bilirrubina total e indirecta elevada en el 76,5 por ciento y 88,2 por ciento, respectivamente. El promedio de edad actual de los pacientes es de 16,24 ± 4,26 años, con un tiempo de evolución de 9,24 ± 4,47 años. Las variables de laboratorio posoperatorio mostraron incremento significativo de la Hb (p= 4 × 10-9) y disminución de los reticulocitos (p= 0,003). La tendencia en el tiempo de la Hb mantuvo estabilidad de los niveles alcanzados luego de la intervención, en todos los pacientes con más de 10 años de operados, no así para los reticulocitos. Dos pacientes presentaron crecimiento del fragmento esplénico; uno se asoció con mala respuesta clínico-hematológica. No se comprobó sepsis ni complicaciones tromboembólicas con posterioridad al proceder.


The effectiveness of partial splenomegalia (PS) was assessed in 17 patients with hereditary spherocytosis seen in the Hematology and Immunology Institute. Age at diagnosis was of 6.71 ± 5.38 months. All of them had splenomegalia. A patient had vesicular lithiasis before intervention. Criteria to presence of splenomegalia were: transfusion requirements (822.4 percent), chronic anemia and splenomegalia (11.7 percent) and splenomegalia (5.9 percent). Age at moment of PS was of( 7.0 ± 2.6 years). Hemoglobin (Hb) was low in the 94,1 percent of patients; reticulocytes increased in the 100 percent and the total and indirect bilirubin was high in the 76,5 percent and the 88,2 percent, respectively. Current mean age of patients is 16,24 ± 4,26 years with a course time of 9,24 ± 4,47 years. Postoperative laboratory variables showed a significant increase of Hb (p= 4 × 10-9) and a decrease of reticulocytes (p= 0.003). Trend in time of Hb remained stable in levels achieved after intervention in all patients with more than 10 years of operated on, but not for reticulocytes. Two patients showed a growing of splenic fragment; one was associated with a poor clinical-hematological response. There not sepsis or thromboembolism complications after procedure.


Assuntos
Humanos , Anemia Hemolítica Congênita , Esferocitose Hereditária/terapia , Esplenectomia/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento
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