(In)tolerância como política: os discursos de direita e de esquerda no facebook / (In)tolerance as policy: the rightist and leftist discourses on facebook / (In)tolerancia como política: los discursos de la derecha y la izquierda en facebook

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar traços da mentalidade potencialmente autoritária a partir do discurso de usuários do Facebook vinculados a páginas de cunho político autodeclarado de direita e de esquerda no Brasil. A Netnografia é utilizada como aporte metodológico para imersão on-line nas páginas "Eu era Direita e não sabia" e "Jovens de Esquerda", selecionadas por meio do Facebook Audience Insights, ferramenta disponibilizada pelo Facebook. Delas, foram extraídas oito postagens com maior engajamento (número de comentários, curtidas e compartilhamentos), identificadas pelo Netvizz. Foram coletados 3.489 comentários, os quais foram organizados em um corpus textual submetido ao software IRAMUTEQ e analisados sob a perspectiva da análise crítica imanente da teoria crítica. Como resultado, apresenta-se a forma como o pensamento autoritário se manifesta na racionalização da sociedade contemporânea e nas práticas discursivas em redes sociais on-line, enraizada no âmbito sociopolítico brasileiro, ameaçando o processo democrático e a construção de uma sociedade plural e liberta.(AU)

This study aims to analyze traits of the potentially authoritarian mentality from the speech of Facebook users linked to political pages self-declared as rightist and leftist in Brazil. Netnography is used as a methodological contribution for online immersion in the pages "Eu era Direita e não sabia" and "Jovens de Esquerda" selected via Facebook Audience Insights, a tool provided by Facebook. From these, eight posts with greater engagement (number of comments, likes and shares), identified by Netvizz, were extracted. We collected 3,489 comments, which were organized in a textual corpus submitted to IRAMUTEQ software and analyzed from the perspective of immanent critical analysis of Critical Theory. As a result, we present the way in which authoritarian thinking manifests itself in the rationalization of contemporary society and in discursive practices in online social networks, rooted in the Brazilian socio-political sphere, threatening the democratic process and the construction of a plural and free society.(AU)

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las huellas de la mentalidad potencialmente autoritaria a partir de los discursos de usuarios en Facebook vinculados a páginas políticas autodeclaradas de derecha y de izquierda en Brasil. La netnografía se utiliza como marco metodológico para la inmersión en línea en las páginas "Eu era Direita e não sabia" y "Jovens de Esquerda", seleccionadas por Facebook Audience Insights, herramienta proporcionada por Facebook. Se extrajeron las ocho publicaciones con mayor compromiso (número de comentarios, gustos y compartidas), identificadas por Netvizz. Se recogieron 3.489 comentarios, los cuales fueron organizados en un corpus textual sometido al software IRAMUTEQ y analizado bajo la perspectiva del análisis crítico inmanente de la teoría crítica. Los resultados presentan la forma en que el pensamiento autoritario se manifiesta en la racionalización de la sociedad contemporánea y en prácticas discursivas en redes sociales en línea, arraigada en el ámbito sociopolítico brasileño, que amenazan el proceso democrático y la construcción de una sociedad plural y liberada.(AU)

Meeting of Government Chief Nursing and Midwifery Officers, WHO collaborating centres and the European Forum of National Nursing and Midwifery Associations in the WHO European Region: Athens, Greece, 3–4 October 2018: meeting report

The overarching theme of the Meeting of Government Chief Nursing and Midwifery Officers (GCNMOs), WHO collaborating centres and the European Forum of National Nursing and Midwifery Associations in the WHO European Region was to review, discuss and accelerate progress in strengthening nursing and midwifery towards achieving the population health objectives of Health 2020. Participants from more than 40 Member States attended the meeting and provided an update on the progress in implementing the European strategic directions for strengthening nursing and midwifery towards Health 2020 goals (ESDNM). The participants contributed to technical sessions oriented around three key themes “include, invest and innovate”, themes developed for the 10th anniversary conference of the Tallinn Charter: Health Systems for Health and Wealth. The participants attended working groups on “action to accelerate progress”, sharing lessons learned in implementing the ESDNM and identifying opportunities to advance progress. A key point was the importance of strengthening national leadership and advocating for the role of GCNMOs in all governments.

Second meeting of the Issue-based Coalition on Health and Well-being for All at All Ages: 19–20 September 2019, Copenhagen, Denmark

The second meeting of the Issue-based Coalition on Health and Well-being for All at All Ages (IBC-Health) was held at the WHO Regional Office for Europe in Copenhagen on 19–20 September 2019. The purpose of the meeting was to review the progress of IBC-Health since 2018 and to develop a second joint work plan for 2020–2022. To facilitate the development of a joint vision and to identify workstreams and priorities for 2020–2022, IBC-Health revised the objectives in its terms of reference and the criteria guiding the identification and prioritization of areas for joint work, which now include addressing the burden of disease; leaving no one behind; cooperation to advance strategic and critical issues; and accelerate implementation by working together as one. Participants agreed to proceed with the previous workstream on coordination and the four technical workstreams (health over the life-course; communicable disease; universal health coverage, with a focus on medicines; and migration) and also to add two technical workstreams in the areas of primary health care and noncommunicable disease. The revised IBC-Health terms of reference and draft of the second IBC-Health work plan for 2020–2022 will be made available for further discussion and input at the next Regional United Nations System Meeting scheduled for November 2019.

Fifteenth annual meeting of HEPA Europe: report of a WHO meeting: 30 August 2019, Odense, Denmark

The 15th annual meeting of the European network for the promotion of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA Europe) took place within the framework of the 10th Conference of HEPA Europe in Odense, Denmark, kindly hosted by the University of Southern Denmark. On the 28th of August parallel sessions of HEPA Europe working groups were held. Thirty-three participants took part in the annual meeting on the 30th of August, with 16 European countries represented, as well as representatives from the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. Seven new membership applications were confirmed, and three new Steering Committee members were elected to replace three open Steering Committee member positions. Progress made in HEPA Europe’s working groups were presented along with further discussions on WHO collaboration and upcoming steps.

11th meeting of the WHO Action Network on Salt Reduction in the Population in the European Region (ESAN): Bern, Switzerland, 7–8 May 2019: meeting report

To help facilitate progress towards the globally agreed target to cut salt intakes by 30% by 2025, the WHO Action Network on Salt Reduction in the Population in the European Region (ESAN) was established in 2007. The 11th ESAN meeting took place on 7–8 May 2019 in Bern, Switzerland, hosted by the Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office of Switzerland and co-organized by the WHO Regional Office for Europe. The meeting welcomed 33 participants, including 20 representatives of 12 Member States, invited speakers and WHO staff. The meeting heard about progress with national salt reduction strategies from five countries and discussed developments in methodology for monitoring food composition and progress towards targets. Participants also learned about some of the challenges and opportunities associated with sensory thresholds for consumer perception of salt and technical issues around food safety. New tools for data collection and implementation of salt reduction strategies were presented to support Member States in their efforts. In addition, representatives of nongovernmental organizations working in salt reduction provided a summary of their work in the field. It was agreed that ESAN and WHO would pursue further work on modelling of the health impact, in terms of years of life saved, of effective salt reduction strategies and on the development of understanding and approaches to reducing salt intakes from food eaten outside the home.

Совещание главных государственных специалистов по сестринскому и акушерскому делу, Сотрудничающих центров ВОЗ и Европейского форума национальных ассоциаций медицинских сестер и акушерок в Европейском регионе ВОЗ: Афины, Греция, 3–4 октября 2018 г.: отчет о совещании

Всеобъемлющей темой совещания главных государственных специалистов по сестринскому и акушерскому делу (ГГССАД), Сотрудничающих центров ВОЗ и Европейского форума национальных ассоциаций медицинских сестер и акушерок в Европейском регионе ВОЗ было рассмотрение, обсуждение и ускорение прогресса в укреплении сестринского и акушерского дела для достижения целей, касающихся здоровья населения, сформулированных в политике Здоровье 2020. В совещании приняли участие представители из более 40 государств-членов, которые представили последнюю информацию о ходе реализации “Стратегических направлений укрепления сестринского и акушерского дела в Европе для достижения целей политики Здоровье 2020” (СНУСАДЕ). Участники провели плодотворные обсуждения на технических совещаниях, содержание которых определялось тремя ключевыми принципами – инклюзивность, инвестиции и инновации, разработанными к конференции по случаю 10-й годовщины Таллиннской хартии “Системы здравоохранения для здоровья и благосостояния”. Участники также работали в рабочих группах, где они обсуждали практические действия по ускорению прогресса, обменивались уроками из опыта реализации СНУСАДЕ и выявляли новые возможности ускорения. Одним из главных вопросов была важность укрепления руководства на национальном уровне и поддержки роли ГГССАД в правительствах всех стран.

Seventh meeting of the Working Group on Health in Climate Change (HIC) of the European Environment and Health Task Force: Bonn, Germany, 11–12 September 2019: meeting report

On 11 and 12 September 2019, the Working Group on Health in Climate Change (HIC) of the European Environment and Health Task Force held its seventh annual meeting in Bonn, Germany. The main purpose of the meeting was to support the work of Member States from the WHO European Region in developing and implementing their national portfolios of action in the area of climate change and health, as outlined in the Ostrava Declaration. In addition, the meeting provided updates on global and European Region policy developments and progress on climate change and health; new regional evidence for the health impacts of climate change; recent relevant publications and tools; Member State activities addressing climate change and health; and the new heat–health action planning guidance from the WHO Regional Office for Europe.

Fourth meeting of the European Burden of Disease Network (EBoDN): Stockholm, Sweden, 20–21 August 2019: meeting report

The fourth meeting of the European Burden of Disease Network was convened by the WHO Regional Office for Europe on 20–21 August 2019 in Stockholm, Sweden, hosted by the Karolinska Institutet. A range of international burden of disease (BoD) experts from the WHO European Region and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation attended. The purposes were to enhance collaboration among the group of diverse countries with similar research aims and to enable effective knowledge exchange between experts in the field. The meeting discussed several exciting developments that have taken place in national BoD research, including generating subnational estimates, increased national interest in BoD studies in many countries and efforts to expand the global BoD risk factors to encompass socioeconomic positions. A BoD manual for countries, discussed at the third meeting of the Network, is also soon to be completed and ready for review by WHO headquarters. Various challenges remain for those undertaking BoD research, including funding, engagement by stakeholders and identifying the best available data. Despite the considerable progress, participants highlighted two areas for further improvement: the importance of enhancing knowledge on how to communicate BoD results and methods to policy-makers; and the need to find valid and feasible ways to account for socioeconomic determinants of BoD.

Towards a culture of evidence-informed policy: report of the sixth EVIPNet Europe multicountry meeting: 3–5 September 2019, Istanbul, Turkey

The Evidence-informed Policy Network (EVIPNet) Europe is an initiative of the WHO Regional Office for Europe. It was established to build and institutionalize capacity in knowledge translation (KT) at the country level through the establishment of knowledge translation platforms (KTPs). To date, EVIPNet Europe has brought together multiple country champions in a series of six multicountry meetings, the last of which was held in Istanbul, Turkey, in September 2019. This meeting highlighted recent achievements at all stages of the EVIPNet Europe action cycle – situation analyses, evidence briefs for policy and policy dialogues – across the Network, thus allowing members to share experiences and to gain from lessons learnt. To further develop participants’ abilities in facilitating evidence-informed policy-making (EIP), participants engaged in a series of sessions hosted by the McMaster Health Forum, which sought to guide and facilitate the production of rapid syntheses. Furthermore, Network members were introduced to the concept of the cultural contexts of health (CCH) as a lens through which to better understand and promote health and well-being. Participants also brainstormed in groups on how best to sustain EIP efforts through the setting up of a national KT infrastructure, and develop country EIP workplans. A tool for rapid case study evaluation was presented, as well as feedback on its pilot implementation by three countries.

Формирование политики с учетом фактических данных: быстрое реагирование: отчет о многострановом совещании EVIPNet-Европа для стран Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии: 18–20 февраля 2020 г., Бишкек, Кыргызстан

Сеть по вопросам использования данных научных исследований при формировании политики (EVIPNet-Европа) является инициативой Европейского регионального бюро ВОЗ. Она оказывает поддержку государствам-членам ВОЗ в развитии культуры и практики формирования политики здравоохранения на основе наилучших доступных фактических данных. Ежегодные совещания сети с различным составом участником и на разные темы представляют собой платформу для коммуникации, сотрудничества и повышения потенциала всех участвующих сторон. В феврале 2020 г. в г. Бишкеке, Кыргызстан, состоялось многострановое совещание для стран Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии, в котором приняли участие 20 специалистов из восьми стран. Руководствуясь общей целью рассмотрения эффективных стратегий институционализации процессов формирования политики с учетом фактических данных (ПУФД) и мероприятий EVIPNet на страновому уровне, в ходе семинара участники получили возможность поделиться опытом и изучить наработки соседних стран. За три дня участники обсудили общую ситуацию в сфере ПУФД в своих странах, существующие структуры, заинтересованные стороны, трудности и возможности, а также рабочие планы по развитию ПУФД на 2020–2021 гг. Среди важных итогов встречи – подготовка участниками проектов экспресс-синтеза для своих стран. Эти полезные навыки участники получили в ходе модерируемых практических сессий.

Using research evidence for policy-making: rapid response: report of the EVIPNet Europe multicountry meeting for eastern Europe and central Asia: 18–20 February 2020, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

The Evidence-informed Policy Network (EVIPNet) Europe is an initiative of the WHO Regional Office for Europe. It supports WHO Member States to develop a culture and practice of designing health policies based on the best available research evidence. Annual Network meetings with a different composition of members and topics serve as a major platform for communication, collaboration and capacity-building. In February 2020, the EVIPNet Europe multicountry meeting for eastern Europe and central Asia was hosted in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and attended by 20 participants from eight countries. With the overall goal of exploring appropriate strategies to institutionalize evidence-informed policy-making (EIP) and EVIPNet activities at the country level, the workshop allowed ample opportunities for meeting participants to share and learn from the EIP experiences of neighbouring countries. Over the course of three days, participants discussed the overall EIP landscape in their countries, existing structures and stakeholders, challenges and opportunities, as well as country EIP workplans for 2020–2021. An important output of the meeting was that meeting participants learned to prepare draft rapid syntheses through guided practical sessions.

10th Meeting of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI): Sliema, Malta, 20–21 February 2017: meeting report

On 20–21 February 2017, representatives of more than 32 European Member States, together with experts from WHO collaborating centres, partner institutions and observers, gathered in Sliema, Malta, for the 10th meeting of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). The initiative, coordinated by the WHO Regional Office for Europe, has established a Europe-wide standardized system for routinely measuring trends in overweight and obesity in primary school children aged 6–9 years. At the meeting, participants reflected on 10 years of building a robust surveillance system and shared experience on collecting data on overweight and obesity in children. Eighteen countries presented their preliminary results from the fourth round of COSI data collection; up to 39 countries expect to collect data on a total of more than 300 000 children for this round during 2016/17. The meeting also explored new ways to analyse the data to help deepen understanding of the obesity and overweight epidemic in this age group and discussed how the findings can most effectively be used to inform and promote policy action.

Девятое совещание Европейской инициативы ВОЗ по эпиднадзору за детским ожирением (COSI): Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация, 13–14 июня 2016 г.: отчет о совещании

Девятое совещание в рамках стандартизированной инициативы по эпиднадзору за детским ожирением (COSI) прошло в Санкт-Петербурге в июне 2016 г. Инициатива предполагает рутинное измерение роста и веса учащихся начальной школы в возрасте от 6 до 9 лет и была учреждена Европейским региональным бюро ВОЗ в целях сбора данных о распространенности и тенденциях развития избыточной массы тела и ожирения, чтобы сформировать правильное представление о динамике эпидемического процесса в этой группе населения и создать условия для проведения сравнительных оценок ситуации в разных странах в масштабе Европейского региона. Первый раунд сбора информации был проведен в течение 2007/2008 учебного года, второй – в течение 2009/2010 учебного года, третий – в течение 2012/2013 учебного года, а четвертый раунд будет завершен к концу 2016 г. В 9-ом совещании COSI, прошедшем в Санкт-Петербурге с 13 по 14 июня 2016 г., приняли участие 32 государства-члена поделившиеся предварительными результатами и опытом четвертого раунда сбора данных, а также, в более общем плане, обсудившие возможности улучшить организацию и обеспечить рост, возможное расширение охвата и устойчивости инициативы.

Ninth Meeting of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI): St Petersburg, Russian Federation, 13–14 June 2016: meeting report

The ninth meeting of the standardized Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) took place in St Petersburg in June 2016. The Initiative involves routine measurement of height and weight among primary school children aged 6–9 years, and was established by the WHO Regional Office for Europe in order to generate data on prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity to enhance understanding of childhood obesity trends and to permit intercountry comparisons within the European Region. The first data collection took place during the school year 2007/2008, the second round during the school year 2009/2010, the third round during the school year 2012/2013 and the fourth round will be completed by the end of 2016. Thirty-two Member States took part in the ninth COSI meeting, convened in St Petersburg on 13–14 June 2016, to share preliminary findings and lessons from the fourth round of data collection and, more generally, discuss how to improve the organization and manage the growth, possible expansion of the scope and the sustainability of the Initiative.

Eighth meeting of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative: Dubrovnik, Croatia, 18–20 May 2015

The WHO Regional Office for Europe has established a European-wide standardized Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) in several countries in the European Region. The programme involves routine measurement of height and weight among primary school children aged 6–9 years in order to generate data on prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity to enhance understanding of the progress of the epidemic in this population group and to permit intercountry comparisons within the European Region. The first data collection took place during the school year 2007/2008, the second round during the school year 2009/2010, the third round during the school year 2012/2013 and the fourth round is planned for the school year 2015/2016. Twenty-eight Member States took part in the eighth COSI meeting, convened in Dubrovnik on 18–20 May 2015, to share findings from the third round of data collection, prepare for the next data collection round and, more generally, discuss the future organization, possible expansion and sustainability of the Initiative.