Evaluación de la calidad de vida en pacientes sometidos a simpaticotomía videotoracoscópica por Hiperhidrosis palmar / Quality of Life Assessment in Patients Who Underwent Videothoracoscopic Sympathicotomy for Palmar Hyperhidrosis

RESUMEN Introducción: La hiperhidrosis es un trastorno primario caracterizado por sudación excesiva, que afecta con mayor frecuencia las palmas de las manos. La enfermedad trae consigo limitaciones que interfieren en las relaciones sociales, laborales, interpersonales y afectivas del individuo, y genera desde etapas tempranas de la vida, afectación psíquica dada fundamentalmente por complejos y disminución de la autoestima. Objetivo: Determinar cómo influye la simpaticotomía videotoracoscópica en el nivel de vida de los pacientes con diagnóstico de Hiperhidrosis palmar. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo de 82 pacientes con diagnóstico de Hiperhidrosis palmar, a los cuales se les realizó Simpaticotomía videotoracoscópica uniportal. Se aplicó la encuesta de Rivas-Milanez que evalúa la calidad de vida antes y después de la cirugía. Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino, el nivel de satisfacción de los pacientes fue del 97,6 por ciento, se presentó sudoración compensatoria en el 34,1 por ciento de los operados y la mejoría de la calidad de vida fue del 93,2 por ciento. La sudoración compensatoria fue bien tolerada en la mayoría de los pacientes. Conclusiones: La simpaticotomía videotoracoscópica en la hiperhidrosis palmar logra mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Hyperhidrosis is a primary disorder characterized by excessive sweating, affecting most frequently the palms of the hands. The disease brings about limitations that interfere in the individual's social, occupational, interpersonal and affective relationships, and produces, from the early stages of life, psychic damage manifested fundamentally through complexes and a decrease in self-esteem. Objective: To determine how videothoracoscopic sympathicotomy influences the living standard of patients diagnosed with palmar hyperhidrosis. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in 82 patients with a diagnosis of palmar hyperhidrosis, who were performed single-port videothoracoscopic sympathicotomy. We applied the Rivas-Milanez survey, which evaluates quality of life before and after surgery. Results: The female sex predominated, the level of satisfaction of the patients was 97.6 percent, compensatory sweating occurred in 34.1 percent of the intervened patients, and improvement of quality of life was 93.2 percent. Compensatory sweating was tolerated well in most patients. Conclusions: Videothoracoscopic sympathicotomy in palmar hyperhidrosis is an adequate treatment for improving the quality of life of patients(AU)

New head-mounted display system applied to endoscopic management of upper urinary tract carcinomas

Purpose We tested a new head-mounted display (HMD) system for surgery on the upper urinary tract. Surgical Technique Four women and one man with abnormal findings in the renal pelvis on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging underwent surgery using this new system. A high definition HMD (Sony, Tokyo, Japan) is connected to a flexible ureteroscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) and the images from the ureteroscope are delivered simultaneously to various participants wearing HMDs. Furthermore, various information in addition to that available through the endoscope, such as the narrow band image, the fluoroscope, input from a video camera mounted on the lead surgeon’s HMD and the vital monitors can be viewed on each HMD. Results Median operative duration and anesthesia time were 53 and 111 minutes, respectively. The ureteroscopic procedures were successfully performed in all cases. There were no notable negative outcomes or incidents (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥1). Conclusion The HMD system offers simultaneous, high-quality magnified imagery in front of the eyes, regardless of head position, to those participating in the endoscopic procedures. This affordable display system also provides various forms of information related to examinations and operations while allowing direct vision and navigated vision. .

Extending boundaries in minimally invasive procedures with simultaneous bilateral video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (veil) for penile cancer: initial Denver health medical center and ABC school of medicine experience and surgical considerations

Purpose To report the surgical technique, procedural outcomes, and feasibility of simultaneous bilateral Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in the management of patients with indication for inguinal lymphadenectomy. Surgical Technique: VEIL was applied in all patients using the oncological landmarks (the adductor longus muscle medially, the sartorius muscle laterally and the inguinal ligament superiorly). A 1.5 cm incision was made 2 cm distally to the lower vertex of the femoral triangle. A second incision was made 2 cm proximally and 6 cm medially. Two 10 mm Hasson trocars were inserted in these incisions and the working space was insufflated with CO2 at 5-15 mmHg. The final trocar was placed 2 cm proximally and 6 cm laterally from the first port. Results: A total of 5 VEIL procedures in 3 patients were performed. Two patients underwent simultaneous bilateral VEIL while another underwent simultaneous bilateral surgery with VEIL on the right and open lymphadenectomy on the left side due to an enlarged node. All laparoscopic procedures were successfully performed without conversion and maintained the oncological templates. One lymphocele occurred in the patient who underwent the open procedure. None of the patients presented with skin necrosis after the procedure. Mean number of nodes retrieved was 6 from each side and 2 patients presented with positive inguinal nodes. After one year of follow-up no recurrences were observed. Conclusion: Simultaneous lymphadenectomy procedures are feasible. Improvement in operative and anesthesia time could decrease the morbidity associated with inguinal lymphadenectomy while maintaining the oncological principles. .

Revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva videoassistida / Minimally-invasive video-assisted coronary-artery bypass grafting

FUNDAMENTO: De um modo geral, as operações estão cada vez menos invasivas e a cirurgia cardíaca começa a seguir por este caminho. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a evolução de cem pacientes submetidos à operação de revascularização do miocárdio minimamente invasiva. MÉTODOS: O acesso ao coração deu-se através de pequena toracotomia lateral no 4º espaço intercostal esquerdo, com 6 cm, iniciando-se ao nível do mamilo. Pelo mesmo espaço intercostal, 3 cm após o término da incisão principal, foi inserida ótica de 6,5 mm com 30º. Nos casos em que a veia safena foi utilizada, o pericárdio foi aberto em cima da aorta e, com uma pressão sistólica de 80 mmhg, foi pinçada parcialmente, sendo a anastomose proximal feita de maneira convencional. As anastomoses distais foram feitas de modo convencional. O procedimento foi realizado sem circulação extracorporal (CEC) com auxílio de ventilação monopulmonar. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 63,9 ± 10,66 anos. Sessenta e oito (68%) eram do sexo masculino. Cinquenta e três (53%) encontravam-se em classe funcional III ou IV. A função do ventrículo esquerdo era normal em cinquenta e três (53%) pacientes. Quarenta e dois (42%) haviam sido submetidos à angioplastia prévia. Foram realizadas 153 anastomoses distais, variando de 1 a 3. O tempo médio de ventilação foi de 4,06 ± 4,08 horas. Dezessete (17%) pacientes apresentaram fibrilação atrial e oito (8%) pneumonias. Houve dois óbitos nesta série. CONCLUSÃO: A revascularização mostrou-se segura, com baixa mortalidade e morbidade. Com novos dispositivos, essa operação poderá ter uma aplicabilidade maior.

BACKGROUND: In general, surgeries currently tend to be less invasive and cardiac surgery has started to follow this trend. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the evolution of one hundred patients undergoing minimally-invasive coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: Access to the heart was attained through a small; 6-cm thoracotomy, located in the 4th left intercostal space, starting at the nipple. Through the same intercostal space, 3 cm after the primary incision, a 6.5-mm optical device was inserted at 30º. Where the saphenous vein was used, the pericardium was opened above the aorta and the latter was partially clamped with a systolic pressure of 80 mmHg, with the proximal anastomosis being carried out in the conventional manner. The distal anastomoses were carried out in the conventional manner. The procedure was performed off-pump using single lung ventilation. RESULTS: The mean age was 63.9 ± 10.66 years. Sixty-eight (68%) patients were males. Fifty-three (53%) were in functional class III or IV. Left ventricular function was normal in fifty-three (53%) patients. Forty-two (42%) had undergone previous angioplasty. A total of 153 anastomoses were performed, ranging from 1 to 3. The average ventilation time was 4.06 ± 4.08 hours. Seventeen (17%) patients had atrial fibrillation and eight (8%) had pneumonia. There were two deaths in this series. CONCLUSION: Revascularization was safe with low mortality and morbidity. With the advent of new devices, this surgery may have a greater applicability.

Common bile duct stones: analysis of the videolaparoscopic surgical treatment / Coledocolitíase: análise do tratamento videolaparoscópico

CONTEXT: About 9% of the Brazilian population has gallstones and the incidence increases significantly with aging. The choledocholithiasis is found around 15% of these patients, and a third to half of these cases presented as asymptomatic. Once the lithiasis in the common bile duct is characterized through intraoperative cholangiography, the laparoscopic surgical exploration can be done through the transcystic way or directly through choledochotomy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results and outcomes of the laparoscopic treatment of common bile duct lithiasis. METHODS: Seventy consecutive patients were evaluated. They prospectively underwent the treatment of the lithiasis in the common bile duct and the exploration ways were compared according to the following parameters: criteria on their indication, success in the clearance, surgical complications. It was verified that about ½ of the choledocholithiasis carriers did not show any expression of predictive factors (clinical antecedents of jaundice and/or acute pancreatitis, compatible sonographic data and the pertaining lab tests). The laparoscopic exploration through the transcystic way is favored when there are no criteria for the practice of primary choledochotomy, which are: lithiasis in the proximal bile duct, large (over 8 mm) or numerous calculi (multiple calculosis). RESULTS: The transcystic way was employed in about 50% of the casuistic and the choledochotomy in about 30%. A high success rate (around 80%) was achieved in the clearance of the common bile duct stones through laparoscopic exploration. The transcystic way, performed without fluoroscopy or choledochoscopy, attained a low rate of success (around 45%), being 10% of those by transpapilar pushing of calculi less than 3 mm. The exploration through choledochotomy, either primary or secondary, if the latter was performed after the transcystic route failure, showed high success rate (around 95%). When the indication to choledochotomy was primary, the necessity for choledochoscopy through choledochotomy to help in the removal of the calculi was 55%. However, when choledochotomy was performed secondarily, in situations where the common bile duct diameter was larger than 6 mm, the use of choledochoscopy with the same purpose involved about 20% of the cases. There was no mortality in this series. CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic exploration of the common bile duct was related to a low rate of morbidity. Therefore, the use of laparoscopy for the treatment of the lithiasis in the common bile duct depends on the criteria for the choice of the best access, making it a safe procedure with very good results.

CONTEXTO: Aproximadamente 9% da população brasileira apresenta colecistolitíase e esta incidência aumenta significativamente com o envelhecimento. A coledocolitíase é encontrada em torno de 15% destes pacientes, e de um terço a metade destes casos apresenta-se de maneira assintomática. Uma vez que a litíase do ducto biliar comum é caracterizada através de colangiografia intra-operatória, a exploração cirúrgica laparoscópica pode ser feita através da via transcística, ou diretamente através de coledocotomia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados do tratamento laparoscópico da coledocolitíase. MÉTODOS: Setenta pacientes foram avaliados prospectivamente. Todos foram submetidos ao tratamento da coledocolitíase por videolaparoscopia, e as formas de exploração foram comparadas de acordo com os seguintes parâmetros: os critérios de sua indicação, o sucesso no clareamento da via biliar, complicações cirúrgicas. A exploração laparoscópica transcística foi favorecida quando não há critérios para a prática de coledocotomia primária, sendo estes litíase do ducto biliar proximal, cálculos grandes (mais de 8 mm) ou calculose múltipla. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que cerca de um terço dos doentes com coledocolitíase não mostraram qualquer expressão de fatores preditivos (antecedentes clínicos de icterícia e/ou pancreatite aguda, suspeita ultrassonográfica ou alterações de testes laboratoriais relacionados à coledocolitíase). A exploração transcística foi empregada em cerca de 50% dos casos e a coledocotomia em cerca de 30%. A depuração da via biliar através da laparoscopia foi alcançada em 80% dos casos. A exploração transcística, realizada sem fluoroscopia ou coledocoscopia, atingiu baixa taxa de sucesso (em torno de 45%), sendo 10% desses casos com passagem transpapilar de cálculos com menos de 3 mm. A exploração por coledocotomia, primária ou secundária, quando esta foi realizada após o insucesso da via transcística, mostrou alta taxa de sucesso (em torno de 95%). Quando a indicação para coledocotomia era primária, a necessidade de visualização direta através da coledocoscopia para ajudar na remoção dos cálculos foi de 55%. No entanto, quando foi realizada coledocotomia secundariamente, nas situações em que o diâmetro do ducto biliar comum foi maior do que 6 mm, o uso de coledocoscópio com o mesmo propósito foi necessário em cerca de 20% dos casos. Não houve mortalidade nesta série. CONCLUSÃO: A exploração laparoscópica da via biliar principal está relacionada com baixa taxa de morbidade. Portanto, o uso da laparoscopia para o tratamento da coledocolitíase depende dos critérios para a escolha do melhor acesso, tornando-se procedimento seguro, com resultados bastante satisfatórios.

Colecistectomía videolaparoscópica de urgencia en el paciente geriátrico / Videolaparoscopy emergency cholecystectomy in the elderly

Objetivo: describir el comportamiento de pacientes con 60 y más años de edad sometidos a colecistectomía videolaparoscópica de urgencia. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo de los 91 pacientes con 60 y más años de edad sometidos a dicho proceder, en el período comprendido desde enero de 2001 hasta diciembre de 2008, en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Lucía Íñiguez Landín de Holguín. Resultados: el paciente geriátrico constituyó el 26 por ciento de los enfermos sometidos a este procedimiento, y más del 70 por ciento correspondió al grupo de la tercera edad (60-75 años), con un predominio del sexo femenino. El 21,9 por ciento de los pacientes presentaba enfermedades asociadas, y fue la hipertensión arterial la más frecuente. La intervención requirió hasta 60 min en el 70,3 por ciento de los pacientes; el índice de conversión fue de 6,5 por ciento, la morbilidad de 3,2 por ciento y la mortalidad de 1 por ciento. Conclusiones: la colecistectomía videolaparoscópica de urgencia en el paciente geriátrico puede realizarse exitosamente(AU)

Objective: to describe the behavior of patients aged 60 and more underwent to videolaparoscopy emergency cholecystectomy. Methods: a retrospective, longitudinal and descriptive study was conducted in 91 patients aged 60 and more underwent to such procedure from January, 2001 to December, 2008 in the general service of Lucía Iñiguez Landín Hospital of Holguín province. Results: elderlies were the 26 percent of patients underwent to this procedure and more than 70 percent correspondent to the third age group (60-75 years) with predominance of female sex. The 21.9 percent of patients had associated diseases where the high blood pressure was the more frequent one. The intervention time was of 60 min in the 70,3 percent of patients; the conversion rate was of 6,5 percent, morbidity was of 3,2 percent and mortality was of 1 percent. Conclusions: emergency videolaparoscopy cholecystectomy in elderly may be successfully done(AU)

Cirugía del hiato esofágico. Abordaje videolaparoscópico / Surgery of esophageal hiatus. Videolaparoscopic approach

Desde comienzos de la década de los 90, la realización de la cirugía del hiato esofágico (tratamiento de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico, de la acalasia esofágica, cirugía denervativa gástrica en el tratamiento de la ulcera duodenal crónica) mediante un abordaje videolaparoscópico, ha logrado una gran difusión y aceptación a nivel mundial. La excelente exposición y visualización de una región anatómica, profundamente situada en el hemiabdomen superior, a lo que se suman las ventajas del abordaje mínimamente invasivo, logrando resultados a corto y mediano plazo comparables a la cirugía convencional explican este fenómeno. Los autores comunican su breve experiencia inicial en esta cirugía y realizan una revisión de la literatura, con especial énfasis en la técnica quirúrgica. Se operaron 23 pacientes: 14 funduplicaturas de Nissen Rossetti, 4 miotomías asociadas a funduplicaturas de diferente tipo y cinco cirugías denervativas gástricas por ulcera duodenal. Hubo 2 conversiones, ambas por perforación esofágica. No hubo complicaciones mayores postoperatorias y la mortalidad fue nula. Los resultados funcionales fueron buenos. Los resultados obtenidos, coincidentes con la bibliografía internacional apoyan la continuación de esta línea de trabajo.

Resultados de la cirugía antirreflujo por videolaparoscopía en 108 pacientes / Videolaparoscopic antireflux surgery results in 108 patients

La cirugía laparoscópica antirreflujo es un procedimiento que puede tener ventajas sobre la cirugía laparotómica, siempre que los resultados sean similares. Objetivos: Evaluar los resultados de un protocolo prospectivo en pacientes con reflujo gastroesofágico crónico patológico (RGCP) sometidos a fundoplicatura y video laparoscopia. Se analizan 108 pacientes en los que se realizó un análisis clínico, endoscópico, manométrico y estudio de pH de 24 h, antes y después de la cirugía. La técnica en todas fue una fundoplicatura de 360º de 4 cm de largo, con cierre del hiatus y una fundoplicatura anterior. No hubo complicaciones intraoperatorias ni mortalidad. En el control alejado, en pacientes con Barrett corto, los resultados fueron buenos pero en Barrett extenso hubo una recidiva del 100 por ciento. En pacientes sin esófago de Barrett, hubo 85 por ciento de Visick I y II a 40 meses plazo. Los resultados de la cirugía laparoscópica son enteramente similares a la cirugía abierta, con evidentes ventajas en el postoperatorio inmediato