Días de hospitalización por colitis ulcerosa y enfermedad de Crohn según sexo entre los años 2018-2021, Chile / Chile hospital length of stay due to ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease according to sex between the years 2018-2021, Chile

Introducción: La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII), como la Enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y la Colitis Ulcerosa (CU), ha experimentado un aumento en las tasas de egreso hospitalario en países en vías de desarrollo, generando una carga adicional a los sistemas de salud y, por ende, mayores costos. Actualmente, en Chile, no se disponen de datos sobre la incidencia y prevalencia de estas enfermedades. Objetivo: Analizar las tasas de egreso hospitalario por CU y EC entre los años 2018-2021 en Chile según el Departamento de Estadística e Información en Salud (DEIS). Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y ecológico. Se utilizó una muestra de 9.109 sujetos, de todos los rangos etarios, hospitalizados con diagnóstico de EC y CU entre 2018-2021. La base de datos se obtuvo del DEIS. No se necesitó aprobación por comité de ética. Resultados: Entre los años 2018-2021, la tasa de egreso hospitalario de CU (9,08) fue mayor que la EC (3,88). Entre 2019-2020 se presentó la mayor caída de las tasas con un descenso de 1,10 para EC y 1,49 para CU. Las mujeres tuvieron una mayor tasa general en ambas enfermedades (4,15 para EC y 10,04 para CU). Las mujeres con EC presentaron una mayor estadía hospitalaria con un promedio de 8,69 días. Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos actualizan la situación epidemiológica nacional respecto a los días de hospitalización por CU y EC, y podrían contribuir a cuantificar los costos de la EII para generar políticas de salud pública.

Introduction: In developing countries, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) has seen an increase in hospital discharge rates, causing an overload on healthcare systems and higher costs. Currently, in Chile, there is no available data on the incidence and prevalence of these diseases. Objective: This study aimed to analyze UC and CD hospital discharges in Chile between the years 2018-2021 according to the Department of Health Statistics and Information (DEIS). Materials and methods: Descriptive, observational, and ecological study. The sample included 9,109 subjects of all age ranges, hospitalized with CD and UC diagnoses between 2018-2021. The database was obtained from DEIS. Ethics committee approval was not required. Results: Between 2018-2021, the hospital discharge rate for UC was higher than for CD. The most significant rate drop occurred between 2019-2020, with a decrease of 1.10 for CD and 1.49 for UC. Women had the highest rates in both diseases (4.15 for CD and 10.04 for UC). Women with CD presented a longer hospital stay, with an average of 8.69 days. Conclusion: The obtained data provide updated information on the national epidemiological situation regarding hospital length of stay due to UC and CD, and could contribute to measuring IBD costs for the creation of public health policies.

Colitis ulcerativa extensa severa presentación caso / Severe extensive ulcerative colitis. Case presentation

RESUMEN La colitis ulcerativa es una enfermedad crónica recidivante del tracto gastrointestinal, que evoluciona por recaídas formando parte de las enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales (EII). Afecta la mucosa y submucosa del colon, caracterizada por un proceso ulcerativo y supurado de la mucosa. La diarrea crónica con sangre es el síntoma más importante. En su curso alternan periodos de remisión y de crisis. No existe un criterio patognomónico para su definición, su diagnóstico se basa en una serie de criterios clínicos, endoscópicos e histológicos. Esta entidad infrecuente en su forma extensa severa. Aparece en un paciente, que llega a la institución de salud refiriendo que hace aproximadamente dos años, presenta cuadros de diarreas intermitentes con sangre, tratadas en el área de salud. Se le realizó Rx y colonoscopia constatando presencia de eritema, granularidad mucosa, friabilidad, pérdida de la vascularización submucosa, erosiones y ulceraciones extensas, profundas, signos de edema, pseudopólipos, pérdida de haustras, rigidez, sangrado, tractos fibrosos y presencia de exudado luminal. Se diagnosticó colitis extensa ulcerativa severa y se orientó tratamiento médico endovenoso y se continuó por via oral, obteniendo la remisión del cuadro clínico desde el punto de vista clínico y endoscópico (AU).

ABSTRACT Ulcerative colitis is a chronic recidivist disease of the gastrointestinal tract, evolving by relapses and is one of the intestinal inflammatory diseases. It affects the colon mucosa and sub-mucosa, characterized for an ulcerative process and mucosa exudation. Chronic diarrhea with blood is the most important symptom. Periods of crisis and remission alternated in its course; there is not a pathognomonic criteria for its definition and its diagnosis is based in a series of clinical, endoscopic and histological criteria. This entity, infrequent in extensive severe form, appears in a patient arriving to the hospital referring having intermittent diarrheas with blood for two years, treated in the health area. He undergone a radiography and colonoscopy, showing the presence of an erythema, mucosa granularity, friability, lost of submucosa vascularization, deep extensive erosions and ulcerations, edema signs, pseudo polyps, haustras lost, stiffness, bleeding, fibrous tracts and presence of luminal exudates. Severe ulcerative extensive colitis was diagnosed and was prescribed an endovenous medical treatment, continued orally, achieving the disease remission from the clinical and endoscopic point of view (AU).

Impacto do afastamento do trabalho por doenças inflamatórias intestinais no Brasil / Impact of work disability due to inflammatory bowel diseases in Brazil

As doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII) podem ter impactos sociais e econômicos no Brasil, onde sua prevalência aumentou recentemente. Este estudo tem como objetivo principal avaliar a incapacidade por DII na população brasileira, descrevendo proporções com fatores demográficos e como objetivo secundário, a avaliação de possíveis fatores de risco de afastamento do trabalho por Doença de Crohn (DC) em um centro de referência em DII da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), cujo resultado pode refletir outras regiões do país. A análise foi realizada utilizando-se a plataforma do Sistema Único de Informações sobre Benefícios da Previdência Social, com um primeiro cruzamento de dados de auxílios doença e aposentadorias por invalidez com DC e Retocolite Ulcerativa (RCU) entre 2010-2014. Dados adicionais como valores médios de benefícios, duração do benefício, idade, sexo e região foram obtidos através da mesma plataforma. Um segundo cruzamento entre auxílios doença e aposentadorias por invalidez foi feito somente para DC entre 2010-2018 no estado do Rio de Janeiro e foram pesquisados os mesmos dados adicionais. Uma subanálise foi realizada nos casos de incapacidade em comum com os pacientes com DC da UERJ, para avaliação das características que teriam maior chance de atuar como fator de risco para afastamento do trabalho, se comparando com a população de DC desse ambulatório que não teve afastamento pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS). No Brasil, a incapacidade temporária ocorreu com maior frequência na RCU enquanto a permanente na DC. A DC afastou pacientes mais jovens que a RCU e ambas mais mulheres que homens. As ausências temporárias do trabalho por DC e RCU foram maiores no Sul e as menores ausências por DC foram observadas no Norte e Nordeste. A média de dias de incapacidade foi longa, de quase um ano, sendo maiores na DC em comparação à RCU, porém ambos tenderam a diminuir de 2010 à 2014. O valor dos benefícios pagos pelas DII representou aproximadamente 1% de todos os benefícios da mesma natureza no país, sendo 51% dos gastos com DC. No RJ, a prevalência da DC foi de 26 por 100.000/habitantes, com custo indireto de 0,8% dos benefícios totais, apresentando taxa de 16,6% de incapacidade, similar a encontrada no grupo de pacientes da UERJ. Os fatores de risco de incapacidade por DC na UERJ foram idade menor que 40 anos a época do diagnóstico, tempo de duração da doença, cirurgia intestinal prévia e fístula anovaginal. Dos afastados, 19% apresentaram depressão ou ansiedade associados. A média de tempo entre o diagnóstico de DC e a incapacidade foi de 3 anos. No Brasil, as DII frequentemente causam incapacidade prolongada e podem gerar aposentadorias precoces, com programas de reabilitação profissional ainda pouco explorados. As tendências de redução das taxas de incapacidade no Brasil podem refletir melhorias no acesso a cuidados de saúde e a medicamentos. Os custos indiretos baseados apenas no absenteísmo em empregos foram significativos e a demonstração desse impacto socioeconômico e de fatores de risco de incapacidade podem auxiliar no planejamento de políticas públicas para o país.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) can lead to Brazil's social and economic impacts, where their prevalence has recently increased. This study's main objective is to evaluate the disability due to IBD in the Brazilian population describing proportions with demographic factors. Secondly, it assesses possible risk factors of absence from work due to Crohn's disease (CD) in a referral center of IBD of the State University of RJ (UERJ), which results may reflect other regions of the country. The analysis was performed using the Unified Social Security Benefits Information System platform, with the first crossing of data on sickness benefits and disability pensions with CD and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) between 2010- 2014. Additional data, such as average benefit values, benefit duration, age, sex, and region of the country, were obtained through the same platform. A second crossing between sickness benefits and disability pensions was made only for CD between 2010-2018 in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ) for the evaluation of the same additional data. A subanalysis was made in cases of CD disability in common with patients at UERJ, to assess the characteristics that would have a greater chance as a risk factor for absence from work, compared to the population of CD of this clinic that had no disability by the Institute National Social Security (INSS). In Brazil, temporary disability occurred more frequently in the UC while the permanent one in CD. Disability occurred in patients with CD younger than UC and both more in women than in men. Temporary absences from work due to CD and UC were more significant in the South, and the lowest absences due to CD were observed in the North and Northeast. The average number of days of disability was long, almost one year, being higher in CD than in UC, but both tended to decrease from 2010 to 2014. IBD's benefits represented approximately 1% of all the benefits of sickness in the country, with 51% of DC spending. In RJ, the prevalence of CD was 26 per 100,000 / inhabitants, with an indirect cost of 0.8% of total benefits, with a rate of 16.6% of disability, similar to that found in the group of patients at UERJ. The risk factors for CD disability in UERJ were age under 40 at the time of diagnosis, duration of the disease, previous intestinal surgery, and anovaginal fistula. Of those on absence from work 19% had associated depression or anxiety. The average time between the diagnosis of CD and disability was three years. In Brazil, IBDs often cause prolonged disability and can lead to early retirements, with professional rehabilitation programs still little explored. Trends in the reduction of disability rates in Brazil may reflect improvements in access to healthcare and medicines. The indirect costs with IBD in Brazil, based only in absenteeism, were significant, and demonstrating this socioeconomic impact and risk factors for disability can help plan public policies for the country.

Deficiência de vitamina D entre pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal na Argentina: um estudo transversal / Vitamin d deficiency among inflammatorybowel disease patients in argentina: a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: An association has been established between low serum values of vitamin D and inflammatory bowel disease. There is a lack of evidence on whether this association is still observed in regions where sun exposure throughout the year is higher. OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency between inflammatory bowel disease patients and healthy controls. METHODS: Inflammatory bowel disease patients were consecutively enrolled as cases. Age and gender-matched healthy subjects who agreed to undertake a determination of serum vitamin D were enrolled as controls. Demographic features, medical treatment, need for hospital admission at diagnosis, steroid treatment, smoking, need for surgical treatment were evaluated as factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. RESULTS: Overall, 59 patients with a diagnosis of either Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis were enrolled, as well as 56 controls. Median age was 41 years (19-79) and 56% were male. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 66.1% of inflammatory bowel disease patients versus 21.42% of healthy controls (OR 7.15 (3.1-16.48), P=0.001). Among inflammatory bowel disease patients, male gender, disease duration, moderate-to-severe disease and hospital admission at the moment of diagnosis were found to be associated with vitamin D deficiency. On multivariate analysis, only longer disease duration [(OR 1.01 (1-1.06)] and hospital admission at diagnosis [(OR 5.63 (1.01-31.61)] were found to be significantly associated with the latter. CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency was more frequent among inflammatory bowel disease patients. Longer disease duration and need for hospital admission at diagnosis were associated to vitamin D deficiency among these patients.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: Uma associação foi estabelecida entre os baixos valores séricos de vitamina D e doença inflamatória intestinal. Falta evidência se esta associação ainda é observada em regiões onde a exposição ao sol durante todo o ano é maior. OBJETIVO: Comparar a prevalência de deficiência de vitamina D entre pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal e indivíduos controles saudáveis. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal foram consecutivamente selecionados. Indivíduos saudáveis combinados da mesma idade e gênero que concordaram em fornecer uma determinação da vitamina D do soro foram considerados como controles. Características demográficas, tratamento médico, necessidade de admissão hospitalar no diagnóstico, tratamento de esteroides, tabagismo, necessidade de tratamento cirúrgico foram avaliados como fatores associados à deficiência de vitamina D. RESULTADOS: No geral, 59 pacientes com diagnóstico de doença de Crohn ou colite ulcerosa foram observados, bem como 56 controles. A idade mediana era de 41 anos (19-79) e 56% eram do sexo masculino. A deficiência de vitamina D foi observada em 66,1% dos pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal versus 21,42% dos controles saudáveis (OR 7,15 (3.1-16.48), P=0,001). Entre os pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal, sexo masculino, duração da doença, doença de moderada a severa e admissão hospitalar no momento do diagnóstico foram associados com a deficiência de vitamina D. Na análise multivariada, apenas a duração da doença [(OR 1; 1 (1-1,06)] e a admissão hospitalar no diagnóstico [(OR 5,63 (1,01-31,61)] foram encontradas significativamente associadas ao último. CONCLUSÃO: A deficiência de vitamina D foi mais frequente entre os pacientes com doença inflamatória intestinal. Maior duração da doença e necessidade de admissão hospitalar no diagnóstico foram associadas à deficiência de vitamina D entre esses pacientes.

Registro prospectivo durante un año de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en población pediátrica argentina / One-year prospective registry of inflammatory bowel disease in the Argentine pediatric population

Introducción. La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) comprende la colitis ulcerosa (CU) y la enfermedad de Crohn (EC). Su diagnóstico es cada vez más frecuente en pediatría y la incidencia es desconocida en Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la incidencia anual de EII en menores de 18 años de nuestro país, los aspectos epidemiológicos y las formas clínicas de presentación. Población y métodos. Estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico y observacional que abarcó todo el territorio nacional. Se incluyeron menores de 18 años con diagnóstico de EII de centros públicos y privados entre el 1/6/2012 y el 31/5/2013, a través de protocolo en la web. Resultados. Participaron 17 centros, y se registraron 50 pacientes en 10 centros. La incidencia fue 0, 4/100 000 < 18 años; EC, 20; CU, 25; y EII no clasificable, 5. Distribución según sexo: 26 varones y 24 mujeres. La edad media al momento del diagnóstico fue de 9, 7 años y la demora diagnóstica, de 16, 5 meses. Los síntomas y signos más frecuentes fueron diarrea crónica con sangre y/o moco, dolor abdominal y adelgazamiento. El retraso del crecimiento fue menor de lo esperado. Las manifestaciones extraintestinales se presentaron en el 24% en CU y en el 25% en EC. La localización más frecuente en EC fue ileocolónica, y, en CU, pancolónica. No se observó CU con formas graves. Conclusiones. La incidencia fue menor que la reportada por otros registros. Se considera conveniente la creación de un registro permanente, que no solo permita conocer la incidencia, sino también servir de apoyo a los centros referentes que diagnostican y tratan esta patología.

Introduction. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). IBD diagnosis has become increasingly common in pediatrics but its incidence is unknown in Argentina. The objective of this study was to determine the annual incidence of IBD in children and adolescents younger than 18 years in Argentina, its epidemiological aspects, and clinical presentations. Population and methods. Prospective, observational, multicenter study conducted in Argentina. Children and adolescents younger than 18 years from public and private facilities, diagnosed with IBD between June 1st, 2012 and May 31st, 2013 were included via a web protocol. Results. Seventeen sites participated in the study; 50 patients were recruited from 10 sites. IBD incidence was 0.4/100 000 among individuals <18 years; CD, 20; UC, 25; and idiopathic IBD, 5. Distribution by sex: 26 boys and 24 girls. Patients' mean age at diagnosis was 9.7 years, and delay in the diagnosis was 16.5 months. The most common symptoms and signs were chronic diarrhea with blood and/or mucus, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Growth retardation was less common than expected. Extraintestinal manifestations were observed in 24% of UC cases and in 25% of CD cases. The most common location of CD was the ileum and colon, and of UC was the entire colon (pancolonic). There were no cases with severe UC. Conclusions. The incidence was lower than that reported in other registries. We recommend the development of an ongoing registry, to establish the incidence of IBD, but also to serve as backup for referring facilities where this disease is diagnosed and treated.

Anemia in inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence, differential diagnosis and association with clinical and laboratory variables / Anemia na doença inflamatória intestinal: prevalência, diagnóstico diferencial e associação com variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Anemia is the most frequent extraintestinal complication of inflammatory bowel disease. This study aimed to: 1) determine the prevalence of anemia among patients with inflammatory bowel disease; 2) investigate whether routine laboratory markers are useful for diagnosing anemia; and 3) evaluate whether any association exists between anemia and clinical/laboratory variables. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional at a federal university. METHODS: 44 outpatients with Crohn's disease and 55 with ulcerative colitis were evaluated. Clinical variables (disease activity index, location of disease and pharmacological treatment) and laboratory variables (blood count, iron laboratory, vitamin B12 and folic acid) were investigated. RESULTS: Anemia and/or iron laboratory disorders were present in 75% of the patients with Crohn's disease and in 78.2% with ulcerative colitis. Anemia was observed in 20.5% of the patients with Crohn's disease and in 23.6% with ulcerative colitis. Iron-deficiency anemia was highly prevalent in patients with Crohn's disease (69.6%) and ulcerative colitis (76.7%). Anemia of chronic disease in combination with iron deficiency anemia was present in 3% of the patients with Crohn's disease and in 7% of the patients with ulcerative colitis. There was no association between anemia and disease location. In ulcerative colitis, anemia was associated with the disease activity index. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients present iron laboratory disorders, with or without anemia, mainly due to iron deficiency. The differential diagnosis between the two most prevalent types of anemia was made based on clinical data and routine laboratory tests. In ulcerative colitis, anemia was associated with the disease activity index. .

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVOS: Anemia é a mais frequente complicação extraintestinal na doença inflamatória intestinal. Este estudo objetivou: 1) determinar a prevalência de anemia em portadores de doença inflamatória intestinal; 2) investigar se os marcadores laboratoriais de uso rotineiro são úteis para o diagnóstico da anemia; 3) avaliar se existe associação entre anemia e variáveis clínico-laboratoriais. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal em uma universidade federal. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 44 pacientes ambulatoriais com doença de Crohn e 55 com retocolite ulcerativa. Foram investigados aspectos clínicos (índice de atividade da doença, localização da doença e tratamento farmacológico) e laboratoriais (hemograma, ferrocinética, vitamina B12 e ácido fólico). RESULTADOS: Anemia e/ou anormalidades na ferrocinética estavam presentes em 75% dos pacientes com doença de Crohn e em 78,2% dos pacientes com retocolite. Anemia foi observada em 20,5% do grupo com doença de Crohn e em 23,6% do grupo com retocolite. Anemia por deficiência de ferro predominou entre os pacientes com doença de Crohn (69,6%) e com retocolite (76,7%). Anemia de doença crônica associada à anemia ferropriva estava presente em 3% dos pacientes com doença de Crohn e em 7% daqueles com retocolite. Na retocolite, a anemia estava associada com o índice de atividade da doença. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos pacientes apresentava alterações na ferrocinética com ou sem anemia, principalmente decorrente da ferropenia. O diagnóstico diferencial entre os dois tipos mais prevalentes de anemia foi baseado nos dados clínicos e nos testes laboratoriais de rotina. Anemia estava associada com o índice de atividade na retocolite. .

Intestinal and xxtraintestinal neoplasia in patents with inflammatory bowel diisease in a tertiary care hospital

Context The development of neoplasia is an important concern associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially colorectal cancer (CRC). Objectives Our aim was to determine the incidence of intestinal and extraintestinal neoplasias among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods There were retrieved information from 1607 patients regarding demographics, disease duration and extent, temporal relationship between IBD diagnosis and neoplasia, clinical outcomes and risk factors for neoplasia. Results Crohn's disease (CD) was more frequent among women (P = 0.0018). The incidence of neoplasia was higher in ulcerative colitis (UC) when compared to CD (P = 0.0003). Eight (0.99%) patients developed neoplasia among 804 with CD: 4 colorectal cancer, 2 lymphomas, 1 appendix carcinoid and 1 breast cancer. Thirty (3.7%) patients developed neoplasia among the 803 UC: 13 CRC, 2 lymphomas and 15 extraintestinal tumors. While CRC incidence was not different among UC and CD (1.7% vs 0.5%; P = 0.2953), the incidence of extraintestinal neoplasias was higher among UC (2.1% vs 0.5%, P = 0.0009). Ten (26.3%) patients out of 38 with neoplasia died. Conclusions CRC incidence was low and similar in both diseases. There was a higher incidence of extraintestinal neoplasia in UC when compared to CD. Neoplasias in IBD developed at a younger age than expected for the general population. Mortality associated with malignancy is significant, affecting 1/4 of the patients with neoplasia. .

Contexto O desenvolvimento de neoplasias se constitui em preocupação constante em pacientes com doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII), especialmente o câncer colorretal (CCR). Objetivos Determinar a incidência de neoplasias intestinais e extra-intestinais entre pacientes com DII. Métodos Foram obtidas informações de 1607 pacientes, quanto a dados demográficos, duração e extensão da doença, relação temporal entre diagnóstico das DII e neoplasia, evolução clínica e fatores de risco para neoplasia. Resultados Doença de Crohn (DC) foi mais frequente entre as mulheres (P = 0.0018). A incidência de neoplasia foi maior nos doentes com retocolite ulcerativa (RCU) em relação aos com DC (P = 0.0003). Oito (0.99%) pacientes desenvolveram neoplasia entre 804 com DC: quatro tumores colorretais, dois linfomas, um carcinóide de apêndice e um câncer de mama. Trinta (3.7%) pacientes desenvolveram neoplasia entre os 803 RCU: 13 CCR, 2 linfomas e 15 tumores extra-intestinais. Enquanto a incidência de CCR não diferiu entre RCU e DC (1.7% vs 0.5%; P = 0.2953), a incidência de neoplasias extraintestinais foi maior na RCU (2.1% vs 0.5%, P = 0.0009). Dez (26.3%) pacientes de um total de 38 com neoplasia, evoluíram a óbito durante o seguimento. Conclusões A incidência de CCR foi baixa e similar em ambas as doenças inflamatórias. Observou-se incidência maior de neoplasia extra-intestinal na RCU quando comparada à DC. Neoplasias em doenças inflamatórias se desenvolveram em idade mais precoce do que a esperada para a população geral. A mortalidade associada a neoplasias é significativa, afetando 1/4 dos pacientes. .

Incidence and prevalence rates of inflammatory bowel diseases, in midwestern of São Paulo State, Brazil / Incidência e prevalência das doenças inflamatórias intestinais na região centro-oeste do Estado de São Paulo

CONTEXT:The incidence and populational prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases, hitherto unknown in Brazil, were estimated for a region in the Midwest of São Paulo State, Brazil. METHODS: Using a sequential registry of 115 adult patients (>15 years old) with inflammatory bowel diseases - exclusively residing in the studied region with 533,508 inhabitants (2005) and attended at the reference hospital during a 20 year interval (1986-2005) - were estimated, in four consecutives periods of 5 years each, the incidences according to gender, type of the disease and the prevalence of these diseases, and its inner-relations evaluated by the Poisson regression model. RESULTS: The inflammatory bowel diseases in the studied region predominated among young, white race and people living in urban area, and the incidence on the female population rose during this period. The incidence of ulcerative colitis were higher than Crohn's disease and non-classified colitis, and showed a progressive increase in the first three periods with a decrease in the last one (2001-2005), where the observed rates of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and non-classified colitis were 4.48, 3.50 and 1.75 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with prevalence of 22.61, 14.81, 5.65, 2.14 cases/100,000 inhabitants for total inflammatory bowel diseases. CONCLUSION: The inflammatory bowel diseases incidence in the studied area was as low as in other countries of Latin America and smaller than that found in countries of South Europe. The crescent prevalence justifies the policies to adequate medical cares for inflammatory bowel diseases patients in this area.

CONTEXTO: No Brasil, a incidência e prevalência populacionais das doenças inflamatórias intestinais são desconhecidas. OBJETIVO: Neste trabalho, estimou-se esses parâmetros na área que abrange a antiga região de saúde DIR 11, no centro-oeste do Estado de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Usou-se um registro sequencial de 115 pacientes (>15 anos de idade) com doenças inflamatórias intestinais, residindo na área de estudo, atendidos durante período de 20 anos (1986-2005) em hospital de referência. Estimou-se, para quatro períodos consecutivos de 5 anos, as incidências e prevalências de acordo com os tipos de doença e do sexo de doentes. As suas inter-relações foram analisadas utilizando o modelo de regressão linear de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Na região, as doenças inflamatórias intestinais foram predominantes em mulheres jovens, da raça branca, residindo na zona urbana.A incidência da retocolite foi maior que a da doença de Crohn e das colites não classificadas, e diferentemente dessas duas ultimas, mostrou decréscimo no último período (2001-2005). Neste mesmo período, a taxa da incidência para a retocolite foi de 4,48 casos/100.000 habitantes, para a doença de Crohn atingiu 3,50 casos/100.000 habitantes e a das colites não classificadas foi de 1,75 casos/100.000 habitantes. As prevalências atingiram os valores de 14,81 casos/100.000 habitantes para a retocolite, 5,65 casos/100.000 habitantes para a doenças de Crohn e 2,14 casos/100.000 habitantes. Considerando todas as doenças inflamatórias a prevalência atingiu o valor de 22,61 casos/100.000 habitantes. CONCLUSÃO:A incidência dessas doenças inflamatórias intestinais nessa região é baixa, igualando-se aos países da América Latina e do sul da Europa e sua crescente prevalência justifica políticas de saúde para as suas abordagens.

Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: experiencia de cinco años en el hospital clínico Herminia Martín de Chillán / Inflammatory bowel disease at the Chillan hospital (Chile): five years experience

Introduction: The inflammatory bowel disease includes a group of pathologies of unknown etiology, that include ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease and indeterminate colitis, with a chronic clinical presentation, being an important medical problem. Aims: to describe the clinical profile of the inflammatory bowel disease at the Chillan hospital (Chile), referring center of Ñuble province. Patients and method: a descriptive study, reviewing clinical cards of adult patients, with diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease obtained from the data base of the department of statistics of the hospital, between years 2000-2005, with positive biopsy for the disease. Results: 34 cases of the disease were diagnosed. The average age of presentation was of 38.1 years with female/male ratio of 2,4: 1. of these, 77.1 percent corresponded to ulcerative colitis. Patients presented at least one of the following manifestations at the entrance: abdominal pain, prolonged diarrhea, hematochezia or rectal bleeding. A coincidence between endoscopic and histologic diagnosis was observed in 86.9 percent of a patients with ulcerative colitis. Conclusions: ulcerative colitis was the most frequent type of intestinal inflammatory disease, with predominance in female. The diagnosis was confirmed by hystopatologic studies, being endoscopy an important approach. The obtained results were similar to the national and international reports in most of the studied topics.

La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) engloba un grupo de patologías de etiología desconocida, multifactoriales, que incluyen la colitis ulcerosa (CU), la enfermedad de Crohn (EC) y la colitis indeterminada, de presentación clínica polimorfa y crónica, siendo un importante problema medico. Objetivo: describir el perfil clínico de la EII del hospital base de Chillan, centro referente de Ñuble. Pacientes y método: se practican un estudio descriptivo, revisando las fichas clínicas de pacientes adultos, con diagnostico de EII obtenidas desde la base de datos del departamento de estadísticas del hospital, entre los años 2000-2005, con biopsia positiva para la enfermedad. Resultados: se diagnosticaron 34 casos de la enfermedad. La edad media de presentación fue de 38,1 años con una relación mujeres/hombres de 2,4:1. de estos, 77,1 por ciento correspondió a CU. Todos presentaron al menos una de las siguientes manifestaciones al ingreso: dolor abdominal, diarrea prolongada, diarrea mucosanguinolenta o rectorragia franca. Se estudiaron con endoscopia y biopsia, observándose una correlación entre ambos del 86,9 por ciento para la CU. Conclusiones: la CU correspondió al tipo mas frecuente de EII, con predominio del sexo femenino. El diagnostico fue confirmado por estudio histopatológico, siendo la endoscopia una importante aproximación. Los resultados obtenidos fueron similares a los reportes tanto nacionales como internacionales en la mayoría de los tópicos estudiados.

Características clínicas de presentación y seguimiento de una cohorte de 121 pacientes con colitis ulcerosa crónica en Uruguay / Presentation and follow up characteristics of 121 patients with chronic ulcerative colitis in Uruguay

Objetivo: describir las características clínicas y evolutivas de una cohorte de pacientes con colitis ulcerosa crónica (CUC). Material y método: se analizó en forma retrospectiva y prospectiva una cohorte de 121 pacientes con diagnóstico de CUC que iniciaron su enfermedad entre 1951 y 2003, procedentes de la asistencia pública y privada, de Montevideo y del interior, asistidos por los autores en al menos una oportunidad al 30 de junio de 2003. Con los datos de las historias clínicas se confeccionó un registro que incluyó: edad de inicio, topografía, severidad, manifestaciones extraintestinales, requerimiento de cirugía y mortalidad. Resultados: 53,7 por ciento fueron mujeres y 46,3 por ciento hombres. La edad mínima al inicio fue de 3 años y la máxima de 76, con una mediana de 32. El compromiso fue: 18,8 por ciento recto, 22,2 por ciento rectosigmoide, 19,8 por ciento colitis izquierda y 38,5 por ciento pancolitis. El debut fue leve en 47,1 por ciento, moderado en 31,4 por ciento y severo en 18,2 por ciento (p=0,0001). Presentaron manifestaciones extraintestinales 7,4 por ciento y antecedentes familiares de CUC 4,1 por ciento. Requirieron cirugía diez pacientes (8,3por ciento), con una mediana entre el inicio de la enfermedad y ésta de 5,5 años, siendo en 70 por ciento por severidad del empuje. El tiempo medio de seguimiento fue 10,5 años. Desarrollaron cáncer de colon tres pacientes (2,5 por ciento). Conclusiones: esta cohorte presentó bajo requerimiento de cirugía, la que se asoció a severidad del empuje y ocurrió fundamentalmente en el primer año de enfermedad, y baja ocurrencia de cáncer y mortalidad.

Enfermedades inflamatorias intestinales: experiencia de dos centros chilenos / Inflammatory bowel disease: experience of two chilean centers

Background: The incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) has increased, particularly in the developed world, and probably also in Chile. Aim: To report our experience with a large group of patients from two medical centers, Hospital Clinico de la Universidad de Chile (HCUCH) and Clinica Las Condes (CLC) and to characterize the clinical features of IBD in Chile. Patients and methods: Retrospective review of 238 patients with IBD (age range 14-78 years, 143 women) treated at HCUCH and CLC between January 1990 and August 2002. Results: One hundred eighty one patients had ulcerative colitis (UC) and 57 had Crohn's disease (CD), with an UC/CD ratio of 3.2/1. Forty eight percent of patients were aged between 20 and 39 years old and 69% were diagnosed after 1995. Patients from HCUCH had more severe disease, more complications and needed surgery more often. Conclusions: Clinical features of Chilean patients with IBD are similar to those of other countries. UC is more common than EC. There is a higher proportion of women with the disease. The severity of the disease was higher among HCUCH.

Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in an insured population in Puerto Rico during 1996

OBJECTIVES: Limited data exists about Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Hispanic populations. The aims of the present study were to estimate overall and specific prevalence of IBD (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) and to describe the characteristics of a group of patients from the University of Puerto Rico's IBD Registry. METHODS: To estimate the prevalence of IBD, computerized records of all physician billing and hospital discharges from a major health insurer in Puerto Rico and classified with ICD-9-CM codes 555.0-555.9 (Crohn's disease) and 556.0-556.9 (ulcerative colitis) during 1996 were searched. Prevalence was estimated by age group, sex, and type of insurance. To describe demographic and selected clinical information from patients with IBD, data gathered in the University of Puerto Rico's IBD Registry from 1995 through 2000 was analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 802,726 insured individuals, 332 had a diagnosis of Crohn's disease, 499 of ulcerative colitis and 21 had both diagnoses. The estimated prevalence per 100,000 was 41.4 for Crohn's disease, 62.2 for ulcerative colitis, and 106.1 cases per 100,000 for IBD. Peak prevalence of Crohn's disease occurred among the age groups 50-59 years and > or = 60 years, and the overall female:male prevalence ratio of Crohn's disease was 1.13 (95 per cent CI: 0.91-1.42). Ulcerative colitis was most prevalent among insured individuals aged 50-59 years and 40-49 years. The prevalence of ulcerative colitis was significantly higher among females than among males, with an overall prevalence ratio of 1.42 (95 per cent CI: 1.18-1.71). Of 342 patients participating in the IBD Registry, 155 (45.3 per cent) had Crohn's disease and 187 (54.7 per cent) had ulcerative colitis. Among patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease, 51.6 per cent were females, the mean age was 35.2 +/- 18.3 years, and 18.1 per cent had a family history of IBD. More than half (57.8 per cent) of patients with ulcerative colitis were females, the mean age was 42.6 +/- 17 years, and 17.1 per cent had a family history of IBD. CONCLUSIONS: The estimated prevalence of IBD in this insured population in Puerto Rico places it among the middle-range of that reported for other countries. Additional studies must be conducted in Puerto Rico in order to confirm the observed findings. Population-based epidemiologic studies aimed at estimating the burden of IBD in Hispanic populations in the United States and Latin America are essential for health care planning.

Colitis ulcerativa crónica inespecífica: experiencia nacional / Chronic nonspecific ulcerative colitis: national experience

Se describen un total de 20 casos de CUCI en los últimos dieciseis años a pesar de que se ha considerado una patologia inexistente en nuestro pais. Existe una franca predominancia en el sexo masculino y la edad promedio de presentación es a los treintiasiete años. La sintomatologia en todos los casos fué de un sindrome disenterico rebelde al tratamiento y cinco de los casos estudiados se diagnosticaron como amibiasis con coproparasitologico positivo y sin respuesta al tratamiento. El diagnóstico fue esencialmetne endoscopico auxiliado con la radiologia y biopsia. La respuesta a tratamiento fué excelente en todos los casos usandose salisilazosislfipiridina en dosis de 3 a 4 gramos en veinticuatro horas. No se registraran complicaciones importantes ni mortalidad