Registro multicéntrico impella CP para shock cardiogénico o angioplastía de alto riesgo protegida en Chile / Use of impella CP in high risk coronary angioplasty and cardiogenic shock: a registry

Antecedentes: El Shock Cardiogénico (SC) y las Angioplastías de Alto Riesgo (AAR) están asociadas con altas tasas de mortalidad. El uso del dispositivo Impella CP podría reducir el riesgo de muerte en estos escenarios. En Chile no existen reportes evaluando el uso del dispositivo Impella CP. Objetivo: Analizar los desenlaces clínicos en pacientes que fueron sometidos al uso del dispositivo Impella CP por SC o por AAR. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 17 pacientes, los cuales representan el total de implantes realizados en el país, entre octubre 2021 y agosto 2023. Se describió las características, demográficas, procedimentales y después del implante. Se estimó la mortalidad general y se identificaron factores asociados. Resultados: La edad de los pacientes fue 69± 3,7 años y 88,2% fueron hombres. El 64,7% recibió el dispositivo por SC y 35,3% por AAR. Dentro de las comorbilidades estudiadas, la hipertensión arterial fue la más frecuente, 94,1%. Un 58,8% de los pacientes fueron revascularizados a través de la arteria radial. El 29,4% recibió el dispositivo previo a la angioplastía y 70,6% lo recibió después. El 47,1% de las angioplastías fue guiada por imágenes. En 11,8% de ellos se realizó litotricia intracoronaria y 5,9% por ablación intracoronaria. Los pacientes estuvieron 13 ±3,4 días con el soporte. La mortalidad global fue de 41,2%. Conclusiones: El uso del dispositivo Impella presentó pocas complicaciones vasculares. La mortalidad asociada con su colocación en Chile fue relativamente similar con la reportada en la literatura.

Background: Cardiogenic shock and high-risk Angioplasty are associated with a high mortality rate. Using the Impella CP device could reduce the risk of death in these scenarios. In Chile, there are no studies evaluating the use of the Impella CP device. Objective: To analyse the clinical outcomes in patients who have undergone placement of the Impella CP device for cardiogenic shock and high-risk angioplasties. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 17 patients, which represent the total number of implants performed in the country, between October 2021 and August 2023. The demographic, procedural and post-implant characteristics were described. Overall mortality and associated factors were identified. Results: The age was 69± 3.7 years, where 88.2% were men. 64.7% of patients received the device by SC and 35.3% by AAR. Among the comorbidities studied, arterial hypertension was the most frequent with 94.1%. 58.8% of patients were revascularized through the radial artery. 29.4% of patients received the device before angioplasty and 70.6% received it afterwards. 47.1% of angioplasties were image-guided, 11.8% had intracoronary lithotripsy, and 5.9% had intracoronary ablation. The patients spent 13 ±3.4 days with the support. Overall mortality was 41.2%. Conclusion: use of the Impella device was associated with few vascular complications. Mortality associated with use of the Impella device in Chile was similar to that previously reported in other studies.

Assistência circulatória em choque cardiogênico pós-infarto agudo do miocárdio / Circulatory support in cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction

Em pacientes com insuficiência coronariana aguda e choque cardiogênico, a mortalidade é alta. O dispositivo mais utilizado para suporte hemodinâmico é o balão intra-aórtico que, no entanto, pode ser insuficiente em pacientes com choque cardiogênico refratário. Relato de caso com dois dias de dor precordial opressiva e intensa, irradiada para membro superior esquerdo. ECG com supradesnivelamento anterior. Realizado angioplastia e implante de stent na artéria descendente anterior. Evolução com choque cardiogênico refratário ao uso de drogas vasoativas e balão intra-aórtico. Foram realizadas medidas hemodinâmicas e decidiu-se pela colocação do Impella® 2,5 por via percutânea para assistência circulatória.

Mortality is high in patients with acute coronary failure and cardiogenic shock. The most commonly used device for hemodynamic support is the intra-aortic balloon, which, however, may be insufficient in patients with refractory cardiogenic shock. This is a case report of a patient complaining of two days of intense and oppressive chest pain, radiating to the left arm. The ECG showed ST elevation. The patient was submitted to angioplasty and stent implant in the anterior descending artery and developed cardiogenic shock refractory to vasoactive drugs and intra-aortic balloon. Hemodynamic measures were carried out and we chose to use an Impella 2.5 device, by percutaneous route, for circulatory support.