Atendimento psicossocial à mulher que comete ofensa sexual / Psychosocial attention for women that commit sexual offenses / Atención psicosocial para mujeres que cometen delitos sexuales

Objetivamos apresentar uma proposta de atendimento psicossocial grupal oferecida para mulheres adultas que cometeram ofensa sexual, cuidadoras e mães. A experiência está sendo desenvolvida no Distrito Federal, Brasil, com pessoas do gênero feminino provenientes de encaminhamento judicial. Carece que os profissionais das áreas da justiça, saúde, serviço social e psicologia avancem no estudo e na compreensão desta temática, de modo a pensarem a atuação e o apoio terapêutico a essas mulheres. O modo de atendimento é focal e breve, com ênfase na criação de um ambiente lúdico como facilitador das interações grupais e da discussão sobre os temas: identidade; confiança nas relações afetivas e sociais; vivência pessoal com violência física e sexual; configuração de gênero; e expressão da sexualidade e futuro. A abordagem individual também se baseia no enfoque dos temas mencionados. O oferecimento de ajuda à mulher cuidadora ou à mãe tem participação ativa na interrupção do circuito abusivo sexual, pois essa violência é extremamente ocultada, ocasionando uma prolongada vulnerabilidade para as vítimas. Ressalta-se o valor do texto indicando a descrição de ação voltada para uma população permanentemente não estudada e evitada em seu reconhecimento. Os limites desta proposta encontram-se na falta de outras iniciativas que possibilitem uma discussão sobre essa experiência.(AU)

We aim to present a proposal of a group psychosocial intervention offered for adult female sexual offenders, caregivers, and mothers. The intervention is being developed at Federal District, Brazil, with female people coming from judicial referrals. Professionals in the areas of justice, health, social work, and psychology need to advance in the study and understanding this theme to think about action and therapeutic support for these women. The intervention is a focal and brief approach, with emphasis on the creation of a ludic environment as a facilitator of group interactions and discussion about the themes: identity; trust in affective and social relationships; personal experience with physical and sexual violence; gender configuration; and sexuality expression and future. The individual approach is also based on focusing on these themes. The offering of help to the female caregiver or the mother has an active participation in the interruption of the sexual offense circuit, since this violence is extremely hidden, bringing a prolonged condition of vulnerability to the victims. The value of this text is highlighted indicating the description of an action directed to a population that is permanently not studied and whose recognition is avoided. The limits of this proposal are found in the absence of other initiatives that would allow a discussion about this experience.(AU)

Este texto presenta una propuesta de atención psicosocial grupal destinada a mujeres adultas que han cometido delito sexual, a cuidadoras y madres. La intervención se está desarrollando en el Distrito Federal (Brasil), con personas del género femenino provenientes de remisiones judiciales. Es necesario que los profesionales de las áreas de justicia, salud, trabajo social y psicología avancen en el estudio y comprensión de esta temática para pensar en el desempeño y apoyo terapéutico de estas mujeres. El servicio es enfocado y breve, con énfasis en la creación de un ambiente lúdico como facilitador de interacciones grupales y discusión sobre los temas: identidad; confianza en las relaciones afectivas y sociales; experiencia personal con violencia física y sexual; configuración de género; y expresión de la sexualidad y el futuro. El enfoque individual también se centra en estos temas. La oferta de ayuda a la mujer cuidadora o a la madre es importante para la interrupción del circuito de abuso sexual, ya que esta violencia es extremadamente oculta y provoca una vulnerabilidad prolongada a las víctimas. Se destaca el valor del texto con la descripción de la acción dirigida a una población que no es objeto de estudios ni reconocida. Los límites de esta propuesta se encuentran en la ausencia de otras iniciativas que permitan un debate sobre esta experiencia.(AU)

Factores asociados con el abandono temprano entre los usuarios del Programa de Tratamiento de Drogas Específico de Libertad Vigilada / Early dropout related factors among users of the Program of Specific Drug Treatment with Monitored Freedom

La modificación a la Ley 18.216 establece por primera vez en nuestro país el tratamiento de drogas en contexto obligado para población adulta. El Servicio Nacional para la Prevención y Rehabilitación del Consumo de Drogas y Alcohol (SENDA) ha implementado el Programa de Tratamiento Específico de Libertad Vigilada, asumiendo el desafío del diseño e implementación de un modelo de intervención que promueva la motivación al cambio y la adherencia en personas que ingresan a tratamiento en contexto de coacción judicial. El presente artículo examinó las variables demográficas, clínicas y criminológicas asociadas a abandono temprano. Se utilizaron datos extraídos de los registros del sistema informático Sistema de Información y Gestión de Tratamiento (SISTRAT), del periodo enero de 2014 a octubre de 2016. Los resultados muestran que la frecuencia de abandono temprano presentada por esta población (5%) es inferior a la examinada en la población general. Las características específicas asociadas con el abandono temprano incluyen: ser desempleado, presentar menor escolaridad, sustancia principal de consumo pasta base de cocaína, inicio temprano del uso de sustancias, mayor frecuencia de consumo y el tipo de delito.

The amendment to Law 18.216 establishes for the first time in our country the treatment of drugs in a forced context for the adult population. The National Service for the Prevention and Rehabilitation of Drugs and Alcohol (SENDA) has implemented the Specific Treatment Program with Monitored Freedom, assuming the challenge of designing and implementing an in tervention model that promotes change motivation and adherence in persons entering treatment in the context of judicial coercion. The present article examined the demographic, clinical, and criminological variables associated with early abandonment. Data extracted from records of the Information System and Treatment Management System (SISTRAT) from January 2014 to October 2016 were used. The results show that the frequency of early abandonment presented by this population (5%) is lower to that examined in the general population. The specific characteristics associated with early abandonment include: being unemployed, having less schooling, freebase cocaine as main substance of consumption, early onset of substance use, higher frequency of consumption and type of crime.

Psychopathic traits in young offenders vs. non-offenders in similar socioeconomic condition

Objective: To analyze the differences in psychopathic traits between offender and non-offender youths with similar socioeconomic backgrounds. Method: The Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R) scale was used to identify whether 39 young offenders with no history of mental disorders or criteria for psychopathy exhibited differences in its total score, and specifically for factor 1 or factor 2 of this scale, when compared with 32 other young people, living in similar socioeconomic conditions, who had not committed offenses. Results: We observed statistically significant between-group differences (p < 0.01) in mean PCL-R scores, with a mean score of 13.4 in the offender group vs. 2.1 in the non-offender group. We also detected significant between-group differences when we analyzed mean factor 1 (p < 0.01) and factor 2 (p < 0.01) scores separately. Although the groups exhibited statistically significant difference in educational attainment, between-group comparison of mean PCL-R scores controlling for educational attainment by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that the difference in PCL-R scores remained statistically significant (p < 0.01). Conclusions: We conclude that, in this sample, the presence of both primary (interpersonal/affective characteristics) and secondary (lifestyle/antisocial behavior) psychopathic traits differed between offender and non-offender youths, even when excluding psychopathy and other mental disorders from the assessments. These results suggest a need for wide-ranging interventions, not restricted to socioeconomic aspects, for the management of juvenile delinquency. .

Homicide and Klinefelter syndrome: a complex interaction

Introduction: Several studies have shown an association between homicide and sexual chromosomal abnormalities, but data are still lacking regarding Klinefelter syndrome. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed two cases of homicide perpetrators who were both diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome on the basis of a karyotype analysis. A neurocognitive assessment was also performed (MMSE, Frontal Assessment Battery, brain CT, and electroencephalogram). Results: Numerous intermediate risk factors of homicide were shared by our two cases, including dispositional (male gender, young age, low socioeconomic status), historical (prior arrest record and past conviction for any offense), contextual (unemployment), and clinical (alcohol abuse). Conclusion: It is important that clinicians go beyond obvious risk factors, such as chromosomal abnormalities, to pinpoint other meaningful risk factors and potentially facilitate preventive approaches. .

Criminal career-related factors among female robbers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and a presumed 'revolving-door' situation / Fatores relacionados à carreira criminal em mulheres condenadas por roubo no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, e uma situação presumível de "porta giratória"

INTRODUCTION: Risk-taking behaviors, family criminality, poverty, and poor parenting have been frequently associated with an earlier onset of criminal activities and a longer criminal career among male convicts. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify factors related to the onset and recurrence of criminal behavior among female robbers in the State of São Paulo - Brazil. METHOD: It was a cross-sectional study carried out inside a feminine penitentiary in São Paulo. From June 2006 to June 2010, 175 inmates convicted only for robbery were recruited to be evaluated about family antecedents of criminal conviction, alcohol and drug misuse, impulsiveness, depressive symptoms, and psychosocial features. RESULTS Having family antecedents of criminal conviction consistently predicted an earlier onset of criminal activities and a longer criminal career among female robbers. Drug use in youth and the severity of drug misuse were significantly related to the initiation and recurrence of criminal behavior, respectively. DISCUSSION: Prisons must systematically screen detainees and provide treatments for those with health problems in general. Children of inmates should obtain help to modify the negative consequences of their parents' incarceration in order to mitigate the negative consequences of pursuing this 'static' factor.

INTRODUÇÃO:Comportamentos de correr riscos, criminalidade familiar, pobreza e pais inadequados foram frequentemente associados a um início mais precoce de atividades criminais e a uma carreira criminal mais longa em presos do sexo masculino. OBJETIVO:Esse estudo visa identificar os fatores relacionados ao início e à recorrência do comportamento criminal em mulheres assaltantes no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODO: Este foi um estudo em corte transversal realizado dentro de uma penitenciária feminina em São Paulo. De junho de 2006 a junho de 2010, 175 internas condenadas apenas por roubo foram recrutadas para avaliação quanto a antecedentes familiares de condenação por crimes, uso inadequado de drogas e álcool, impulsividade, sintomas depressivos e características psicossociais. RESULTADOS: Ter antecedentes familiares de condenação por crimes predisse consistentemente um início mais precoce de atividades criminais e uma carreira criminal mais longa em mulheres assaltantes. O uso de drogas na juventude e a gravidade do uso de drogas estavam significativamente relacionados respectivamente ao início e à recorrência do comportamento criminal. DISCUSSÃO: As prisões deveriam avaliar sistematicamente os presos e proporcionar tratamento para aqueles com problemas de saúde em geral. Os filhos dos internos deveriam obter ajuda para modificar as consequências do encarceramento de seus pais e reduzir as consequências negativas da evolução desse fator 'estático.'.