Associação entre problemas para dormir e condições orais em escolares / Association between trouble sleeping and oral conditions among schoolchildren

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the prevalence of self-reported trouble sleeping due to dental problems and its association with oral conditions in schoolchildren. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with a representative sample of 1,589 schoolchildren aged 8-10 years enrolled in public schools from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Non-clinical data included a questionnaire about socioeconomic indicators answered by parents/guardians. Children were questioned about whether they had trouble sleeping due to dental problems and about previous history of toothache. Clinical oral examinations were performed to evaluate dental caries - Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth Index (DMFT/dmft index) and its clinical consequences [PUFA/pufa index: considering the presence of pulpal involvement (P/p); ulceration of tissues due to tooth fragments from decayed crowns (U/u); fistula (F/f); and abscesses (A/a), and traumatic dental injuries (TDI)]. We conducted a descriptive analysis and used adjusted logistic regression models (p<0.05; 95%CI). Results: The prevalence of trouble sleeping due to dental problems was 28%. Children with untreated dental caries (OR 1.32; 95%CI 1.05-1.67) and clinical consequences from the PUFA/pufa index (OR 1.89; 95%CI 1.45-2.46) had higher chances of reporting trouble sleeping due to dental problems. Conclusions: Approximately one-third of the children declared having trouble sleeping due to dental problems. Untreated dental caries and its clinical consequences were associated with self-reported trouble sleeping due to dental problems in schoolchildren.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência de problemas para dormir por motivos dentários autorrelatado e sua associação com condições orais adversas em escolares. Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 1589 escolares de 8 a 10 anos matriculados em escolas públicas de Florianópolis, Brasil. Os dados não clínicos incluíram um questionário sobre indicadores socioeconômicos respondidos pelos pais/cuidadores. As crianças foram questionadas se tinham problemas para dormir por motivos dentários e sobre episódios anteriores de dor de dente. Foram realizados exames clínicos orais para avaliar: cárie dentária - Índice de Dentes Cariados, Perdidos e Obturados (índice CPO-D/ceo-d) - e suas consequências clínicas (índice PUFA/pufa - presença de envolvimento pulpar (P/p); ulceração (U/u); fístula (F/f); e abscessos (A/a) e traumatismo dental (TD). Foram realizados análise descritiva e modelos ajustados de regressão logística (p<0,05; IC95%). Resultados: A prevalência de problemas para dormir por motivos dentários foi de 28%. Crianças com cárie dentária não tratada (OR 1,32; IC95% 1,05-1,67) e presença de índice PUFA/pufa (OR 1,89; IC95% 1,45-2,46) apresentaram maiores chances de relatar problemas para dormir devido a razões dentárias. Conclusões: Aproximadamente, um terço das crianças apresentou problemas para dormir devido a razões dentárias. Cárie dentária não tratada e suas consequências clínicas foram associadas a problemas autorrelatados para dormir por motivos dentários em escolares.

Oral Health of Hospitalized Brazilian Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective:To evaluate the oral health conditions of hospitalized children, as well as describe the knowledge and practices of oral health care adopted by their parents/guardians. Material and Methods:The sample was composed of 46 children who had been hospitalized for at least five days, who had erupted teeth in the oral cavity and were accompanied by their parents/guardians. Information was collected in relation to: theoral health status of children (DMFT/DEF), the socioeconomic profile and access to information on health and oral hygiene of the parents/guardians anddata regarding the hospitalization of the children. The data were analyzed using the Fisher, Pearson's and Mann Whitney's Chi-squared tests, with a confidence level of 95%.Results:47.8% of the hospitalized children had experienced caries, and the most relevant component for the determination of the experience of caries was the presence of decayed teeth (0.50 to 1.94). A total of 97.8% of parents/guardians said they had not received information on oral health and hygiene, 100.0% had not received guidance on the sugar contained in medicines or the salivary decrease caused by the medications. 34.8% of the children did not perform oral hygiene during hospitalization. According to medical records, 58.7% took liquid medication orally. Conclusion:The hospitalized children had precarious oral health conditions, with the occurrence of carious lesions of the teeth. The presence of risk factors for dental caries in hospitalized children was observed (poor oral hygiene, low schooling and income of parents/guardians, limited knowledge of parents/guardians regarding health care and oral hygiene, consumption of medicines with cariogenic potential) (AU).

Sweetness Taste Preference Levels and Their Relationship to the Nutritional and Dental Caries Patterns among Brazilian Preschool Children

Objective: To evaluate the sweetness taste preference levels and their relationship with the nutritional and dental caries patterns among preschool children. Material and Methods: The participants of this cross-sectional study were 191 children aged 4 to 5 years, who were regularly attending public Child Education Centers of a city southern Brazil. Children's preference for sugar was evaluated by the Sweet Preference Inventory; caries prevalence, according to the World Health Organization criteria, and nutritional status, by anthropometric weight and stature measurements, in accordance with child growth standards of the World Health Organization. Results: High levels of sweetness preference were identified. The majority of children (67.5%) opted for the most concentrated sucrose solutions. Excess weight was recorded in 27.7% of the preschoolers. The prevalence of caries was 51.8%, with the mean dmf-t equal to 1.92 (± 2.72) and the decayed (c) component responsible for 94.2% of the index. No significant association between sweetness preference and the nutritional or the oral health patterns could be established. In addition, no association between excess weight and dental caries was identified. The diseases studied were only associated with sociodemographic variables. Excess weight was associated with maternal age (p=0.004) and caries experience with family income (p=0.013). Conclusion: No significant associations could be stablished between the sweetness taste preference and the diseases studied, nor between excess weight and dental caries. However, the findings of high patterns of sweet preference, excess weight and untreated caries experience, highlight the need for the implementation of integrated public policies aimed at controlling both nutritional and of oral health problems in the studied population.

Accuracy of partial protocol to assess prevalence and factors associated with dental caries in schoolchildren between 8-12 years of age / Acurácia de um protocolo parcial para avaliar a prevalência da cárie dentária e fatores associados em escolares entre 8 e 12 anos de idade / Precisión del protocolo parcial para evaluar la prevalencia y factores asociados a la caries dental en escolares entre 8 y 12 años de edad

Abstract: The aim of this study was to test accuracy and reliability of a partial protocol (PP) of oral examination involving the permanent first molars. This cross-sectional study was carried out in two stages. First, a cross-sectional study was performed in a representative sample of 1,211 children using DMFT-index in a full-mouth protocol (FM). A PP was simulated from FM data using only data from the permanent first molars. A second part was performed with 202 children examined by a gold standard examiner (FM) and three dentists using the PP to assess its reliability. Accuracy of PP was assessed by sensitivity/specificity/predictive positive and negative values. Inter-examiner reliability in comparison with gold standard examiner was assessed using weighted kappa. The prevalence of dental caries observed using DMFT index was 32.4% and was 30.2% for PP . The PP presented high sensitivity (93.1%; 95%CI: 91.5-94.5), showing similar magnitude of association's measures for all associated factors investigated. When compared with the gold standard FM examination, all examiners obtained high parameters of sensitivity and specificity (around 90%). Predictive negative values were higher than predictive positive values for the examiners. This study showed that this partial protocol involving the permanent first molars is accurate and reliable as a screening tool to assess dental caries prevalence and associated factors in schoolchildren.

Resumo: O estudo teve como objetivo testar a acurácia e a confiabilidade de um protocolo parcial (PP) para exame oral, envolvendo os primeiros molares permanentes. O estudo transversal foi realizado em duas etapas. Primeiro, foi feito um estudo transversal em uma amostra representativa de 1.211 crianças, usando o índice CPOD com um protocolo de boca completa (BC). O PP foi simulado a partir de dados de BC, usando apenas os dados dos primeiros molares permanentes. A segunda etapa foi realizada em 202 crianças examinadas por um examinador de padrão de ouro (BC) e três odontólogos usando o PP para avaliar a confiabilidade do mesmo. A acurácia do PP foi avaliada pela sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos positivos e negativos. A confiabilidade inter- examinador, comparada com o examinador de padrão de ouro, foi avaliada através do índice kappa ponderado. A prevalência de cárie dentária, medida pelo índice CPOD, foi 32,4%, comparado com 30,2% para o PP. O PP apresentou sensibilidade alta (93,1%; IC95%: 91,5-94,5), com magnitude semelhante nas medidas de associação dos fatores investigados. Quando comparados com o exame de BC (padrão de ouro), todos os examinadores obtiveram níveis altos de sensibilidade e especificidade (em torno de 90%). Os valores preditivos negativos foram mais altos do que os valores preditivos positivos para os examinadores. O estudo mostrou que o protocolo parcial envolvendo os primeiros molares permanentes é acurado e confiável enquanto ferramenta de triagem para avaliar a prevalência de cárie dentária e fatores associados em escolares.

Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue probar la precisión y fiabilidad de un protocolo parcial (PP) de exámenes orales, incluyendo los primeros molares permanentes. Este estudio transversal se llevó a cabo en dos etapas. En primer lugar, se desarrolló un estudio transversal con una muestra representativa de 1.211 niños, usando el DMFT-index en un protocolo para toda la boca (FM por sus siglas en inglés). El PP se simuló con datos del FM, usando solo información de los primeros molares permanentes. La segunda parte se realizó con 202 niños examinados por un examinador ideal (FM) y tres dentistas, usando el PP para evaluar su fiabilidad. La precisión del PP se evaluaron por sensibilidad/especificidad/valores predictivos positivos y negativos. La fiabilidad interexaminadores, en comparación con el examinador ideal, fue evaluada usando un índice kappa ponderado. La prevalencia de caries dental observada, usando el índice DMFT fue de un 32,4% y un 30,2% respecto al PP. El PP presentó una alta sensibilidad (93,1%; IC95%: 91,5-94,5), mostrando una magnitud similar de medidas de asociación para todos los factores asociados investigados. Cuando se comparó con el estándar ideal de examen para la FM, todos los examinadores obtuvieron parámetros altos de sensibilidad y especificidad (sobre un 90%). Los valores predictivos negativos eran más altos que los valores predictivos positivos para los examinadores. Este estudio mostró que este protocolo parcial, incluyendo los primeros molares permanentes, es preciso y fiable como herramienta de detección para evaluar la prevalencia de caries dental y sus factores asociados en niños con edad escolar.

Validade da autopercepção da presença de cárie dentária como teste diagnóstico e fatores associados entre adultos / Validity of self-perceived dental caries as a diagnostic test and associated factors in adults / Validez de la autopercepción de la presencia de caries dental como test diagnóstico y factores asociados entre adultos

Resumo: Objetivou-se investigar a validade da autopercepção da presença da cárie dentária e fatores associados, mediante estudo com 795 adultos (35-44 anos). A variável dependente foi autopercepção da presença da cárie dentária, as independentes reunidas em blocos. Três modelos logísticos foram conduzidos: (1) todos os adultos; (2) adultos com lesões de cárie normativa; e (3) adultos sem tais lesões. A autopercepção da presença da cárie dentária apresentou sensibilidade de 77,7%, especificidade de 58%, acurácia de 65%, valor preditivo positivo de 52% e valor preditivo negativo de 81%. No Modelo 1, a autopercepção da presença da cárie dentária foi associada ao tempo de uso dos serviços odontológicos, acesso à informação, uso de fio dental, lesões normativas, percepção da necessidade de tratamento, dor, insatisfação com a saúde bucal e geral. No Modelo 2, a autopercepção da presença da cárie dentária foi associada ao tempo de uso dos serviços odontológicos, percepção da necessidade de tratamento e insatisfação com a saúde bucal e geral. No Modelo 3, autopercepção da presença da cárie dentária foi associada ao tempo de uso dos serviços odontológicos, acesso à informação, percepção da necessidade de tratamento, insatisfação com a saúde bucal e uso de fio dental. A autopercepção da presença da cárie dentária mostrou utilidade limitada como método de diagnóstico.

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the validity of self-perceived dental caries and associated factors in a sample of 795 adults (35-44 years). The dependent variable was self-perceived dental caries, and the independent variables were combined in blocks. Three logistic models were performed: (1) all adults; (2) adults with a formal diagnosis of caries; and (3) adults without such caries. Self-perceived dental caries showed 77.7% sensitivity, 58% specificity, 65% accuracy, 52% positive predictive value, and 81% negative predictive value. In Model 1, self-perceived dental caries was associated with time of use of dental services, access to information, flossing, formal diagnosis of caries, self-perceived need for treatment, toothache, and dissatisfaction with oral health and general health. In Model 2, self-perceived dental caries was associated with time of use of dental services, self-perceived need for treatment, and dissatisfaction with oral health and general health. In Model 3, self-perceived dental caries was associated with time of use of dental services, access to information, flossing, self-perceived need for treatment, and dissatisfaction with oral health. Self-perceived dental caries showed limited utility as a diagnostic method.

Resumen: Se tuvo como objetivo investigar la validez de la autopercepción de la presencia de la caries dental y factores asociados, mediante un estudio con 795 adultos (35-44 años). La variable dependiente fue autopercepción de la presencia de la caries dental, las independientes se reunieron en bloques. Se realizaron tres modelos logísticos: (1) todos los adultos; (2) adultos con lesiones de caries conforme a la norma; y (3) adultos sin tales lesiones. La autopercepción de la presencia de la caries dental presentó sensibilidad de un 77,7%, especificidad de un 58%, precisión de un 65%, valor predictivo positivo de un 52% y valor predictivo negativo de un 81%. En el Modelo 1, la autopercepción de la presencia de la caries dental se asoció al tiempo de uso de los servicios odontológicos, acceso a la información, uso de hilo dental, lesiones conforme a la norma, percepción de la necesidad de tratamiento, dolor, insatisfacción con la salud bucal y general. En el Modelo 2, la autopercepción de la presencia de la caries dental se asoció al tiempo de uso de los servicios odontológicos, percepción de la necesidad de tratamiento e insatisfacción con la salud bucal y general. En el Modelo 3, la autopercepción de la presencia de la caries dental se asoció al tiempo de uso de los servicios odontológicos, acceso a la información, percepción de la necesidad de tratamiento, insatisfacción con la salud bucal y uso de hilo dental. La autopercepción de la presencia de la caries dental mostró utilidad limitada como método de diagnóstico.

Distribución de caries dental y asociación con variables de protección social en niños de 12 años del partido de Avellaneda, provincia de Buenos Aires / Distribution of dental caries and its association with variables of social protection in children 12 years of age in the county of Avellaneda, Province of Buenos Aires

RESUMEN Diferentes organismos internacionales han planteado la necesidad de un análisis de las condiciones de cada población para la identificación de los grupos e individuos de riesgo como estrategia operacional en la búsqueda de una mayor equidad, eficacia y eficiencia del sistema de salud. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar diferenciales en los perfiles de caries dental en la población escolar del partido de Avellaneda (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina) y su asociación con variables de protección social. En 2014, se realizó un estudio analítico observacional de corte transversal sobre una muestra de 656 escolares de 12 años de 40 escuelas públicas de los ocho distritos del partido (universo = 3580 individuos distribuidos en 70 escuelas). El estado dentario de los escolares de 12 años en las localidades evaluadas mostró una distribución desigual, se identificaron subconjuntos poblacionales con elevada prevalencia, morbilidad y severidad de caries, que requieren focalización de las intervenciones sanitarias. Se observó asociación entre enfermedad desatendida y carencia de protección social.

ABSTRACT Different international organizations have indicated the need to analyze the conditions of each population in order to identify groups and individuals at risk as an operational strategy in pursuit of greater equity, efficacy and efficiency in the health system. The aim of this study was to identify differentials in the dental caries profiles of children attending public schools in the county of Avellaneda (Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina) and their association with variables of social protection. In 2014, an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 656 students 12 years of age from 40 public schools in the 8 county districts (out of a total universe of 3580 individuals distributed in 70 schools). The dental status of 12-year-old schoolchildren living in the localities evaluated showed an unequal distribution; sub-groups with high caries prevalence, morbidity and severity were identified, requiring the targeting of health interventions. An association between untreated disease and lack of social protection was observed.

Estado de salud bucal y factores relacionados en mujeres en situación de prostitución en Medellín (Colombia) / Oral health status and its related factors in a group of women in situation of prostitution in Medellín (Colombia)

Antecedentes: Se requiere analizar la situación de salud bucal en grupos vulnerables desde la perspectiva de los determinantes sociales para establecer estrategias de intervención efectivas. Objetivo: Describir el estado de salud bucal y factores relacionados en un grupo de mujeres en situación de prostitución en la ciudad de Medellin (Colombia). Métodos: Este fue un estudio descriptivo en una muestra por conveniencia de 53 mujeres que ejercen la prostitución. Se aplicó encuesta y examen clínico y se analizaron variables de autopercepción de salud bucal, índice COP-D (cariados, obturados y perdidos), índice de caries significativa (SiC), problemas de articulación temporomandibular (ATM) y estado protésico. Resultados: 88,2 % de las mujeres encuestadas reportaron un mal estado de salud bucal, 81 % se sentían insatisfechas con su estado bucal y 60 % reportó problemas bucales. La prevalencia de caries dental fue del 64 %, con un COP-D de 15,6 (±8,4), y un SiC de 25,5 (±3,6). Se presentaron diferencias en el estado de salud bucal en indicadores clínicos y subjetivos según factores sociodemográficos. Más de tres cuartas partes requerían cambia o realizar nuevas prótesis superiores o inferiores. En casi la mitad se hallaron ruidos articulares en la ATM según evaluación clínica. Conclusiones: El estado de salud bucal según los indicadores analizados es reflejo de las condiciones sociales en que se encuentran estas mujeres. Se encontraron diferencias en los indicadores de salud bucal de acuerdo con diferentes factores sociodemográficos, lo cual sugiere la influencia de los determinantes sociales en las desigualdades en salud bucal.

Background: The analysis of the oral health situation in vulnerable groups from a perspective of social determinants is required to implement effective intervention strategies. Purpose: To describe the oral health status and its related factors in a group of women in situation of prostitution in Medellin (Colombia). Methods: A descriptive study was conducted with a convenience sample of 53 women. A survey and clinical exanimation was earned out. The study analyzed variables related to self-perceived oral health, DTMF Index, Significant Caries Index (SiC), temporomandibular joint problems (TMJ), and the status of fixed/removable prosthesis. Results: 88.2 % of the sun-eyed women reported their oral health status was poor, 81 % of them felt unsatisfied with their mouth, and 60 % reported oral problems. The prevalence of dental caries was 64 %, with a DTMF of 15.6 (± 8.4), and a SiC of 25.5 (± 3.6). There were differences in oral health status in clinical and subjective indicators accordmg to sociodemographic factors. More than three-quarters required changing or making new upper and/or lower partial or fixed dentures. In almost half, articular noises were found in TMJ according to the clinical evaluation. Conclusions: The oral health status, from the basis of the indicators analyzed, reflects the social conditions found in these women. Differences in the oral health indicators were in accordance to sociodemographic factors. This situation suggests that there is an influence of social determinants on oral health inequalities.

Condiciones de salud oral en ancianos del club geriátrico “Abue-Club” en Paraguay / Oral health conditions in elderly of the geriatric club “Abue-Club” in Paraguay

El objetivo del estudio fue describir las condiciones de salud oral en personas mayores de 60 años del club geriátrico “Abue-Club”, Parroquia Virgen de Fátima-Barcequillo-San Lorenzo–Paraguay. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en adultos mayores de 60 años, que incluyó la exploración bucodental, evaluación de saliva post-estímulo y una encuesta para evaluar dieta, hábitos de higiene y acceso a los servicios de salud. El 63,9% de los evaluados era del sexo femenino con una mediana de edad de 72,6 años y en varones 68,8 años. El Índice CPOD total fue 23,4, con una prevalencia de caries activa del 75%. El 33,3% presentó edentulismo total (39,1% en mujeres y 23,1% en hombres). El 83,3% tenía más de la mitad de sus dientes ausentes, con mayor frecuencia en mujeres (86,9%). El 69,4% utilizaba prótesis, de los cuales el 56% usaba prótesis total. La prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal por el Índice de Russel fue de 66,7%; 70,8% con lesiones destructivas óseas y/ó bolsas periodontales. El 89% de la población presentó saliva fluida y 75% en cantidad normal (>1 ml). El 56% de los participantes acudió a un servicio odontológico un año o menos antes del estudio, siendo más frecuente en mujeres (69,5%). El grupo de estudio presentó marcado deterioro de salud oral, caracterizado por el edentulismo parcial y total, con alta frecuencia de uso de prótesis total; por tanto urge la necesidad de promoción de salud, con énfasis en la prevención de pérdidas dentarias y alternativas de rehabilitación protésica.

The objective of the study was to describe the oral health conditions of people over 60years from the geriatric grandparents club, Virgen de Fatima Parish-San LorenzoBarcequillo-Paraguay.It was a cross-sectional study carried out in adults over 60 years,which included oral examination, evaluation of post-stimulus saliva and a survey to assessdiet, oral hygiene and access to health services. Sixty three point nine percent (63.9%) ofthose tested were women with a median age of 72.6 years and 68.8 years for men. Theoverall DMFT index was 23.4, with a prevalence of 75% active caries. Thirty three pointthree (33.3%) were edentulous (39.1% women and 23.1% men) and 83.3% had more thanhalf his teeth missing, which was observed more frequently in women: 86.9%. A prosthesiswas used by 69.4% and 56% had full dentures. The prevalence of periodontal disease byRussel Index was 66.7%, 70.8% with destructive bone lesions and/or periodontal pockets.Eighty nine percent of the population had fluid saliva and 75% normal amount (>1 ml).Fifty six percent (56%) went to dental services one year or less before the study and thiswas more frequent in women (69.5%). The study group showed marked deterioration oftheir oral health, characterized by partial and total edentulism, with high frequency of theuse of a total prosthesis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for health promotion, withemphasis on the prevention of tooth loss and alternatives prosthetic rehabilitation.

Influence of oral health on quality of life in pregnant women

This study evaluated the relationships between oral conditions and oral healthrelated quality of life (OHRQoL), as well as related factors. A crosssectional study was performed on 119 postnatal women who had sought prenatal care during pregnancy in the public health system of São Paulo State, Brazil. The women received oral clinical exams and were interviewed using the questions on the OHIP14. A second survey with information about their socioeconomic status, pregnancy and health habits was administered. The highest OHIP14 scores were found in the area of physical pain, with an average score of 10.6. Average DMFT rate for the population was 12.2 (±6.1), with the majority having DMFT ≥4.5 (89.9%). Most of the women needed some type of dental prosthesis (59.7%), had some type of periodontal disease (90.8%), tooth decay (73.9%), missing teeth (64.7%) and were in need of oral treatment (68.1%). The OHIP14 scores were significantly associated with age (p=0.02), first pregnancy (p<0.001), need for dental prosthesis (p<0.001), presence of dental caries (p<0.001) and missing teeth (p=0.01). In the multivariate analysis, the worst OHRQoL was significantly associated with the presence of caries (p=0.03). The results suggest an association between the worst oral condition and poorer quality of life during pregnancy. This risk group should be prioritized in the health services in order to treat and recover the oral health of pregnant women, promoting better oral health conditions and better quality of life for their children.

O presente estudo avaliou as relações entre condições bucais e o impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de gestantes, bem como fatores relacionados. Um estudo transversal foi realizado em 119 mulheres que, durante a gravidez, tinham procurado atendimento prénatal no sistema público de saúde do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram realizados exames clínicos bucais e as gestantes foram entrevistadas utilizando o questionário OHIP14, forma abreviada, e um segundo inquérito, com informações sobre os seus hábitos de status sócioeconômico, gravidez e saúde foi administrado. As maiores pontuações OHIP14 foram encontrados na área de dor física, com uma pontuação média de 10,6. A taxa média de CPOD para a população foi de 12,2 (± 6,1), com a maioria tendo um CPOD de ≥4.5 (89,9%). A maioria das mulheres precisava de algum tipo de prótese dentária (59,7%), tiveram algum tipo de doença periodontal (90,8%), apresentaram cárie dentária (73,9%), falta de dentes (64,7%) e estavam na necessidade de tratamento odontlógico (68,1% ). Os escores do OHIP14 estiveram significativamente associados com a idade (p = 0,02), primeira gravidez (p <0,001), necessidade de prótese dentária (p <0,001), presença de cárie dentária (p <0,001)) e falta de dentes (p = 0,01). Na análise multivariada, o pior impacto da saúde bucal sobre a qualidade de vida de gestantes esteve significativamente associada com a presença de cárie (p = 0,03). Os resultados sugeriram que a pior condição bucal esteve relacionada com pior qualidade de vida durante a gravidez. Este grupo de risco deve ser priorizado nos serviços de saúde, a fim de tratar e recuperar a saúde bucal destas grávidas, promovendo melhores condições de saúde bucal e da qualidade de vida de seus filhos.

Caries-risk profiles in Italian adults using computer caries assessment system and ICDAS

The aim of this study was to examine the correlation among socio-behavioral factors, caries status and caries risk, calculated through Cariogram, in an adult population. Four hundred eighty subjects (mean age 40.73, SE ± 0.33) randomly selected from the municipal electoral registry consented to participate in the survey. Subjects were examined, and the International Caries Detection Assessment System (ICDAS) index was registered. A highly structured questionnaire was submitted to investigate (1) personal data (i.e., age, gender, educational level, job categorization), (2) life-style behavior (i.e., smoking and dietary habits), and (3) oral health behavior (i.e., tooth brushing, use of fluoride and dental check-up frequency). An evaluation of the mutans streptococci concentration in saliva was also performed. Information on caries-related factors was entered into the Cariogram in order to generate an individual caries risk profile for each subject. Multinomial logistic regression was performed using Cariogram levels as the dependent variable. The possible correlated variables were analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA). Considering ICDAS scores, 5.62% of the sample had at least an initial decay (ICDAS = 1-2), whereas 40.83% of the sample presented at least one moderate decay (ICDAS = 3-4) and 17.08% a severe decay (ICDAS = 5-6). Decay at ICDAS levels 5-6 and more than 5 missing teeth were statistically associated with Cariogram scores (OR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.83–3.03 and OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.13–1.82, respectively). The results suggest that the Cariogram model was able to identify caries-related factors in an adult population. A direct association among the risk categories from Cariogram, the caries status and some socio-behavioral variables was verified.

The impact of social determinants on schoolchildren’s oral health in Brazil

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic status, home environment, and self-perception of health conditions on schoolchildren’s dental caries experience. A total of 515 twelve-year-old schoolchildren from Juiz de Fora, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, were selected into a random multistage sample. The schoolchildren were examined for the presence of caries lesions using the decayed/missing/filled teeth (DMFT) index and categorized as caries-free (DMFT = 0) or with caries experience (DMFT > 0). The participants and their parents were asked to answer a questionnaire about socioeconomic status, home environment, and self-perception of their health conditions. The hierarchical multiple regression model was used to assess the associations, since a binary response variable was assumed. The bivariate analysis revealed that variables at four levels, such as type of school, monthly family income, parents’ education, home ownership, number of people living in the household, household overcrowding, parents’ perception of their children’s oral health, and schoolchildren’s self-perception of their oral health (p < 0.05), were significantly associated with children’s worse dental caries conditions. The regression model results showed that type of school and monthly family income had a strong negative effect on schoolchildren’s dental caries experience (p < 0.05) in the final statistical model, where all levels were included. It was observed that socioeconomic factors were considered a strong risk indicator of schoolchildren’s caries experience among the investigated social determinants of oral health.

Condição dentária e restauradora de pacientes idosos de um Centro de Referência ao Idoso da Zona Norte de São Paulo / Dental status of Brazilian elderly people at a public service in Sao Paulo, Brazil

O número de idosos vem crescendo em todo o mundo devido a um aumento na expectativa de vida e diminuição da taxa de natalidade. Concomitantemente, os avanços da ciência e da tecnologia na área da saúde poderiam contribuir para a manutenção de dentes por períodos mais prolongados, gerando um crescente número de idosos com dentes na boca. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi conhecer a condição dentária e restauradora de pacientes idosos de um centro público que oferece tratamento dentário em São Paulo, Brasil. Materiais e métodos: Foram avaliados pacientes (60 anos ou mais) que compareceram ao serviço de triagem do CRI-Norte. Todos os pacientes foram entrevistados inicialmente (dados pessoais, história odontológica, hábitos de higiene). Pacientes dentados foram submetidos a um exame clínico: dentes perdidos, condição dos dentes e restaurações presentes. Para comparação foram utilizados os testes ANOVA e Qui-quadrado (p<0.05). Resultados: Foram avaliados 177 pacientes desdentados (54%) e 148 dentados, sendo 66% do sexo feminino e 34% masculino. 49,8% possuíam entre 60-69 anos e 63% nasceram na Região Sudeste. 73% dos pacientes não se consultavam com um dentista durante a infância, nem possuíam o hábito de realizar consultas periódicas durante a vida adulta (72%). Pacientes dentados (20%) frequentaram o consultório odontológico mais regularmente que os desdentados (8%). 80% dos pacientes dentados relataram escovar os dentes de 1 a 2 vezes por dia e 64% não fazem uso do fio dental. 32% dos pacientes apresentavam entre 5 e 19 dentes e apenas 6,5% apresentavam mais de 20 dentes na boca. Dentre os pacientes desdentados, 70% eram mulheres e 30% eram homens

O CPOD encontrado foi de 26, com predominância do componente perdido (média=21). Dentes inferiores anteriores são os mais retidos pela população idosa (41%). 14,6% dos dentes avaliados apresentaram lesão cariosa (63% lesões coronárias e 37% radiculares). A face coronária mais atingida por cárie foi a mesial (27%). 33% dos dentes presentes apresentaram restaurações sendo 60% satisfatórias e 40% insatisfatórias. 41% das restaurações de amálgama apresentaram-se satisfatórias com diferença estatística comparada a resina composta (13%). Em relação às faces coronárias restauradas, a oclusal foi a que mais apresentou essa condição (31%). Os pré molares foram os dentes com mais restaurações radiculares (48%). 40% dos pacientes apresentaram lesão cervical não cariosa (54% das lesões ocorreram em dentes anteriores), Pré molares (38%) e incisivos (34%) são os dentes mais atingidos por esse tipo de perda de estrutura. Em relação ao desgaste incisal/oclusal, 73% dos pacientes apresentaram essa condição (98% das lesões ocorreram em dentes anteriores). Conclusão: Conclui-se que no serviço público o número de pacientes idosos totalmente desdentados é relevante. Uma pequena parcela dos pacientes apresenta mais que 20 dentes, sendo que muitas restaurações não apresentam-se satisfatórias. O amálgama é a restauração que mais se manteve satisfatoriamente. Uma maior atenção deve ser dada aos tratamentos realizados e à conservação deles na população idosa

The number of elderly people is increasing all over the world due to increased life expectancy and decreasing birth rate. Simultaneously, the progress of science and technology in health could contribute to the maintenance of teeth in the mouth for longer periods, generating an increasing number of older patients with teeth in the mouth.Objective: Identify the restorative and dental status of elderly patients at a public service in Sao Paulo-Brazil. Methods: Patients (60 years or older) who attended the dental service of CRI-Norte, in São Paulo, Brazil were evaluated. They were submitted to an initial interview which consisted in: personal data, dental history and hygienic habits. Dentate patients were submitted to a clinical examination to evaluate the status of the remaining teeth and conditions of restorations. ANOVA and Chi-square tests (p <0.05) were used for comparison. Results: 177 edentulous and 148 dentate patients were evaluated (66% female and 34% male). 49.8% were 60-69 years old and 65% were born in Southeastern Brazil. 73% had not been to a dental office during childhood and 72% had not regularly been to the dentist's in adult life. 20% of dentate and 8% of edentulous attended a dental office regularly. 80% of dentate brushed their teeth 1-2x per day and 64% did not use dental floss. 32% of patients had 5-19 teeth and 6.5% had over 20 teeth. 41% were anterior mandibular teeth

The number of decayed, missing and filled teeth was 26, with prevalence of missing component (mean =21); 14,6% had caries (37% radicular). 33% of the teeth presented restorations (40% unsatisfactory). 41% of amalgam restorations were satisfactory with statistical difference from composite resin (13%). Pre molars were the most radicular restored teeth (48%) with statistical difference between other teeth. 40% of patients presented non-carious lesions; 73% presented incisal/occlusal wear (98% anterior teeth). Conclusion: The number of edentulous patients is relevant. Few patients have more than 20 teeth, and many restorations are not satisfactory. Amalgam is the material that presented the best survive hability. Greater attention should be given to the performed dental treatments and their conservation in the elderly population, increasing their quality of oral health

Severidade da cárie dentária e fatores associados em escolares da rede pública de Joinville, Santa Catarina / Dental Caries Severity and Associated Factors in Children Attending Public Schools in Joinville, SC, Brazil

Objetivo: Analisar a severidade da cárie na dentição decídua de crianças de 7 anos de idade e fatores associados, em instituições públicas de ensino no município de Joinville-SC.Método: Estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística composta por 360 escolares, estratificada por grupo socioeconômico do entorno escolar. Foram analisadas 15 variáveis, relativas a características socioeconômicas, hábitos dietéticos, de higiene bucal e percepção da doença, associadas ao desfecho, realizados por um examinador clínico calibrado (kappa = 0,90). Os parâmetros utilizados para composição da amostra foram: intervalo de confiança de 95%, prevalência estimada de 34% e erro amostral de 5%. Utilizaram-se testes de proporções para avaliar as diferenças de severidade de cárie dental entre sexos e grupos de escolas. Regressão logística múltipla não condicional foi aplicada para analisar os fatores associados à severidade de cárie.Resultados: A severidade média foi de 2,05 dentes. Análises bivariadas com teste de qui-quadrado foram feitas para definir as variáveis do modelo multivariado. Ao final, foram encontradas associações independentes e significativas para percepção da mãe sobre estado de saúde bucal de seu filho e grupo socioeconômico. A severidade de cárie esteve associada com percepção de alguns (RP=7,94) ou muitos problemas no estado de saúde bucal (RP=27,21) e baixa condição socioeconômica do entorno escolar (RP=2,50). O valor preditivo do modelo para alta severidade foi de 45,7% e para baixa severidade 91,7%. Conclusão: Crianças cujas mães tinham a percepção de que seus filhos apresentavam problemas de cárie e que estudavam em escolas localizadas em regiões de baixa renda apresentaram maior severidade de cárie, o que reitera a importância de se priorizar este grupo mais vulnerável à doença e abre a possibilidade de identificação mais simples para grupos de risco.

Objective: To evaluate dental caries severity and associated factors in the primary dentition of 7-year-old children attending public schools in the city of Joinville, SC, Brazil.Method: This was a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample of 360 schoolchildren, stratified according to the socioeconomic level of the school neighborhood. Fifteen endpoint-associated variables relative to socioeconomic characteristics, dietary habits, oral hygiene practices and perception of caries disease were evaluated by a calibrated clinical examiner (kappa=0.90). The parameters used for sampling were: 95% confidence interval, 34% estimated prevalence and 5% sampling error. Proportion tests were used to evaluate differences in dental caries severity between sexes and among schools. Non-conditional multiple logistic regression was applied to analyze the factors relative to caries severity.Results: The mean severity was 2.05 teeth. Chi-square bivariate analyses were made to define the variables of the multivariate model. At the end, independent and significant associations were found for the mother?s perception of the child?s oral health status and socioeconomic group. Caries severity was related to the perception of some (PR=7.94) or many (PR=27.21) oral health problems of the child and low socioeconomic level of the school neighborhood (PR=2.50). The model?s predictive value was 45.7% for high severity and 91.7% for low severity. Conclusion: Children whose mothers perceived their caries problems and who studied at schools located in low-income neighborhoods presented the highest caries severity, which underscores the importance of giving priority to this more vulnerable group to caries disease and allows for a simpler identification of the risk groups.

Perfil odontológico de pacientes com necessidades especiais assistidos em hospital pediátrico de uma universidade pública brasileira / Dental Profile of Special Needs Patients in a Pediatric Hospital of a Brazilian Public University

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil odontológico dos pacientes com necessidades especiais que são assistidos no ambulatório odontológico em um hospital pediátrico de uma universidade pública. Método: Foi realizado estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, pela análise de 186 prontuários odontológicos dos pacientes com Necessidades Especiais, provenientes do Hospital de Pediatria Professor Heriberto Ferreira Bezerra, Natal/RN. Coletaram-se os dados relativos ao sexo, faixa etária, hábitos parafuncionais, forma de higiene oral, presença de cárie, mancha branca ativa, doença periodontal, e uso de medicação. Os dados foram analisados no programa SPSS por meio da estatística descritiva e analítica. Resultados: Observou-se maior prevalência do sexo masculino (55,9%) e da faixa etária de nove a 11 anos (26,9%). Das necessidades especiais, as mais registradas foram as anomalias congênitas (54,3%) e doenças sistêmicas crônicas (45,7%). Dentre eles, 53,8% usam medicamentos, sendo hormônio 15,6%, vitaminas 12,4%, antibiótico 9,1%, anti-hipertensivo 9,1% e anticonvulsivante 9,1%. Entre os hábitos deletérios, destacaram-se a respiração bucal (41,4%) e a onicofagia (31,2%). A higiene oral é realizada com escova e dentifrício em 96,8% dos pacientes, sendo que o dentifrício com flúor é usado por 78,5% da amostra. O uso do fio dental foi identificado em apenas 12,4% e a condição de higiene oral foi insatisfatória em 86% das PNEs. Constatou-se presença de mancha branca ativa (14%), necessidade de selamento dentário (31,7%) e exodontia (57%). 87,1% dos pacientes apresentam lesões cariosas, 35,5% gengivite, e 29,6% cálculo dentário.Conclusões: As necessidades especiais mais comuns foram fenda labial e/ou palatina, síndrome de Down, diabetes, epilepsia, doença renal crônica e cardiopatia. A respiração bucal é um hábito deletério recorrente. Apesar da utilização de escova dental regularmente e dentifrício fluoretado, a higiene oral é insatisfatória e há alta incidência de cárie, presença de gengivite e necessidade de exodontias múltiplas.

Objective: To outline the dental profile of special needs patients treated in the dental outpatient clinic in a pediatric hospital of a Brazilian public university.Method: A descriptive retrospective study of 186 dental charts of special needs patients referred from the Prof. Heriberto Ferreira Bezerra Pediatric Hospital in Natal, RN, Brazil. Data were collected on sex, age group, parafunctional habits, oral hygiene method, caries, active white spots, periodontal disease and use of medication. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics using the SPSS software.Results: There was prevalence of males (55.9%) and the 9-11 year-old (26.9%) age group. Among the special needs, the most frequent were congenital anomalies (54.3%) and chronic systemic diseases (45.7%). Medication was used by 53.8% of the sample; 15.6% were hormones, 12.4% vitamins, 9.1% antibiotics, 9.1% anti-hypertensive drugs and 9.1% were anticonvulsant drugs. The main deleterious habits were mouth breathing (41.4%) and nail biting (31.2%). Oral hygiene was performed with dentifrice and toothbrushing by 96.8% of the patients and fluoridated dentifrice is used by 78.5% of the subjects. Dental floss was used only by 12.4% and poor oral hygiene conditions were observed in 86% of the special needs patients. The analyses also revealed active white spots (14%), need of restoration by 31.7% and extraction by 57%. As much as 87.1% presented carious lesions, 35.5% presented gingivitis, and 29.6% had dental calculi.Conclusions: The most common special needs were cleft lip/palate, Down syndrome, diabetes, epilepsy, chronic renal disease and cardiopathy. Mouth breathing was a recurrent deleterious habit. Despite regular toothbrushing and use of fluoridated dentifrice, poor oral hygiene was observed and there was a high incidence of caries, presence of gingivitis and need of multiple extractions.

Workers oral health: a cross-sectional study

Adults and elderly usually present an expressive tooth loss in household epidemiologic studies. Few studies were found to report oral health conditions in economically active adults. AIM: To describe the oral health status of adult workers in an extended range age (20-64 years old) of a supermarket chain. METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in a company in the state of São Paulo. A total of 386 workers aged 20 to 64 years old were examined following the guidelines recommended by the World Health Organization (1997) with respect to caries, treatment needs for caries, and need and use of dental prostheses. Age was stratified into groups for analysis. A descriptive analysis was performed and tooth loss rate was calculated. Kruskal Walis and Tukey's tests were used for the evaluation of differences in DMTF and chi-square test was used for treatment needs. RESULTS:The mean DMFT was 14.6 (± 8.3), and differences were found among the 3 groups, mainly due to missing teeth. DMFT was 10.8 (±6.95) in the 20-34year-old group, 19.6 (±6.13) in the 35-44-year-old group and 22.1(±7.32) in the 45-64-yearold group. Significant differences in tooth loss rate were observed between the age groups (tooth loss rate ranged from 18% to 81%). Among the adults, 53.5% had treatment needs for caries. CONCLUSIONS: The younger adult workers in this study showed better oral conditions and an increase in tooth loss was observed in the older individuals. Considering common risk approach, dentistry should work together with health promotion for the studied population of workers in order to meet the oral treatment needs and prevent new tooth losses.

Consumo de macronutrientes en niños preescolares venezolanos con diagnóstico de caries severa en la infancia temprana / Macronutrients consumption by venezuelan preschool children diagnosed with severe early childhood caries

El propósito de este estudio fue determinar el consumo de macronutrientes y calorías en niños preescolares venezolanos con Caries Severa de la Infancia Temprana (CSIT). Para ello, se examinaron 32 niños entre 4 y 5 años de edad con diagnóstico de CSIT, quienes asistieron al Postgrado de Odontología Infantil de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Se consideró un niño con CSIT aquel que presentaba lesiones cariosas, comprometiendo casi todos los dientes, incluyendo los incisivos inferiores, afectando toda la superficie dentaria. Para determinar el consumo de macronutrientes se utilizó una encuesta, en la cual se registró el tipo y cantidad de alimento ingerido durante 24h por tres días. A partir de estos datos se calculó el consumo de proteínas, grasas, hidratos de carbono totales, tipo de hidrato de carbono, así como las calorías provenientes de dichos macronutrientes. Igualmente, se realizó un cuestionario para determinar su condición socioeconómica. Los resultados indicaron que el 100% de los niños evaluados pertenecían a un estrato socioeconómico bajo con un consumo promedio de hidratos de carbono, proteínas, grasas y calorías totales de 151,2± 44,3; 31,5± 9,6; 28,8±10,9 g/día y 962.6±274,4 kcal/día, respectivamente. Al evaluar el tipo de hidrato de carbono los resultados indicaron que los niños consumían dulces retentivos en un 67,7%, dulces sólidos pegajosos en un 20,6% y azúcar en solución en un 11,8%. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en cuanto al consumo de macronutrientes y energía, de acuerdo a la edad y género. Los resultados de este estudio indican que los niños con CSIT evaluados presentaron una baja ingesta de proteínas y un consumo promedio de calorías por debajo de los valores recomendados

The purpose of this study was to determine the intake of macronutrients and the amount of calories consumed by a group of Venezuelan children with severe early childhood caries (in spanish CSIT). For this study, 32 children, 4 and 5 years of age, with severe early childhood caries coming from families with a low social-economical status, were selected. A child with severe early childhood caries was considered when almost all the teeth were affected including the lower incisors. The severe condition indicated that the majority of the surfaces were affected by the diseased. Protein, fat, carbohydrates, type of carbohydrate and total calories consumption of each child were determined over three days using a 24 hours recall method. At the same time a questionnaire to determine the social-economical conditions was implemented. The results showed that 100% of the children came from low social-economical status with an average carbohydrates, proteins, fats and calories consumption of 151.2± 44.3; 31.5± 9.6, 28.8± 10.9 g/day and 962.6± 274.4 Kcal/day, respectively. When the type of carbohydrate was analyzed the result showed that 67.7% children ingested retentive sweet, 20.6% solid sticky sweet and 11.8% sugar in solution. When the macronutrients and calories consumption were evaluated according to age and gender, no differences were observed. The results of this study indicate that the evaluated children presented a low daily intake of proteins and a mean consumption of calorie below the recommended values

Cárie dentária em pré-escolares: associação com fatores sociodemográficos, lócus de controle e atitudes parentais / Tooth decay in preschool: association with sociodemographic factors, locus of control and parental attitudes

A cárie dentária é um sério problema de saúde pública que, independentemente de classe social, afeta grande parte das crianças brasileiras, inclusive pré-escolares, com maior prevalência em grupos de baixo nível socioeconômico. Além do efeito direto sobre a dentição, crianças com cárie podem apresentar crescimento mais lento, peso e altura inferiores aos de mesma idade livres de cárie e a dor das lesões mais severas pode comprometer o sono e o desempenho escolar. Segundo a literatura, fatores de ordem familiar podem interferir na prevalência da patologia, tais como: renda, nível de escolaridade dos pais e moradia. Porém, a falta de padronização dos indicadores não permite comparações dos diferentes estudos. Além das variáveis sociodemográficas, poucos estudos preocuparam-se em identificar o papel de variáveis psicossociais no surgimento de cárie, tais como atitudes paternas frente aos cuidados dentários e o locus de controle em saúde, que avalia a percepção dos pais sobre quem ou o quê controla a determinação da saúde de seu filho. Neste estudo, objetivou-se associar fatores socioeconômicos e psicossociais com a prevalência de cárie dentária em préescolares de cinco anos, moradores da Estância Turística de Avaré-SP, e identificar possíveis fatores de risco e proteção. Avaliou-se a prevalência de cárie, através do índice ceo-d, em 426 crianças matriculadas em escolas particulares e CEI's Municipais. As mães informaram sobre características sociodemográficas da família, responderam a um instrumento sobre atitudes quanto aos cuidados com a saúde bucal e dois questionários para avaliar o locus de controle em relação à sua saúde e à do filho. Os dados receberam tratamento estatístico e os resultados foram discutidos ao nível de 5% de significância. 72,23% das famílias do estudo faziam parte das classes D e E...

Dental caries are a serious public health problem that, regardless of social class, touches most Brazilian children, including preschoolers, with higher occurence on groups of low socioeconomic status. Besides the direct effect on the dentition, children with caries may have slower growth, lower weight and height when compared to the children of the same age that are free of tooth decay. The pain of the most severe damage can compromise sleep and school performance. According to studies, demographic family factors can interfere in the prevalence of the disease, such as income, level of parental education and housing, although the lack of standardization of indicators does not allow comparisons of different studies. In addition to sociodemographic variables, few studies have been concerned with identifying the role of behavioral variables parental psychosocial development of caries, such as parental behavior toward dental care and health locus of control, which assesses the parents perceptions about who or what controls the health of the child. The few studies have found, yet inconclusive results. Objective: This study aimed to associate socioeconomic and psychosocial aspects and behavioral characteristics of their families. with the prevalence of dental caries in five years old preschool children, residents of the tourist city of Avare, SP, and identify possible risk and possible protection factors. We evaluated the prevalence of caries by DMFT, in 426 children enrolled in private schools and CEI's Municipal schools. Mothers reported on sociodemographic characteristics of the family, answered a questionnaire about attitudes to oral health care and two questionnaires to assess locus of control in relation to their health and that of the child...

Condições de saúde bucal de 135 idosos independentes cadastrados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Londrina - PR / Oral health status of 135 independent elderly people enrolled in Basic Health Units in Londrina - PR

Objetivo - Avaliar a prevalência de cárie dentária e edentulismo e investigar sua associação com fatores sociodemográficos em uma amostrade 135 idosos independentes, cadastrados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de Londrina, PR. Métodos - Para avaliação da condição dentária foi utilizado o índice CPO-D, seguindo-se os critérios de diagnóstico definidos pela OMS. As características sociodemográficas foram obtidas através de entrevistas pessoais com os idosos. Na análise estatística dos dados foram utilizados os testes: Qui-quadrado, Mann Whitney e Kruskall Wallis. O nível de significância foi fixado em 5%. Resultados - O índice CPOD médio foi de 27,2 (DP = 6,8), com maior participação dos dentes perdidos, correspondendo a 86,4% dos dentes afetados, seguidos pelos dentes obturados (9,8%) e, por último, pelos cariados (3,8%). Foi detectada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os sexos (p = 0.016), com as mulheres apresentando mais dentes perdidos (componente P = 25,4; DP = 8,1) que os homens (componente P = 20,5; DP = 11,6). A prevalência de edentulismofoi de 45,2% e mostrou-se diretamente associada à idade mais elevada (p = 0,011), menor escolaridade (p = 0,006) e às menores classes econômicas (p = 0,05). Conclusões - Os indicadores sociodemográficos exerceram importante influência nas altas taxas de edentulismo observadas, especialmente, entre os idosos pertencentes às camadas menos privilegiadas da população. O elevado índice de cárie dentária e a alta prevalência de edentulismo evidenciam a precariedade das condições de saúde bucal da amostra estudada e apontam para a necessidade de ações concretas de intervenção curativa e reabilitadora para melhoria das condições de saúde bucal e, em consequência, da qualidade de vida deste sub-grupo populacional.

Objective - Evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and edentulism and to investigate their association with socio-demographic factors in a sample of 135 independent elderly, enrolled in Basic Health Units in Londrina, PR. Methods - The dental status was assessed by the DMFT index, according to WHO guidelines and the sociodemographic characteristics, obtained through personal interviews with the elderly. Datawere analyzed using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests at 5% significance level. Results - The mean DMFT index was 27.2(SD = 6.8), with greater participation of missing teeth, accounting for 86.4% of the affected teeth, followed by filled teeth (9.8%) and, finally, the decayed (3.8%). There was statistical difference between genders (p = 0.016), with women showing more missing teeth (M component= 25.4, SD = 8.1) than men (M component = 20.5, SD = 11.6). The prevalence of edentulism was 45.2% and was directly associated with older age (p = 0.011), lower education (p = 0.006) and lower economic classes (p = 0.05). Conclusions - The socioeconomic indicators exerted important influence in the high rates of edentulism observed, especially among older people belonging to less privileged populations (poor education and low social class). The high rate of caries attack and the high prevalence of edentulism, demonstrated the precarious oral health status of the studied sample and pointed to the need for concrete actions of curative and rehabilitative interventionfor improvement of oral health and, consequently, quality of life of this sub-group.

Cárie dentária em adolescentes em uma região desfavorecida brasileira / Dental caries in adolescents in a disadvantaged area in Brazil

Esta tese tem com foco a manifestação da cárie dentária em uma região carente brasileira. Um estudo ecológico foi desenvolvido para avaliar a associação entre o percentual de exodontias de dentes permanentes em relação aos procedimentos individuais odontológicos realizados no ano de 2007 e os indicadores socioeconômicos e a oferta de serviços odontológicos nos 52 municípios do vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram analisados no programa SPSS 18.0. Foi realizada uma análise fatorial de dezessete variáveis e o teste T de Student foi utilizado para verificar a relação entre os componentes fatoriais formados e a variável dependente, com significância