Serum alkaline phosphatase predicts survival outcomes in patients with skeletal metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: Bone metastasis is frequently associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The diagnosis and follow-up of bone metastatic patients usually relies on skeletal X-ray and bone scintigraphy, which are time-consuming and costly. This study aimed to evaluate whether serum alkaline phosphatase offers clinical value in predicting the clinical response and survival outcome for skeletal metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS: Serum alkaline phosphatase was measured at baseline and then before each cycle of treatment in 416 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with bone metastasis. The correlations between the pre-treatment and post-treatment alkaline phosphatase levels and the treatment efficacy were analyzed using the chi-square test. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and then compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS: Patients with elevated pre-treatment alkaline phosphatase (>110 IU/L) had significantly worse progression-free survival (P<0.001) and overall survival (P<0.001) than those with a normal level of this marker (≤110 IU/L). Patients with elevated post-treatment alkaline phosphatase had worse progression-free survival (P<0.001) and overall survival (P<0.001) compared with those with a normal level. Patients with normal pre-treatment and post-treatment alkaline phosphatase showed the most favorable prognosis. The Cox multivariate analysis revealed that only the pre-treatment and post-treatment alkaline phosphatase levels were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival (HR ϝ 1.656, P<0.001; HR ϝ 2.226, P<0.001) and for overall survival (HR ϝ 1.794, P<0.001; HR ϝ 2.657, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Serum alkaline phosphatase appears to be a significant independent prognostic index in patients with skeletal metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which could reflect the short-term treatment response ...

Preoperative serum albumin as a prognostic factor in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma

Purpose The study evaluated whether preoperative measures of the C-reactive protein-based systemic inflammatory response may predict cancer survival independent of tumor stage in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Materials and Methods Between September 1999 and October 2010, 181 patients submitted to radical nephroureterectomy were available for evaluation. Multivariate survival analyses were performed using Cox’s proportional hazards model and the coefficient for each factor was divided by the highest coefficient, multiplied by 4, and rounded to the nearest integer. Results Multivariate analyses showed that tumor location, pathologic T stage, lymphovascular invasion, margin status, and albumin level were independent contributors. The bootstrap-corrected C statistics of the model were 0.813 for disease-specific survival and 0.755 for overall survival, respectively. For time to disease-specific and overall mortality for patients, integrated area under the curve values were 0.792 and 0.739, respectively. When patients were clustered into three groups according to their model-predicted survival, the 5-year disease-specific survival in the low-, intermediate- and high-risk group was 95.4%, 76.2%, and 36.9%, respectively (p<0.001), and were 87.8%, 54.4%, and 31.8%, respectively, for overall survival (p<0.001). Decision curve analysis revealed that the use of model was associated with net benefit gains relative to the treat-all strategy. Conclusions   Pretreatment albumin is a simple biomarker based on routinely available well-standardized measures, and is not an expensive and time-consuming process. Hypoalbuminemia is an independent marker of poor prognosis in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. .

Valor da varredura com radioiodo em pacientes com carcinoma diferenciado de tireóide de moderado / alto risco com tireoglobulina (sem tiroxina) indetectável após o tratamento inicial / Usefulness of radioiodine scanning in patients with moderate / high risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma in whom thyroglobulin after thyroxin withdrawal is undetectable after initial treatment

Avaliamos 92 pacientes sem anticorpos anti-tireoglobulina (TgAb) com nível de tireoglobulina (Tg) após suspensão de levotiroxina, indetectável (<1ng/ml) 6 a 12 meses após a terapia inicial, e que foram considerados de moderado / alto risco para recorrência pelos critérios: idade >45 anos; tumor maior que 1,5cm; metástases para linfonodos em 43 (46,7 por cento), invasão extratireoideana local em 26 (28,2 por cento) ou metástases distantes em 23 (25 por cento). A varredura de controle foi negativa em 78,2 por cento dos casos e apresentava captação apenas cervical nos demais. Os casos com captação em leito tireoideano, sem recorrência tumoral evidente, não receberam radioiodo e, após 1 ano, a Tg permaneceu indetectável em todos. Em 4/13 não houve captação na nova varredura. Em oposição, mesmo na ausência de captação e com níveis indetectáveis de Tg, 7 pacientes com recorrência diagnosticada pelo ultra-som (US) foram tratados cirurgicamente. US apresentou sensibilidade de 92,8 por cento para doença loco-regional. Este estudo sugere que, mesmo pacientes de moderado / alto risco com TgAb e Tg (sem T4) indetectáveis após a terapia inicial, não requerem varredura com radioiodo e os mesmos podem ser avaliados por US cervical.