Quality of sleep and use of computers and cell-phones among university students

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Evaluate the quality of sleep and its association with the use of computers and cell-phones among medicine and dentistry students. METHODS Cross-sectional and comparative study, which evaluated 425 students through a socioeconomic questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), and a questionnaire on their use of computers and cell phones. RESULTS Poor sleep quality was observed in 61.4% of medical students and in 60.1% of dentistry students. Medical students with poor sleep quality had a higher mean time of computer use at night when compared to those with good sleep quality (p=0.04), as well as for computer (p<0.001) and cell phone use (p<0.01) immediately before bedtime. Dentistry students with poor sleep quality had a higher average time of computer use before bedtime than those with good sleep quality (p=0.03). CONCLUSION Students should receive guidance on prevention strategies and quality of sleep care.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Avaliar a qualidade de sono e sua associação com uso de computadores e celulares em estudantes de medicina e odontologia. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal e comparativo, que avaliou 425 estudantes por meio de questionário socioeconômico, Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI) e uso de computador e telefone celular. RESULTADOS Sono de má qualidade foi observado em 61,4% dos estudantes de medicina e em 60,1% de odontologia. Para os estudantes de medicina, os tempos médios de uso de computador durante a noite (p=0,04) e computador (p<0,001) e celular (p<0,001) imediatamente antes de dormir foram maiores para os estudantes com má qualidade de sono. Para os estudantes de odontologia, o tempo médio de uso do computador imediatamente antes de dormir foi maior para aqueles com má qualidade de sono (p=0,03). CONCLUSÃO Os estudantes devem receber orientações sobre estratégias de prevenção e cuidados com a qualidade do sono.

Estudo das interfaces das ações realizadas pelo projeto FOB-USP em Rondônia: uma experiência para a vida, sob a ótica dos expedicionários e da população de Monte Negro-RO / Study of the interfaces of the actions developed by the project "FOB-USP in Rondônia" - An Experience for Life, from the perspective of the students and the population of Monte Negro-RO

Extensão universitária é o processo educativo, cultural e científico que articula o ensino e a pesquisa de forma indissociável e viabiliza a relação transformadora entre universidade e sociedade. O presente estudo objetivou analisar o desenvolvimento do programa de extensão universitária Projeto FOB-USP em Rondônia, a partir da análise da participação dos expedicionários no programa, da análise da percepção dos usuários quanto aos atendimentos odontológicos e fonoaudiológicos e da descrição e análise das ações realizadas durante as expedições em cinco anos de atuação, compreendendo o período entre os anos de 2009 e 2014. A pesquisa foi de natureza quanti-qualitativa e foram utilizados os seguintes procedimentos: entrevista semiestruturada alunos de graduação e pós-graduação participantes; entrevista semiestruturada com os usuários; análise de conteúdo das entrevistas; análise documental de relatórios elaborados a cada expedição pela equipe de coordenação do projeto. A amostra total da pesquisa foi composta de 38 participantes, divididos em três grupos. O Grupo 1 (graduação) foi composto por 16 participantes, sendo oito da 27a Expedição (julho/2013) e oito da 29a Expedição (julho/2014), o grupo 2 (pós-graduação) consistiu de 11 sujeitos e o grupo 3 (usuários) teve a amostra de 11 sujeitos. Também foram analisados relatórios de 12 expedições do mesmo período quanto ao tipo e número de procedimentos e ao número de alunos participantes. Os elementos da análise foram divididos em quatro categorias: 1) em relação aos aspectos pessoais; 2) quanto à população atendida; 3) sobre o Projeto de extensão universitária em questão; 4) quanto à formação acadêmica. Tais categorias foram divididas em subcategorias (Grupo 1 = 28; Grupo 2 = 29; Grupo 3 = 15). Também foi determinada a frequência das unidades de registro em cada grupo (G1=485; G2=405; G3=193). Todas as subcategorias de cada grupo foram descritas, relatadas e apresentadas quanto à porcentagem de citações em quadros...

University extension is the educative process, cultural and scientific which articulates teaching and research in an inseparable way and enables the transformating realationship between University and Society. The present study aimed to analyze the development of the University Extension Program Project FOB-USP in Rondônia, from the analyzes of the participation of the students in the program, the analysis of the perception of the users as to the dental and speech pathology and audiology attendances and description and analysis of the actions performed during the expeditions in five years of acting, considering the period between 2009 and 2014. The research was a quanti-qualitative nature and it were used the following procedures: semi-structured interview with graduate and postgraduate students participants; semi-structured interview with users; content analysis of the interviews; documental analysis of reports of each expedition by the project coordination team. The total sample was composed by 38 participants, divided into three groups. The group 1 (graduation) was composed by 16 subjects, being eight of the 27th Expedition (July/ 2013) and eight of the 29th Expedition (July/2014), the o group 2 (postgraduate) was composed by 11 subjects and the group 3 (users) was composed by 11 subjects. It were also analyzed reports of 12 expeditions from the same period as to the type and number of procedures and students participating. The elements of the analysis were divided into four categories: 1) in relation to personal aspects; 2) as the population served; 3) about the Project of University Extension in question; 4) as to the academic training. Such categories were divided into subcategories (Group 1 = 28; Group 2 = 29; Group 3 = 15). It was also determined the frequency of the registration units in each group (G1=485; G2=405; G3=193). All subcategories in each group were described, reported and presented as the percentage of citations in frames...

Estudo das interfaces das ações realizadas pelo projeto FOB-USP em Rondônia: uma experiência para a vida, sob a ótica dos expedicionários e da população de Monte Negro-RO / Study of the interfaces of the actions developed by the project "FOB-USP in Rondônia" - An Experience for Life, from the perspective of the students and the population of Monte Negro-RO

Extensão universitária é o processo educativo, cultural e científico que articula o ensino e a pesquisa de forma indissociável e viabiliza a relação transformadora entre universidade e sociedade. O presente estudo objetivou analisar o desenvolvimento do programa de extensão universitária Projeto FOB-USP em Rondônia, a partir da análise da participação dos expedicionários no programa, da análise da percepção dos usuários quanto aos atendimentos odontológicos e fonoaudiológicos e da descrição e análise das ações realizadas durante as expedições em cinco anos de atuação, compreendendo o período entre os anos de 2009 e 2014. A pesquisa foi de natureza quanti-qualitativa e foram utilizados os seguintes procedimentos: entrevista semiestruturada alunos de graduação e pós-graduação participantes; entrevista semiestruturada com os usuários; análise de conteúdo das entrevistas; análise documental de relatórios elaborados a cada expedição pela equipe de coordenação do projeto. A amostra total da pesquisa foi composta de 38 participantes, divididos em três grupos. O Grupo 1 (graduação) foi composto por 16 participantes, sendo oito da 27a Expedição (julho/2013) e oito da 29a Expedição (julho/2014), o grupo 2 (pós-graduação) consistiu de 11 sujeitos e o grupo 3 (usuários) teve a amostra de 11 sujeitos. Também foram analisados relatórios de 12 expedições do mesmo período quanto ao tipo e número de procedimentos e ao número de alunos participantes. Os elementos da análise foram divididos em quatro categorias: 1) em relação aos aspectos pessoais; 2) quanto à população atendida; 3) sobre o Projeto de extensão universitária em questão; 4) quanto à formação acadêmica. Tais categorias foram divididas em subcategorias (Grupo 1 = 28; Grupo 2 = 29; Grupo 3 = 15). Também foi determinada a frequência das unidades de registro em cada grupo (G1=485; G2=405; G3=193). Todas as subcategorias de cada grupo foram descritas, relatadas e apresentadas quanto à porcentagem de citações em quadros...

University extension is the educative process, cultural and scientific which articulates teaching and research in an inseparable way and enables the transformating realationship between University and Society. The present study aimed to analyze the development of the University Extension Program Project FOB-USP in Rondônia, from the analyzes of the participation of the students in the program, the analysis of the perception of the users as to the dental and speech pathology and audiology attendances and description and analysis of the actions performed during the expeditions in five years of acting, considering the period between 2009 and 2014. The research was a quanti-qualitative nature and it were used the following procedures: semi-structured interview with graduate and postgraduate students participants; semi-structured interview with users; content analysis of the interviews; documental analysis of reports of each expedition by the project coordination team. The total sample was composed by 38 participants, divided into three groups. The group 1 (graduation) was composed by 16 subjects, being eight of the 27th Expedition (July/ 2013) and eight of the 29th Expedition (July/2014), the o group 2 (postgraduate) was composed by 11 subjects and the group 3 (users) was composed by 11 subjects. It were also analyzed reports of 12 expeditions from the same period as to the type and number of procedures and students participating. The elements of the analysis were divided into four categories: 1) in relation to personal aspects; 2) as the population served; 3) about the Project of University Extension in question; 4) as to the academic training. Such categories were divided into subcategories (Group 1 = 28; Group 2 = 29; Group 3 = 15). It was also determined the frequency of the registration units in each group (G1=485; G2=405; G3=193). All subcategories in each group were described, reported and presented as the percentage of citations in frames...

Self-reported halitosis and associated demographic and behavioral factors

Abstract Halitosis is still poorly studied in young adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of self-reported halitosis and associate it with demographic and behavioral factors in young adult dental students. This cross-sectional study was designed as a census of students enrolled in three initial and three final semesters of a dental course in a Brazilian public university. Of 284 eligible students, 257 (90.5%) completed a self-administered questionnaire. Self-reported halitosis was the primary study outcome, and was assessed with the question "do you feel you have bad breath?". Data on age, gender, frequency of tooth brushing and interproximal cleaning, tongue cleaning, mouth rinse use and dry mouth were collected using the questionnaire, and were considered independent variables. Of the students surveyed, 26.5% reported as never, 51.7% as rarely, 21.4% as sometimes, and 0.4% as always feeling they had halitosis. Morning halitosis was reported by 90.6% of those who reported halitosis. In the final multiple model, last semester students had a 55% lower chance of reporting halitosis, compared with students from the first semesters [odds ratio (OR) 0.46; 95%CI 0.24-0.89]. Women had a 2.57fold higher chance of reporting halitosis (OR = 2.57; 95%CI 1.12-5.93). Dry mouth increased the chance of self-reported halitosis 3.95-fold, compared with absence of dry mouth (OR = 3.95; 95%CI 2.03-7.68). It can be concluded that self-reports of halitosis were low among dental students, but may represent an important complaint. Gender, dry mouth and level of college education of the dentist were factors significantly associated with self-reported halitosis.

Common mental disorders and associated factors among final-year healthcare students / Transtornos mentais comuns e fatores associados entre estudantes de saúde do último ano

Objective: to assess the prevalence of common mental disorder (CMD) and to identify potential associated factors among medical, dental and nursing students. Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted in a public university in Northeast Brazil with 172 undergraduate students of the last three semesters of the medicine, dentistry and nursing courses, in February 2010, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and a structured questionnaire developed by the authors. Logistic regression was performed for data analysis. Results: the prevalence of CMD was 33.7%. The courses presented no differences in CMD prevalence. The logistic regression analysis showed a strong association of the following variables with CMD: female (OR=4.34), lack of good expectations regarding the future (OR=5.83), course as not a source of pleasure (OR=7.52) and feeling emotionally tense (OR=11.23). Conclusion: the high prevalence suggests that immediate preventive measures should be implemented, such as the setting up of psycho-pedagogic support services for students, and teacher development programs. .

Objetivo: determinar a prevalência de transtorno mental comum (TMC) e identificar potenciais fatores associados entre estudantes de medicina, odontologia e enfermagem. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado em uma universidade pública no Nordeste do Brasil com 172 alunos de graduação dos últimos três semestres de Medicina, Odontologia e Enfermagem, em fevereiro de 2010, utilizando o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) e um questionário estruturado desenvolvido pelos autores. A análise dos dados foi realizada por regressão logística. Resultados: a prevalência de TMC foi de 33,7%. Os cursos não apresentaram diferenças na prevalência de TMC. A regressão logística mostrou uma forte associação entre as seguintes variáveis com TMC: sexo feminino (OR=4,34), não ter boas expectativas em relação ao futuro (OR=5,83), curso não ser uma fonte de prazer (OR=7,52) e sentir-se emocionalmente tenso (OR=11,23). Conclusão: a alta prevalência de TMC sugere que medidas preventivas imediatas devam ser implementadas, como: a criação de serviços de apoio psicopedagógico para alunos e programas de desenvolvimento docente. .

Exponential growth of dental schools in Chile: effects on academic, economic and workforce issues

In the last 30 years, Chile has undergone noteworthy economic development and an exponential growth in the access of its population to higher education. The aim of this paper was to review the changes in academic, economic and workforce issues that occurred as a consequence of the growth in supply of undergraduate dental vacancies between 1997 and 2011. Data collected from the Consejo de Educación Superior - CES, Comisión Nacional de Acreditación - CNA, and Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas de Chile - INE included these variables: number of dental schools, school type (private or traditional, see explanation below), city where the school is located, entry vacancies, total student enrollment, admission scores, percentile rank of dentistry as a university career, tuition fees, accreditation status, and number of inhabitants. There was an exponential increase in dental schools in Chile (5 to 34) that occurred in association with the rise in tuition fees (US$ 3900 to US$ 9800), a deterioration in the academic level of dental students (650 to 550 points in admission scores) and a predicted 77.5% oversupply of dentists by 2025, according to WHO criteria. The exponential increase in dental schools in Chile brought about negative consequences, such as increasing career costs, deterioration in the academic level of dental students, and an oversupply of dentists, associated with lower incomes and possibly leading to unemployment. Additional research should be conducted to determine whether an increase in the number of dentists can improve the population's access to dental care and reduce the oral disease burden.

High and specialty-related musculoskeletal disorders afflict dental professionals even since early training years

OBJECTIVE: To determine how early musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) develop in dental professionals and to explore the potential differences among distinct dental specialties. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 271 dental postgraduates majoring in five dental specialties were recruited, i.e., orthodontics, prosthodontics, endodontics, periodontics and alveolar surgery. 254 age-matched non-dental postgraduates served as the control. The standardized Nordic questionnaire on MSDs and a self-report questionnaire regarding correlative factors (only for dental postgraduates) were answered through emails. Reliability of responses was assessed applying test-retest method. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient of participants' answers ranged from 0.89 to 0.96. Dental postgraduates had significantly higher prevalence of MSDs than the control group, especially at neck, upper back and lower back. In all dental specialties included, high prevalence of MSDs was reported at neck (47.5%-69.8%), shoulders (50.8%-65.1%), lower back (27.1%-51.2%) and upper back (25.6%-46.5%), with lower prevalence at elbows (5.1%-18.6%), hips (3.4%-16.3%) and ankles (5.1%-11.6%). Periodontics students reported the worst MSDs in most body regions except wrists and knees, which were more prevalent for prosthodontic and alveolar surgery students, respectively. Furthermore, year of clinical work, clinical hours per week and desk hours per week were found as risk factors for MSDs, whereas physical exercise and rest between patients as protective factors. CONCLUSIONS: High and specialty-related MSDs afflict dental professionals even since very early stage of careers. Prevention aimed at the specialty-related characteristics and the risk/protective factors revealed in this study should be introduced to dental personnel as early as possible. .

Perfil sociodemográfico y desempeños de los estudiantes de la carrera de Odontología (UdelaR) / Social-demographic profile and student performance from the Faculty of Dentistry (Udelar)

La Unidad de Apoyo a la Enseñanza de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de la República presenta una primera aproximación sobre quiénes son y cómo se desempeñan los estudiantes de Odontología en las etapas de ingreso y egreso de la carrera. Se elabora un perfil sociodemográfico a partir del Censo 2007 y se estudia con los datos inicialmente disponibles en la institución el desemplo de varios cohortes a través de las dimensiones de rendimiento académico, avance de la carrera, ritmo y nivel de egreso. Como resultados del estudio se destaca: 1) un perfil de matrícula estudiantil netamente feminizada, dividido paritariamente en su procedencia capitalina y del interior del país, y mayoritariamente procedente de liceos públicos (70%); 2) un nivel de rezago y desvinculación entre el primer y segundo año de la carrera que se ubica en el entorno del 50%; 3) un ritmo de egreso relativamente lento que, no obstante, alcanza una eficiencia terminal cercana al 50%.

Criterios para la selección de información científica odontológica en la world wide web / Requirements for the selection of scientific information in the world wide web

En el presente trabajo se describe una estrategia para la didáctica utilizada en el año 2002 en la unidad curricular Introducción a la Investigación, disciplina Computación, del primer año de odontología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela. Mediante una práctica pedagógica se aplicó una estrategia para seleccionar información odontológica de comprobable valor científico en la world wide web. Esta información debía ser usada posteriormente como fundamento en una investigación documentada mediante dos técnicas de verificación de contenidos impresos, aplicables a los documentos electrónicos: análisis de vigilancia epistemológica. Adicionalmente, se estudiaron tres conceptos fundamentales del modelo de comunicacion electrónica: el emisor del mensaje, el mensaje en sí (el propio contenido de la página web a utilizar y lo que se pretende con la misma) y el destino o receptor del mensaje (a quien va dirigido). La experiencia se desarrolló en dos fases: en la primera los estudiantes realizaron consultas guiadas en la red utilizando las direcciones URL de sitios de indudable valor científico. En una segundo fase, utilizaron motores de búsqueda, y fueron capaces de seleccionar los documentos electrónicos que cumplían con los criterios mencionados, incluso agregaron otras direcciones no consideradas. En síntesis, se observó que ochenta por ciento de los participantes desarrolló su competencia en la selección de información científica odontológica en la world wide web.

Análisis comparativo del rendimiento estudiantil entre el régimen trimestral y anual en la Facultad de Odontología de la UCV / A comparative analysis of the students performance between the quarterly and annual regimens at the School of Dentistry, UCV

El propósito de esta investigación consistió en realizar un estudio comparativo del rendimiento estudiantil de los alumnos aprobados, a través de un análisis transversal de los indicadores que influeyen sobre él, entre el régimen anual y trimestral, en las materias equivalentes, de la Facultad de Odontología de la U.C.V. El rendimiento estudiantil fue significativamente superior en los alumnos del régimen anual en primer y segundo año estudiado, en comparación con los estudiantes que cursaron las meterias equivalentes durante el sistema trimestral. Se encontró que los resultados obtenidos, en relación con los datos personales, aspectos académicos preuniversitarios, universitarios y aspectos socio-económicos coincidieron en muchos aspectos en ambas poblaciones