Epidemiological Profile of Surgically-Treated Peripheral-Nerve Diseases

Objective To outline the epidemiological profile of surgical patients treated at the peripheral-nerve outpatient clinic of a public hospital in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2008 (the year this service was implemented in the hospital ) to 2016. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study with data collection from the medical records. A descriptive analysis was performed with the qualitative variables presented as relative and absolute frequencies, and the quantitative variables, as means and standard deviations. The studied variables were gender, age, diagnosis, and surgical techniques. Results In total, 506 medical records were analyzed. Of these, 269 were of male patients (53%), and 238 were of female patients (46%). The age of the sample ranged from 5 to 84 years (41 14 years). The most prevalent diagnoses were: carpal tunnel syndrome (38.9%) followed by traumatic brachial plexus injury (33.2%). The first diagnosis was more frequent among women, while the second, among men. This collaborates with the predominant findings of upper-limb lesions (91%), in which men accounted for 52,75% (244) and women, for 47,25% (217). Conclusion The present study provided relevant information regarding the reality of peripheral-nerve surgeries performed at a public hospital in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Public health issues increasingly require the continuity of public policies and government incentive.

Polineuropatia periférica na doença de Parkinson: prevalência e fatores de risco em uma amostra na cidade de Campina Grande - PB / Peripheral neuropathy in Parkinson's disease: prevalence and risk factors in a sample of Campina Grande city - Paraíba

Polineuropatia periférica (PNP) tem sido descrita na doença de Parkinson idiopática (DP), porém a prevalência e os fatores de risco não estão bem definidos. Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência e os fatores de risco para PNP na DP, em comparação com a população geral. Método: Participaram 36 pacientes com DP recrutados no ambulatório de Neurologia do Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro (HUAC) da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Paraíba, e 30 sujeitos controles. Todos os participantes foram submetidos a caracterização clínica da PNP, ao estudo de neurocondução (ENC) dos nervos peroneal e sural bilateral e as dosagens de vitamina B12, homocisteina, ácido metilmalônico e ácido fólico. A Escala Unificada de Avaliação da Doença de Parkinson - III e a de Hoehn-Yahr foram utilizadas na avaliação motora do grupo Parkinson (GP). Resultados: Sinais e sintomas neuropáticos foram mais frequentes no GP (61%). Alterações nos parâmetros do ENC foram observadas em 44,4% do GP e 26,7% do grupo controle, sendo a PNP confirmada em três pacientes e um controle. Análise de regressão revelou associação significativa entre os sintomas neuropáticos e a DP, sem associação com aspectos clínicos e bioquímicos. Conclusão: Pacientes com DP possuem maiores escores neuropáticos e maior prevalência de PNP que controles. Os dados sugerem a própria DP como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da PNP, minimizando o papel da vitamina B12 e de seus metabólitos neste processo.(AU)

Peripheral neuropathy (PN) has been described in idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) however the prevalence and the risk factors are not well established. Objective: To assess the prevalence of PN and the risk factors for neuropathy in PD against the general population. Method: Participated in the study 36 PD patients recruited from Neurology Outpatient Unit of Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Paraíba, and 30 controls. All the participants were submitted to clinical characterization of PN, nerve conduction study (NCS) and biochemical dosages (B12 vitamin, homocysteine, methylmalonic acid and folic acid). Results: Neuropathic signs and symptoms were more frequent in PD (61%). Alterations in parameters of NCS were observed in 44.4% of Parkinson group and 26.7% of control group, and PN was confirmed in 3 PD patients and 1 control. Regression analyses showed a significant association between symptoms of PN and PD, without association with clinical and biochemical features. Conclusion: PD patients have higher neuropathic scores and frequency of PN than controls. Data suggests the PD by itself as a risk factor for development of PN, reducing the role of B12 vitamin and its metabolites in this process.(AU)

Restless legs syndrome in subjects with a knee prosthesis: evidence that symptoms are generated in the periphery

OBJECTIVE: There are no data adressing the prevalence of restless legs syndrome in subjects who have knee prosthesis. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of subjects who underwent knee prosthesis surgery. METHOD: A total of 107 subjects (30 male, 77 female) were interviewed over the telephone regarding restless legs syndrome symptoms. If the patients exhibited symptoms of the syndrome, we conducted face-to-face interviews. Lastly, a therapeutic test with pramipexole was proposed for each subject. RESULTS: In our cohort, 7 males (23 percent) and 30 females (39 percent) had restless legs syndrome. Of these, 6 males and 23 females were submitted to face-to-face-interview. Of the males, 5 (83 percent) had restless legs after the knee surgeryexclusively in the operated leg- and reported no family restless legs history. One man had a prior case of bilateral restless legs syndrome, a positive family history and claimed exacerbation of symptoms in the operated leg. Among the females, 16 (69 percent) had restless legs prior to surgery. A total of 10 female patients reported bilateral symptoms, with fewer symptoms in the operated leg, while 6 displayed a worse outcome in the operated leg. The 7 females (31 percent) without restless legs prior to surgery and without a family history experienced symptoms only in the operated leg. All subjects responded favorably to the pramipexole therapeutic test. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that secondary unilateral restless legs syndrome may ensue from knee prosthesis surgery and that the symptoms are generated in the peripheral nervous system.

Estudio neuroepidemiológico nacional (EPINEURO) colombiano / National neuroepidemiological study in Colombia (EPINEURO)

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de ocho problemas neurológicos -migraña, enfermedad cerebrovascular, enfermedad de Parkinson, neuropatía periférica, trastornos del desarrollo neurológico, epilepsia, demencia y secuelas de traumatismo craneoencefálico- en Colombia como parte del estudio neuroepidemiológico nacional (EPINEURO). MÉTODOS: Se realizó una encuesta transversal en dos fases entre septiembre de 1995 y gosto de 1996. En la primera fase se identificó a las personas que podían estar padeciendo alguna enfermedad neurológica y en la segunda se hizo el diagnóstico específico. Se xaminó una muestra de 8 910 personas distribuidas en proporción con la población de cada una de las cinco zonas geográficas de Colombia, que son las regiones entral, sudoccidental, noroccidental, oriental y la costa caribe. La evaluación se realizó según una versión odificada del protocolo de neuroepidemiología de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, además de un examen físico simplificado. A los posibles pacientes de demencia identificados se les aplicó un examen neuropsicológico, diseñado para este estudio, con el fin de profundizar en los aspectos cognoscitivos. Se aplicaron las escalas de Hachinski, Yesavage y Blessed y los criterios iagnósticos del NINCDS-ADRDA para la enfermedad de Alzheimer, los del NINDS-AIREN para la demencia de origen vascular y los del DSM-IV para todo tipo de demencia. Se realizó una ncuesta para determinar si había secuelas de traumatismo craneoencefálico. Las personas mayores de 12 años fueron evaluadas por neurólogos de adultos y los menores de 12 años por un neuropediatra. Se calcularon las prevalencias de trastornos neurológicos por edad y sexo, tanto por egión como para el país en su totalidad, y sus intervalos de confianza de 95 por ciento. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia por 1 000 habitantes de los trastornos investigados ueron las siguientes: migraña, 71,2 (intervalo de confianza de 95 por ciento [IC95 por ciento]: 65,5 a 76,8); trastornos del desarrollo neurológico, 46,1 (IC95 por ciento: 35,5 a 58,9); enfermedad cerebrovascular, 19,9 (IC95 por ciento: 14,3 a 27,4); demencia, 13,1 (IC95 por ciento: 8,5 a 9,3); epilepsia, 10,3 (IC95 por ciento: 8,5 a 13,0); neuropatía periférica, 8,5 (IC95 por ciento: 6,8 a 10,7); secuelas de traumatismo craneoencefálico, 6,4 (IC95 por ciento: 5,0 a 7,8) y enfermedad de Parkinson 4,7 (IC95 or ciento: 2,2 a 8,9)...

Diagnóstico das neuropatias periféricas: aspectos gerais da populaçäo em estudo / Diagnosis of peripheral neuropathies: general characteristics of the population study

O presente estudo tem por finalidade analisar aspectos gerais de populaçäo de 209 pacientes com neuropatias periféricas, atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeiräo Preto no período de març-1985 a fevereiro-1987. Poucos säo os trabalhos que avaliam pacientes com vista ao estudo dos fatores que contribuem ou näo para o diagnóstico daquelas afecçöes. Os tipos de neuropatias encontrados, em ordem de frequência foram: polineuropatias, mononeuropatias e multineuropatias. No primeiro grupo se destacaram as formas adquiridas e, no segundo, as lesöes do plexo braquial. A média das idades foi 36,4 anos, com uma variaçäo de 18 dias a 81 anos. O sexo masculino predominou entre as polineuropatias, enquanto nas mononeuropatias o predomínio foi do feminino e nas multineuropatias a proporçäo entre os dois sexos foi semelhante. O tempo de seguimento dos pacientes foi menor que 6 meses para 52.6% dos casos e menor que 1 ano para 71,3%. Discutimos o significado e a importância de nossos achados