Osteonecrosis mandibular: hallazgos clínicos e imagenológicos en un paciente tratado con denosumab / Mandibular osteonecrosis: clinical and imaging findings in a patient treated with denosumab

Introducción: La administración de bifosfonatos y medicamentos antiangiogénicos en pacientes con cáncer es un esquema terapéutico usual en oncología. Existen reportes de osteonecrosis de los maxilares en pacientes sometidos a este esquema de tratamiento, luego de realizar un procedimiento dental invasivo. Objetivo: A partir de las características clínicas e imagenológicas de la patología, ilustrar al odontólogo sobre los medicamentos para el tratamiento del cáncer, susceptibles de generar osteonecrosis de los maxilares. Presentación de caso: Paciente masculino de 89 años, con cáncer de próstata tratado con denosumab, que desarrolló osteonecrosis del maxilar inferior posterior a una extracción dental. Es de vital importancia que el odontólogo identifique los medicamentos, factores de riesgo y las medidas para minimizar el riesgo de osteonecrosis de los maxilares en pacientes susceptibles(AU)

Introduction: The administration of bisphosphonates and antiangiogenic drugs in cancer patients is a usual therapeutic scheme in oncology. There are reports of osteonecrosis of the jaws in patients undergoing this treatment scheme, after performing an invasive dental procedure. Objective: Show the dentist from the clinical and imaging characteristics of the pathology on the drugs for the treatment of cancer sensitivity to generate osteonecrosis of the jaws. Case presentation: An 89-year-old male patient with prostate cancer treated with denosumab developed osteonecrosis of the lower jaw after tooth extraction. It is vitally important that the dentist identifies medications, risk factors and measures to minimize the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaws in sensitivy patients(AU)

Necesidad y tipo de tratamiento en cirugía bucomaxilofacial durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en un servicio de urgencias odontológicas del AMBA / Need and type of treatment in maxillofacial surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic in a dental emergency department in the AMBA

Objetivo: Analizar y describir los requerimientos de atención quirúrgica bucomaxilofacial de urgencia en el Servicio de Urgencias Odontológicas y Orientación de Pacientes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires durante el aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio por la pandemia de COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de análisis retrospectivo durante el período de aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio inicial de 93 días, comprendido entre el 20 de marzo y el 20 de junio de 2020. Se evaluó la totalidad de historias clínicas de los pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Urgencias Odontológicas y Orientación de Pacientes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires y se caracterizó a aquellos que requerían distintos tipos de tratamiento quirúrgico bucal y maxilofacial. Resultados: Durante el período estudiado, se atendieron 4564 pacientes, de los cuales 1337 (29,3%) requirieron tratamientos quirúrgicos como terapéutica para la resolución de la urgencia. De estos, el 93,2% fueron exodoncias de piezas erupcionadas o retenidas; el 1,7%, biopsias quirúrgicas; el 2,4%, tratamientos agudos de infecciones que involucran espacios anatómicos vecinos; el 0,8%, resolución de traumatismos en los maxilares, y el 1,9%, tratamientos de complicaciones posquirúrgicas. Conclusión: Los resultados ponen de relieve la necesidad de disponer de servicios de guardia odontológica en el ámbito del AMBA que cuenten con recursos humanos calificados y entrenados para resolver urgencias de tipo quirúrgico

Aim: The objective of this study was to analyze and describe the requirements for the emergency care of oral and maxillofacial surgical treatment in the emergency dental department of the School of Dentistry of the University of Buenos Aires during the Preventive and Mandatory Social Isolation. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a descriptive observational study during the initial period of 93 days of Preventive and Compulsory Social Isolation, from March 20, 2020 to June 20, 2020. All the medical records of the patients who attended the emergency dental department of the School of Dentistry of the University of Buenos Aires were evaluated and those who required different types of oral and maxillofacial surgical treatment were characterized. Results: A total of 4564 patients were attended during the period studied, of which 1337 (29.3%) required surgical treatment as a therapy for the resolution of their emergencies. Of these, 93.2% were exodontia of erupted or retained teeth, 1.7% surgical biopsies, 2.4% acute treatment of infections involving neighboring anatomical spaces, 0.8% resolution of maxillary alveolar trauma and 1.9% treatment of post-surgical complications. Conclusion: The results highlight the need to have dental emergency services in the AMBA area that have qualified and trained human resources to solve the surgical type emergencies that may arise (AU)

Perfil epidemiológico de los donadores de dientes humanos extraídos en establecimientos de Salud Pública, ubicados en Santa Ana, Cuscatlán y San Vicente en el año 2019 / Epidemiological profile of donors of human teeth extracted in Public Health facilities, located in Santa Ana, Cuscatlán and San Vicente in 2019

En El Salvador no existe un perfil epidemiológico donde se registren las características de los donadores de dientes extraídos, perdiéndose información epidemiológica del diente y el donador. Objetivo: Determinar el perfil epidemiológico de los donadores de dientes humanos extraídos en establecimientos de salud pública, ubicados en Santa Ana, Cuscatlán y San Vicente en el año 2019. Materiales y métodos: El estudio es de tipo observacional, transversal y descriptivo; con una muestra de 250 dientes de pacientes de las Unidades Comunitarias de Salud Familiar (UCSF), realizándoles entrevista y examen clínico bucal. Evaluando características sociodemográficas, historia médica y características clínicas bucales del donador y del diente, causa de extracción, clasificación de los dientes, características morfológicas de corona y raíz. Vaciando los datos en una matriz estadística en el programa EPIINFO 7.2.2.16. Resultados: Los dientes extraídos corresponden en su mayoría a donadores del sexo femenino (57.20%), zona rural (68.40%), edad entre 41 a 50 años (22%), las enfermedades prevalentes son hipertensión (13.60%) y diabetes (6%), con higiene bucal regular (28.40%), la patología bucal más frecuente es la caries dental (62.40%) y siendo los primeros molares permanentes los más extraídos (27.20%). Conclusiones: La mayor parte de donadores pertenece al sexo femenino, de la zona rural y la pérdida dental aumenta con la edad, la enfermedad crónica más frecuente es la hipertensión arterial; la caries dental y la enfermedad periodontal son los principales motivos de extracción, siendo los dientes mayormente extraídos los primeros molares, estos en su mayoría presentaron caries cavitadas y raíces completas.

In El Salvador there is no epidemiological profile where the characteristics of the donors of teeth extracted are recorded, losing epidemiological information of the tooth and the donor. Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of human tooth donors extracted in public health facilities, located in Santa Ana, Cuscatlán and San Vicente in 2019. Materials and methods: The study is observational, transversal and descriptive; with a sample of 250 teeth from patients from the Community Family Health Units (UCSF), conducting interview and oral clinical examination, evaluating sociodemographic characteristics, medical history and oral clinical characteristics of the donor and tooth, cause of extraction, classification of teeth, morphological characteristics of the crown and root and emptying the data into a statistical matrix in the EPIINFO 7.2.2.16 program. Results: The extracted teeth correspond mostly to female donors (57.20%), rural area (68.40%), age 41 to 50 years (22%), the prevalent diseases are hypertension (13.60%) diabetes (6 %), with regular oral hygiene (28.40%), the most common oral pathology is tooth decay (62.40%) and the first permanent molars being the most extracted (27.20%). Conclusions: Most donors are female, from rural areas, and tooth loss increases with age, the most common chronic disease are the main reasons for extraction and the teeth mostly extracted were first molars, which mostly had cavitated tooth decay and complete roots.

Tendencia de actividades odontológicas realizadas en atención primaria del Servicio de Salud Valparaíso - San Antonio, chile: 2008 a 2018 / The evolution of dental services carried out in primary health care centers of the valparaíso - san antonio health service in chile: 2008-2018

INTRODUCCIÓN: La actual Política de Salud Bucal chilena indica que la atención odontológica está orientada a la promoción y prevención, reforzando la atención odontológica en Atención Primaria de Salud (APS). Se desconoce cómo esta política se ha materializado en el tiempo, pues, a la fecha, no existen estudios que analicen la tendencia de este tipo de actividades. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la tendencia de las actividades odontológicas, realizadas en adultos y adultos mayores, en APS del Servicio de Salud Valparaíso - San Antonio (SSVSA). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio ecológico de tipo mixto entre los años 2008-2018, en 8 de las 9 comunas del SSVSA. Se analizó la tendencia del porcentaje de actividades promocionales-preventivas (APP) y de exodoncias utilizando las bases de datos "Resúmenes Estadísticos Mensuales-A09" (REM-A09). RESULTADOS: El 24,53% y 11,36% de las actividades realizadas correspondieron a APP y a exodoncias, respectivamente. El grupo de 20-64 años presentó un mayor porcentaje de APP y un menor porcentaje de exodoncias que el grupo de 65 y más años, en cada una de las comunas. Hubo una tendencia al aumento del porcentaje de APP y a la disminución del porcentaje de exodoncia en la mayoría de las comunas estudiadas. DISCUSIÓN: La tendencia de las actividades odontológicas realizadas en APS ha evolucionado a lo largo de los años, con diferencias entre comunas del SSVSA. Para poder determinar cuáles son los motivos que explican los resultados encontrados, se sugiere realizar otros estudios enfocados a la gestión odontológica local de APS. (AU)

BACKGROUND: The current Chilean Oral Health Policy indicates that dental care is aimed at promotion and prevention, thus reinforcing the presence of dental programs in Primary Health Care (PHC) Centers. It is unknown how this policy has materialized over time, since no studies to date have analyzed the trend of dental services carried out in PHC. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of dental services carried out in adults in PHC of the Valpa-raíso - San Antonio Health Service (VSAHS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A mixed ecological study was carried out between 2008 and 2018, in 8 of the 9 municipalities of the VSAHS. The per-centage trends of promotional-preventive services (PPS) and extractions were analyzed, using the databases "Resúmenes Estadísticos Mensuales-A09" (REM-A09). RESULTS: The percentage of dental services dedicated to PPS and extractions were 24.53% and 11.36%, respectively. The group of adults between 20 and 64 years of age presented a higher percentage of PPS and a lower percentage of extractions than the 65 and over group in each municipality. There was also a trend of the percentage of PPS services increasing over time, while the percentage of extractions decreased in most of the municipalities studied. DISCUSSION: The type of den-tal services carried out in PHC has evolved over time, and differences were found between municipalities of the VSAHS. To explain these results, future studies should focus on the local management of dental services in PHC. (AU)

Presença de cárie e periodontite apical em pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica com necessidade de transplante renal / Presence of caries and apical periodontitis in patients with chronic kidney disease requiring kidney transplantation

A doença renal crônica (DRC) é caracterizada pela alteração progressiva e irreversível da função dos rins. A presença de lesões cariosas e da periodontite apical exercem influência na saúde sistêmica dos pacientes com DRC. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a presença de cáries e periodontites apicais em pacientes que estão em tratamento de hemodiálise e na lista de espera para transplante renal. Vinte e seis pacientes aceitaram participar do estudo, porém as informações de um foram excluídas por se enquadrarem nos critérios de exclusão. Então, foi realizado exame clínico e radiográfico periapical em 25 pacientes, onde o índice CPO-D foi determinado considerando as faixas etárias, assim como, foi verificado a presença de periodontites apicais e a sua indicação para tratamento endodôntico ou extração dentária. Os pacientes também relataram práticas de saúde bucal e presença de sintomatologia durante a anamnese. Em 12 pacientes foi detectado pelo menos um dente com lesão cariosa e a média de dentes com lesões de cárie por paciente foi de 2,64. O índice CPO-D foi de 12,66 para pacientes com idade entre 23 e 34 anos, índice considerado moderado pela OMS; CPO-D de 15,71 para pacientes na faixa etária dos 35 à 44 anos e de 17,16 para pacientes entre 45 e 64 anos, índices considerados como "alto" pela OMS. Foi observado a presença de periodontite apical em 32% dos pacientes e a média de lesões por paciente foi de 2,37. Do total de periodontites apicais presentes 7 foram indicadas ao tratamento endodôntico e 6 à extração dentária. Foi observado ausência de cárie e/ou periodontite apical em 10 dos 25 pacientes avaliados. Conclui-se que os pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica possuem alta incidência de lesões de cáries e alta prevalência de periodontites apicais(AU)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by the progressive and irreversible alteration of the function of the kidneys. The presence o f carious lesions and periapical periodontitis have an influence on the systemic health of patients with CKD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of dental caries and periapical periodontitis in patients undergoing hemodialysis treatm ent and on the kidney transplant. Twentysix patients agreed to participate in the study waiting list of . Because of the inclusion criteria, one of them had to be excluded . Then, a clinical and periapical radiographic examination was performed in 25 patien ts, where the DMFT index was determined considering the age groups, as well as the presence of apical periodontitis and the indication of endodontic treatment or tooth extraction. Patients also reported oral health practices and symptomatology during anamn esis. In 12 patients less than one tooth with dental carie was detected and the average of teeth with dental caries per patient was 2.64. The DMFT index was 12.66 for patients aged 23 to 34 years, a rate considered moderate by the WHO; DMFT of 15.71 for pa tients aged 35 to 44 years and 17.16 for patients aged 45 to 64 years, rates considered "high" by the WHO. Apical periodontitis was observed in 32% of patients and the average of lesions per patient was 2.37. The total apical periodontitis presents 7 indic ators of endodontic treatment and 6 of tooth extraction. Absence of caries and / or apical periodontics was observed in only 10 of 25 patients. It was concluded that patients with chronic kidney disease suffer a high incidence of dental caries and a high p revalence of periapical periodontitis(AU)

Extrações dentárias autorrelatadas e fatores associados em comunidades quilombolas do Semiárido baiano, em 2016 / Extracciones dentales auto-relatadas y factores asociados en comunidades quilombolas del Semi-árido bahiano, Brasil, en 2016 / Self-reported tooth extractions and associated factors in quilombola communities in the semi-arid region of Bahia state, Brazil, 2016

Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de extrações dentárias autorrelatadas e analisar os fatores associados em comunidades quilombolas de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal, com 864 quilombolas; a associação entre autorrelato de extrações dentárias (sem experiência de extração; ≤5 dentes extraídos; >5 dentes extraídos) e possíveis fatores associados foi estimada por meio da regressão logística multinomial, considerando-se 95% de intervalo de confiança (IC95%). Resultados: extrações dentárias foram autorrelatadas por 82,0% dos quilombolas, sendo 49,8% com ≤5 e 32,2% com >5 dentes extraídos; ser do sexo masculino (OR ajustada = 1,7 - IC95% 1,1;2,7), encontrar-se empregado sem carteira assinada (OR ajustada = 2,7 - IC95% 1,3;5,7), ter idade ≥60 anos (OR ajustada = 5,2 - IC95% 1,9;14,1) e ter tido cárie dentária (OR ajustada = 4,1 - IC95% 2,5;6,7) associaram-se a maiores chances de ter extraído dentes. Conclusão: extrações dentárias estão associadas a condições de vulnerabilidade social vivenciadas pelos quilombolas do Semiárido baiano.

Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia de extracciones dentales auto-relatadas y analizar los factores asociados en las comunidades quilombolas de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil. Métodos: estudio transversal, con 864 quilombolas; la asociación entre auto-relato de extracciones dentales (sin experiencia de extracción, ≤5 dientes extraídos y >5 dientes extraídos) y los posibles factores asociados fue estimada a través de la regresión logística multinomial considerando el 95% de intervalo de confianza (IC95%). Resultados: extracciones dentales fueron auto-relatadas por el 82,0%, siendo 49,8% con ≤5 y 32,2% con >5 dientes extraídos; sexo masculino (Odds Ratio ajustado = 1,7 - IC95%1,1;2,7), trabajadores sin estar en planilla (OR ajustado = 2,7 - IC95%1,3;5,7), con edad ≥60 (OR ajustado = 5,2 - IC95%1,9;14,1) y que mencionaron haber tenido caries dentales (OR ajustado = 4,1 - IC95%2,5;6,7), se asociaron a más probabilidades de haber extraído los dientes. Conclusión: extracciones dentales parecen estar asociadas a condiciones de vulnerabilidades sociales vividas por los quilombolas del Semiárido bahiano.

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of self-reported tooth extractions and analyze associated factors in quilombola communities in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study, with 864 quilombolas; association between self-reported tooth extractions (no experience of extraction; ≤5 extracted teeth; >5 extracted teeth), and possible associated factors was estimated using multinomial logistic regression, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results: tooth extractions were self-reported by 82.0% of quilombolas, 49.8% of whom had ≤5 teeth extracted and 32.2% of whom had >5 teeth extracted; greater likelihood of tooth extraction was associated with being male (adjusted OR = 1.7 - 95%CI1.1;2.7), working as an unregistered worker (adjusted OR = 2.7 - 95%CI1.3;5.7), being ≥60 years old (adjusted OR = 5.2 - 95%CI1.9;14.1) and reporting having dental caries (adjusted OR = 4.1 - 95%CI2.5;6.7). Conclusion: tooth extractions are associated with social vulnerability conditions experienced by the quilombolas of the semi-arid region of Bahia state.

Análise das exodontias realizadas na atenção primária da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte / Analysis of tooth extractions performed in the primary health care of the Belo Horizonte metropolitan region

Objetivo: Analisar as exodontias de dentes permanentes (exodontia de dente permanente e múltipla com alveoloplastia por sextante) realizadas na atenção primária da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (RMBH). Métodos:Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado o banco de dados da produtividade da atenção primária, da RMBH, ano de 2017, disponibilizado pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A variável dependente foi o indicador nº 21 do SUS, que corresponde ao percentual de exodontias realizadas dentre os procedimentos da atenção primária, cujo parâmetro deve ser ≤ 8% (≤ 8% e > 8%). As variáveis independentes foram: dados sociodemográficos (localização, população, Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano ­ IDH e Índice de Gini) e de saúde (cobertura de Estratégia de Saúde da Família ­ ESF e Equipes de Saúde Bucal ­ ESB e presença de Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas ­ CEO). Associações foram avaliadas por meio dos testes do Qui-Quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher (p < 0,05), utilizando o programa SPSS 22.0. Resultados:Foram analisados 49 municípios, sendo 67,3% do núcleo metropolitano. A mediana populacional foi de 25.537 habitantes, com IDH médio de 0,707 e Índice de Gini mediano de 0,464. As medianas de cobertura da ESF e ESB foram, respectivamente, 96,7% e 52,7%. Apenas 32,7% dos municípios apresentaram CEO. O indicador nº 21 do SUS apresentou uma mediana de 6,7%. Não houve associação entre o indicador nº 21 do SUS e as variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde (p > 0,05). Conclusão:A RMBH apresentou valores satisfatórios em relação ao percentual de exodontias realizadas, provavelmente devido aos bons indicadores socioeconômicos e de saúde bucal apresentados.

Aim: To analyze the extractions of permanent teeth (extraction of permanent teeth and extraction of multiple teeth with alveoloplasty per sextant), performed in a primary health care unit of the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (MRBH). Methods:For data collection, the primary care productivity database of 2017 from MRBH, provided by the Department of Information Technology of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS in Portuguese), was used. The dependent variable was the SUS indicator number 21, which corresponds to the percentage of extractions performed among primary dental care procedures, whose parameter must be ≤ 8% ( ≤ 8% and > 8%). The independent variables were: sociodemographic data (location, population, Human Development Index (HDI), and Gini Index) and health (coverage of Family Health Strategy (FHS) and Oral Health Teams (OHT), as well as the presence of Dental Specialty Centers (DCS). Associations were evaluated using the Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests (p < 0.05), using the SPSS 22.0 program. Results: This study analyzed 49 municipalities, 67.3% of which were metropolitan areas. The median population was 25,537 inhabitants, with a mean HDI of 0.707 and a median Gini index of 0.464. The median coverage of ESF and ESB were 96.7% and 52.7%, respectively. Only 32.7% of the municipalities presented CEO. The SUS indicator number 21 presented a median of 6.7%. No association was found between the SUS indicator number 21 and the sociodemographic and health variables (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The MRBH presented satisfactory values in relation to the percentage of tooth extractions, most likely due to the good socioeconomic and oral health indicators presented.

Presença de Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas e sua relação com a realização de exodontias na rede de atenção de saúde bucal no Brasil / Presence of Specialized Dentistry Centers and the relationship with dental extractions in the oral healthcare network in Brazil / Presencia de Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas y su relación con la realización de exodoncias en la red de atención de salud bucal en Brasil

Resumo: Objetivou-se avaliar a associação entre presença de Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) e a proporção de exodontias em relação ao total de procedimentos odontológicos em serviços públicos do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, em que foram avaliados dados sociodemográficos, dos serviços de saúde bucal e produção ambulatorial de 5.333 municípios nos biênios de 2000/2001 e 2015/2016. A principal variável de exposição foi a presença de CEO, e o desfecho a média nacional da proporção de exodontias em relação ao número de procedimentos odontológicos preventivos e curativos. Foram realizadas análises de interação e regressão múltipla usando modelo binomial com função de ligação logito. A média nacional da proporção de exodontias em relação aos procedimentos odontológicos preventivos e curativos foi 27,07% e 15,11% em 2000/2001 e 2015/2016, respectivamente. Na análise de interação entre a presença de CEO e a cobertura superior a 80% de equipes de saúde bucal (ESB), houve menores proporções de exodontias em relação aos procedimentos odontológicos preventivos e curativos (OR = 0,71; IC95%: 0,71-0,72). Na análise de regressão múltipla, municípios com Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano entre 0,6-0,7 (OR = 0,77; IC95%: 0,77-0,77), Produto Interno Bruto per capita maior que 20 mil Reais (OR = 0,45; IC95%: 0,45-045) e maior população residente em zona urbana (OR = 0,72; IC95%: 0,72-0,72) apresentaram menor proporção de exodontias em relação aos procedimentos odontológicos preventivos e curativos em 2015/2016. Conclui-se que ocorreram menores proporções de exodontias em relação aos procedimentos odontológicos preventivos e curativos em municípios com ao menos um CEO e com mais de 80% de cobertura de ESB, o que aponta que municípios com Rede de Atenção à Saúde Bucal consolidada têm melhor desempenho na oferta de cuidados odontológicos.

Abstract: This study aimed to assess the association between the presence of Specialized Dentistry Centers and dental extractions as a proportion of all dental procedures in public services in Brazil. This was an ecological study that assessed sociodemographic data, oral health services, and outpatient production in 5,333 municipalities in 2000-2001 and 2015-2016. The principal exposure variable was the presence of Specialized Dentistry Centers, and the outcome was the mean national proportion of dental extractions in relation to all preventive and curative dental procedures. Interaction and multiple regression analyses were performed using a binomial model with log link function. The mean national proportions of dental extractions in relation to preventive and curative dental procedures were 27.07% and 15.11% in 2000-2001 and 2015-2016, respectively. In the analysis of interaction between the presence of Specialized Dentistry Centers and coverage greater than 80% by the oral health teams, there were lower proportions of dental extractions in relation to preventive and curative dental procedures (OR = 0.71; 95%CI: 0.71-0.72). In the multiple regression analysis, municipalities with Human Development Index of 0.6-0.7 (OR = 0.77; 95%CI: 0.77-0.77), annual per capita GDP greater than BRL 20,000 (OR = 0.45; 95%CI: 0.45-045), and proportionally higher urban populations (OR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.72-0.72) showed fewer dental extractions as a proportion of all preventive and curative dental procedures in 2015-2016. In conclusion, there were lower proportions of tooth extractions in municipalities with at least one Specialized Dentistry Center and with a coverage of greater than 80% by the oral health teams, highlighting that municipalities with a consolidated Oral Health Care Network present better performance in the supply of dental care.

Resumen: Este trabajo tuvo el objetivo de evaluar la asociación entre la presencia de Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) y su proporción de exodoncias, en relación con el total de procedimientos odontológicos en los servicios públicos de Brasil. Se trata de un estudio ecológico, en que se evaluaron datos sociodemográficos, servicios de salud bucal y atención ambulatoria en 5.333 municipios, durante los bienios de 2000/2001 y 2015/2016. La principal variable de exposición fue la presencia de CEO y el resultado la media nacional de la proporción de exodoncias, respecto al número de procedimientos odontológicos preventivos y curativos. Se realizó tanto un análisis de interacción, como de regresión múltiple, usando un modelo binomial con función de vinculación logit. La media nacional de la proporción de exodoncias, en relación con los procedimientos odontológicos preventivos y curativos, fue 27,07% y 15,11% en 2000/2001 y 2015/2016, respectivamente. En el análisis de interacción entre la presencia de CEO y la cobertura superior a un 80% de equipos de salud bucal (ESB) hubo menores proporciones de exodoncias, en relación con los procedimientos odontológicos preventivos y curativos (OR = 0,71; IC95%: 0,71-0,72). En el análisis de regresión múltiple, los municipios con un Índice de Desarrollo Humano entre 0,6-0,7 (OR = 0,77; IC95%: 0,77-0,77), PIB per cápita mayor que BRL 20.000 (OR = 0,45; IC95%: 0,45-045) y mayor población residente en zona urbana (OR = 0,72; IC95%: 0,72-0,72) presentaron una menor proporción de exodoncias, respecto a los procedimientos odontológicos preventivos y curativos en 2015/2016. Se concluye que hubo menores proporciones de exodoncias, en lo que respecta a los procedimientos odontológicos preventivos y curativos en municipios con al menos un CEO, y con más de un 80% de cobertura de ESB, lo que apunta a que los municipios con una Red de Atención a la Salud Bucal consolidada tienen un mejor desempeño en la oferta de cuidados odontológicos.

Evaluation of the Bleeding Intensity of Patients Anticoagulated with Warfarin or Dabigatran Undergoing Dental Procedures / Avaliação da Intensidade de Sangramento de Procedimentos Odontológicos em Pacientes Anticoagulados com Varfarina ou Dabigatrana

Abstract Background: Thrombotic disorders remain one of the leading causes of death in the Western world. Dabigatran appeared as an alternative to warfarin for anticoagulation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). The risk associated with bleeding due to its use has been documented in several randomized clinical trials, but no large study has examined in detail the risk of bleeding during dental extraction and other dental procedures involving bleeding. Objective: To compare the intensity of bleeding in individuals taking dabigatran or vitamin K antagonist (warfarin) and undergoing dental procedures. Methods: Prospective, single-center, controlled study with one single observer. Patients diagnosed with nonvalvular AF, on warfarin or dabigatran, cared for at a cardiology referral center, and requiring single or multiple dental extractions, were evaluated up to seven days post-extraction. The following outcomes were assessed: bleeding time between the beginning and the end of suture and complete hemostasis; bleeding before the procedure, after 24 hours, 48 hours, 7 days, during and after suture removal (late); p<0.05 was defined as of statistical relevance. Results: We evaluated 37 individuals, 25 in the warfarin group and 12 in the dabigatran group. Age, sex, weight, height, blood pressure, color, schooling, family income and comorbidities were similar between the two groups. Regarding bleeding after 24 hours of the procedure, no one in the dabigatran group had bleeding, whereas 32% in the warfarin group had documented bleeding (p = 0.028). The other variables analyzed did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: This study suggests that, regarding dental extraction, there is no statistically significant difference in the intensity of bleeding of patients taking dabigatran as compared to those taking warfarin. Bleeding 24 hours after the procedure was less frequent among patients on dabigatran.

Resumo Fundamento: Distúrbios trombóticos permanecem como uma das principais causas de morte no mundo ocidental. A dabigatrana surgiu como alternativa à varfarina para a anticoagulação no tratamento da fibrilação atrial (FA). O risco associado a eventos hemorrágicos com a sua utilização foi documentado em vários ensaios clínicos randomizados, mas nenhum grande estudo analisou detalhadamente o risco de hemorragia durante a extração dentária e em outros procedimentos odontológicos que envolvam sangramentos. Objetivo: Em indivíduos submetidos a procedimentos odontológicos, avaliar a intensidade de sangramento com o uso de dabigatrana em comparação ao uso de anticoagulante oral antagonista da vitamina K (varfarina). Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, controlado, unicêntrico, observador único. Pacientes com diagnóstico de FA não valvar atendidos em um centro de referência em cardiologia e com indicação de anticoagulação que necessitavam de tratamento odontológico para exodontia única ou múltipla, estando em uso de varfarina ou dabigatrana e avaliados até sete dias pós-exodontia. Foram avaliados os efeitos sobre: tempo de sangramento entre o início e o fim da sutura e hemostasia completa; sangramento antes do procedimento, após 24 e 48 horas, 7 dias, durante e após a remoção da sutura (tardio), sendo considerado como estatisticamente significativo valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: Foram avaliados 37 indivíduos, sendo 25 no grupo varfarina e 12 no dabigatrana. Idade, sexo, peso, altura, pressão arterial, cor, escolaridade, renda familiar e comorbidades foram semelhantes nos dois grupos. Em relação ao sangramento 24 horas após o procedimento, ninguém do grupo dabigatrana apresentou sangramento, que esteve presente em 32% do grupo varfarina (p = 0,028). Não houve diferenças entre os grupos em relação às outras variáveis analisadas. Conclusões: Os dados deste estudo permitem sugerir que, em indivíduos submetidos a procedimento odontológico de exodontia, não há diferença estatisticamente significante na intensidade de sangramento em uso de dabigatrana em comparação ao uso de varfarina. Há uma menor frequência de sangramento 24 horas após o procedimento nos indivíduos em uso de dabigatrana.

Desconfortos associados às cirurgias de extração dentária e construção de instrumento de medida (QCirDental). Parte I: impactos e consistência interna / Discomfort associated with dental extraction surgery and development of a questionnaire (QCirDental). Part I: Impacts and internal consistency

Resumo O estudo objetivou criar um instrumento de medida que pudesse quantificar os desconfortos associados ao procedimento cirúrgico de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias dento-alveolares (QCirDental). O instrumento QCirDental foi desenvolvido em duas etapas iniciais: (1) geração e seleção das perguntas ou itens e, (2) teste do instrumento com avaliação das propriedades de medida (consistência interna e responsividade). A amostra foi composta por 123 pacientes. Nenhum deles apresentou qualquer dificuldade em entender o QCirDental. O instrumento mostrou excelente consistência interna com coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,83. A análise de componentes principais (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy 0,72 e Bartlett's Test of Sphericity com p < 0,001) mostrou seis (6) dimensões do instrumento que explicam 67,5% da variância. O QCirDental possui excelente consistência interna, sendo um instrumento de fácil leitura e interpretação compatível com uma adequada validade semântica e de conteúdo. Mais de 80% dos pacientes submetidos a extrações dentárias de rotina odontológica apresentam algum desconforto ou incomodo no período transoperatório o que ressalta a necessidade de utilização de um instrumento para avaliação de cuidados.

Abstract The scope of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire (QCirDental) to measure the impacts associated with dental extraction surgery. The QCirDental questionnaire was developed in two steps; (1) question and item generation and selection, and (2) pretest of the questionnaire with evaluation of the its measurement properties (internal consistency and responsiveness). The sample was composed of 123 patients. None of the patients had any difficulty in understanding the QCirDental. The instrument was found to have excellent internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.83. The principal component analysis (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy 0,72 and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity with p < 0.001) showed six (6) dimensions explaining 67.5% of the variance. The QCirDental presented excellent internal consistency, being a questionnaire that is easy to read and understand with adequate semantic and content validity. More than 80% of the patients who underwent dental extraction reported some degree of discomfort within the perioperative period which highlights the necessity to assess the quality of care and impacts of dental extraction surgery.

Dolor crónico del maxilar. presentación de un caso / Chronic pain of the maxilla. presentation of a case

Se presentó el caso de una paciente de 31 años de edad atendida en el Departamento de Patología bucal de la Universidad de San Gregorio de Portoviejo, Ecuador, con historia de dolor de más de dos años de duración en el maxilar derecho luego de una extracción dentaria. Se abordaron aspectos de la semiotecnia diagnóstica y el tratamiento. Se realizó una revisión actualizada de la literatura científica sobre el tema(AU)

It was presented a case of 31-year-old female patient admitted at the Department of Oral Pathology at the University of San Gregorio of Portoviejo, Ecuador, with a history of pain of more than two years in the right maxilla after a tooth extraction. Aspects of diagnostic, semiotic and treatment are exposed. An updated review of the scientific literature on the subject is made(AU)

Acutely infected teeth: to extract or not to extract?

Abstract: Not only laymen but also dentists generally believe that extraction of acutely infected teeth should be avoided until the infection subdues by using systemic antibiotics. The aim of this study was to compare perioperative complications in routine extractions of acutely infected teeth with extractions of asymptomatic teeth. This prospective study was performed with 82 patients. Severe pain on percussion of the relevant tooth was considered as basic criteria for acute infection. The acutely infected teeth were labeled as the study group (n = 35) and the asymptomatic teeth as the control group (n = 47). The extractions were done using standard procedures. The amount of anesthetic solution used and duration of extractions were recorded. Postoperative severe pain and exposed bone with no granulation tissue in the extraction socket were indications of alveolar osteitis (AO). The level of statistical significance was accepted as 0.05. Symptoms that could indicate systemic response, including fever, fatigue, and shivering were not found. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of AO, amount of anesthetic solution used, and duration of extraction. The presence of an acute infection characterized by severe percussion pain is not a contraindication for tooth extraction. Infected teeth should be extracted as soon as possible and the procedure should not be postponed by giving antibiotics.

Efectividad del tratamiento homeopático en extracciones complicadas o laboriosas / Effectiveness of homeopathic treatment in complicated or laborious extractions

Se realizó un estudio de intervención terapéutica en 70 pacientes de 19 a 75 años de edad, pertenecientes al Policlínico Universitario Camilo Torres Restrepo de Santiago de Cuba, desde junio del 2014 hasta febrero del 2015, con vistas a evaluar la efectividad del tratamiento homeopático con Hyperycum y Arnica montana en las extracciones dentarias complicadas o laboriosas de estos pacientes. Para ello se confeccionaron 2 grupos de forma alterna: uno de estudio, que recibió tratamiento homeopático, y otro de control, al cual se le aplicó la terapia convencional. A los afectados se les realizó examen clínico e interrogatorio y se recogieron las variables en una planilla de recolección de datos. Para evaluar los resultados se aplicó la prueba no paramétrica de Ji al cuadrado. Se concluyó que el tratamiento homeopático fue más efectivo que el convencional, puesto que se redujeron los síntomas y signos en el menor tiempo posible.

A therapeutic intervention study was carried out in 70 patients from 19 to 75 years, belonging to Camilo Torres Restrepo University Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba, from June, 2014 to February, 2015, with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of homeopathic treatment with Hyperycum and Arnica montana in complicated or difficult tooth extractions in these patients. For this purpose, two groups were made in an alternate way: a study group which received homeopathic treatment, and a control group, to which the conventional therapy was applied. Clinical exam and interrogation were carried out to those who were affected and the variables were collected in a chart for data. To evaluate the results Chi square non parametric test was applied. It was concluded that the homeopathic treatment was more effective than the conventional one, since it decreased the symptoms and signs in the shorest possible time.

Condição de saúde bucal e motivos para extração dentária entre uma população de adultos (20-64 anos) / Oral health condition and reasons for tooth extraction among an adult population (20-64 years old)

Resumo O presente estudo caracterizou a condição de saúde bucal e os principais motivos autorrelatados da extração dentária em uma população de adultos. Estudo transversal que examinou 248 adultos de 20-64 anos, representativos da população de Piracicaba (SP). O exame bucal domiciliar utilizou os índices CPOD, CPI, uso e necessidade de prótese dentária segundo critérios da OMS e presença de biofilme visível. Foram coletados dados demográficos, socioeconômicos e motivos da extração dentária por meio de questionário. A análise descritiva foi estratificada pela idade em 20-44 e 45-64 anos. O CPOD médio foi 20,37, P = 3,34 nos adultos jovens e P = 13,41 nos mais velhos. Bolsa periodontal (CPI ≥ 3) foi encontrada em 20,5% dos adultos jovens e 53,0% dos mais velhos. Enquanto 38,8% usavam prótese superior, 46,7% necessitavam de prótese inferior. A dor foi o motivo autorrelatado mais prevalente para realização da extração dentária, sendo esta escolha principalmente pela falta de outra opção de tratamento e no serviço privado. Conclui-se que os adultos jovens (20-44 anos) apresentaram menos dentes perdidos e doença periodontal, uso e necessidade de prótese. Dor e falta de opção de outros tratamentos foram os principais motivos autorrelatados para realização das extrações dentárias.

Abstract The study characterized the oral health condition and main self-reported reasons for tooth extraction in an adult population. The cross-sectional study examined 248 adults aged 20-64 years, representative of the population of Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. The oral examination conducted in households used the DMFT and CPI indexes, use and necessity of prosthodontics according to the WHO criteria and the presence of visible biofilm. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected along with reasons for tooth extraction through a questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was stratified by age in groups: 20-44 and 45-64 years old. The average DMFT was 20.37 (EP = 0.50), P = 3.34 (EP = 0.33) for young adults and P = 13.41 (EP = 1.45) for the older adults. Gingival pockets (CPI ≥ 3) were found on 20.5% of young adults and 53.0% of the older ones. While 38.8% used upper prosthesis, 46.7% needed lower prosthesis. Pain was the most prevalent self-reported reason for tooth extraction (37.5%), being this choice primarily because of lack of another treatment option (52%) and done in the private sector (47.2%). We concluded that young adults (20-44 years old) showed less missing teeth, periodontal diseases, and need for prosthetic use. Pain and lack of options of other treatments were the main self-reported reasons for performing tooth extractions.

Los dolores de Don Porfirio / Don Porfirio´s woes

Incluso sin la historia médica de Don Porfi rio, sólo por escuchar unainteresante crónica del historiador Juan Manuel Villalpando, hoy en el centenario de su muerte, y ante la encontrada opinión de quienes sin saber mucho de historia lo juzgan como un tirano dictador y otros más enterados y ante el legado histórico y cultural lo llaman héroe liberal. Éste es un relato alineado y paralelo a lo que probablemente pasó en la boca y dientes de Don Porfirio cuando su encía desguarnecida ostentaba dolor en algunos dientes. Con las obras consultadas y las fuentesencontradas no sabemos bien qué fue lo más doloroso; tal vez el dolor de la derrota, o el dolor insoportable por una muela rota

Though a detailed medical history of Porfirio Díaz has yet to be un-covered, much can be learned from an interesting chronicle published by historian Juan Manuel Villalpando in what is the centenary of the death of this former Mexican president, one regarded as a tyrant dicta-tor by those with only a limited knowledge of history, while the more informed proclaim him to be a liberal hero, based on his historical and cultural legacy. This complementary and parallel account provides a picture of what is likely to have been going on in the mouth and teeth of the president as he endured the exposed gum and the toothache that affected several of Don Porfi rio's teeth. Based on the works consulted and sources found, we cannot be certain which was the greater of Don Pofi rio's woes: the pain of defeat or the unbearable agony of a broken tooth.

Bisphosphonate associated osteomyelitis of the jaw in patients with bony exposure: prevention, a new way of thinking

Objective There is strong evidence of a link between the use of systemic bisphosphonates (BPs) and osteonecrosis of the jaw, especially in cancer patients. Among risk factors for BRONJ, tooth extraction and immune suppressive drugs seem to have significant role on bone healing. Therefore, the importance of these parameters in development of BRONJ was reviewed in this retrospective study in two maxillofacial surgery units. Material and Methods From 2007 to 2012, 46 patients on bisphosphonate who had developed oral bony lesions participated in this study. The pharmacological exposure, comorbidities, maxillofacial findings, types of treatment and outcome data were collected from clinical and radiological records. Results The most frequently used BP was alendronate (67%). Tooth extraction was reported in 61% of patients with BRONJ. Systemic corticosteroids were prescribed in 35 cases (76%) as an adjuvant for BP. Patients on corticosteroids had a lower probability of bony lesion healing (p<0.05) than patients without corticosteroids. Of the 46 patients who underwent conservative treatments, only ten were completely healed (21%). Conclusions Beside tooth extraction, corticosteroids were shown to be an implant risk factor for low rate of bone healing and hence the development of BRONJ. The outcome of conservative treatment was uncertain and this emphasizes the importance of prevention. .

Desigualdade na utilização de serviços de saúde bucal na atenção básica e fatores associados em dois municípios brasileiros / Inequalities in oral health care use in the primary care setting and associated factors in two Brazilian municipalities

OBJETIVO: Investigar os fatores associados à desigualdade no uso de serviços de saúde bucal da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF)medida pelo indicador realização de exodontia. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um inquérito populacional de base domiciliar em dois municípios do Estado da Bahia, Brasil, com 100% de cobertura da ESF. Foram sorteados 10 setores censitários. Os domicílios foram definidos de forma sistemática. Para estimar a utilização dos serviços públicos, consideraram-se prevalência de 50%, erro amostral de 4% e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Agentes comunitários de saúde treinados entrevistaram informantes-chave, que responderam a questões sociodemográficas e de utilização dos serviços odontológicos em nome de todos os moradores do domicílio com 15 anos ou mais. Considerou-se a exodontia como desfecho principal. A razão de prevalência foi usada para aferir a associação entre exodontia e as variáveis preditoras. A razão de chances (odds ratio, OR) foi usada na análise de regressão logística multivariada. RESULTADOS: Foram coletados dados de 2 539 indivíduos, dos quais 682 (26,86%) haviam utilizado o serviço de saúde bucal da atenção básica nos últimos 12 meses. A exodontia foi realizada em 218 (31,96%) dos 682 pacientes da atenção básica. Receber benefício social (OR = 1,43; IC95%: 1,02 a 2,01), ter mais de 35 anos (OR = 1,59; IC95%: 1,12 a 2,27) e menor nível de escolaridade (OR = 1,81; IC95%: 1,27 a 2,56) foram variáveis associadas independentemente ao desfecho. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados apontam para a permanência de desigualdades históricas na utilização dos serviços de saúde bucal. Ações intersetoriais podem ser importantes para a melhoria da saúde bucal.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors associated with inequality in the use of oral health services in the Brazilian Family Health Program (Estratégia Saúde da Família, ESF) as measured by dental extractions. METHODS: A population-based household survey was carried out in two municipalities with full coverage by the ESF in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Ten census tracts were randomly selected. Households were selected by systematic sampling. To assess the use of public services by the population, a prevalence of 50%, sampling error of 4%, and confidence interval of 95% were considered. Trained community health workers conducted key informant interviews on use of oral health services and collected demographic data for all household members aged 15 years or older. Dental extraction was the main outcome. The association between dental extraction and predictive variables was assessed using prevalence ratio, and multivar logistic regression analysis was performed using odds ratio (OR). RESULTS: Data from 2 539 people was collected. Of these, 682 (26.86%) had used primary oral health care services in the previous 12 months. Dental extraction was performed in 218 (31.96%) out of 682 primary care patients. Being assisted by social programs (OR = 1.43; IC95%: 1.02-2.01), being older than 35 years (OR = 1.59; IC95%: 1.12-2.27), and having lower education levels (OR = 1.81; IC95%: 1.27-2.56) were independently associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest that historical inequalities of access to oral health services persist. Intersectoral actions may play an important role in improving oral health conditions.

Treatment needs for Dental Caries, Restorative Care Index, and Index of Extractions in adolescents 12 and 15 years old / Necesidades de tratamiento para Caries Dental, Indice de Cuidados Restauradores, e Índice de Extracciones en adolescentes de 12 y 15 años de edad

OBJECTIVE: To determine the Treatment Needs Index (TNI) for dental caries, the restorative Care Index (CI), and to introduce a Tooth Extractions Index (TEI) to estimate past and current treatment needs among Mexican adolescents. SUBJECT AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 1538 adolescents aged 12 and 15 years in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico, to collect decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) data to describe TNI, CI and TEI indices. RESULTS: Higher TNI was identified in younger male teenagers who had always lived in the same community, without dental visits in the last year, and who had poorer socio-economic markers. Higher CI was found in older, female subjects who had moved in their lifetimes to a new community in the area, with dental visits in the last year and who had better socio-economic markers. Higher TEI was found in older, female teenagers who had moved in their lifetimes to a new community in the area, without dental visits in the last year, and who had worse socio-economic markers. CONCLUSIONS: We observed high rates of treatment needs for dental caries and little experience of restorative treatment. While dental extractions due to advanced caries should ideally be zero, relatively few adolescents had this treatment experience. Despite the fact that the overall background of these adolescents is rather homogeneous, it was still possible to find that treatment needs'indices (past and present needs) appeared to be modified by sociodemographic and socio-economic variables.

OBJETIVO: Determinar las necesidades de tratamiento para caries dental (INT), el índice de cuidados restauradores (IC) así como proponer un índice que haga referencia a las extracciones dentales (IE), para estimar necesidades de tratamiento actual y pasada en adolescentes mexicanos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo en 1538 adolescentes de 12 y 15 años en el Estado de Hidalgo, México. Empleando el índice CPOD se calcularon los índices TNI e IC; asimismo se propone un IE a las que ha estado expuesta la población. RESULTADOS: El INT fue mayor en los de 12 años, hombres, los que vivieron siempre en la misma comunidad, que no tuvieron visita al dentista en el último año, y con marcado nivel socioeconómico bajo. El IC fue mayor en los sujetos de 15 años, las mujeres, con migración interna, que si tuvieron visita al dentista en el último año, y con mejor nivel socioeconómico. El IE fue mayor en los de 15 años, mujeres, con migración interna, que no tuvieron visita al dentista en el último año, y con peores condiciones socioeconómicas. CONCLUSIONES: Se observaron altas necesidades insatisfechas de tratamiento para caries dental y poca experiencia de tratamiento restaurador. Las extracciones se observaron en pocos adolescentes, considerando cero como ideal. A pesar de que los antecedentes de estos adolescentes es bastante homogéneo, fue posible encontrar que los índices de necesidades de tratamiento (necesidades presentes y pasadas) parecen ser modificados por variables socio-demográficas y socioeconómicas.

Indicadores socioeconômicos e serviços odontológicos em uma região brasileira desfavorecida / Socioeconomic indicators and oral health services in an underprivileged area of Brazil

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação entre proporção de exodontias, indicadores socioeconômicos e oferta de serviços odontológicos em uma região desfavorecida do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Um estudo ecológico foi realizado em 52 municípios do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os indicadores socioeconômicos utilizados foram os critérios de alocação de recursos financeiros destinados à saúde, os índices de desenvolvimento humano municipal, de Theil e de Gini e as condições de saneamento. Em relação à oferta de serviços de saúde bucal, foram considerados o número de habitantes, o número de cirurgiões-dentistas residentes no município, o número de dentistas que trabalhavam no serviço público e o número de equipes de saúde bucal. A utilização de serviços foi avaliada pelos indicadores de saúde bucal preconizados pelo Pacto da Atenção Básica e pelo número de procedimentos realizados na atenção primária. As 17 variáveis avaliadas foram agrupadas em componentes. Analisou-se a relação entre esses componentes fatoriais e a variável dependente, proporção de exodontias. RESULTADOS: As variáveis foram agrupadas em seis componentes (condições socioeconômicas, desigualdades sociais, indicadores do Pacto da Atenção Básica, número de procedimentos realizados, razão dentistas:população, cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família) que explicaram, no conjunto, 73,5% da variância total. As desigualdades na distribuição de renda (P = 0,031) e a cobertura da Estratégia Saúde da Família (P = 0,015) tiveram significativamente maior peso para explicar a diferença na proporção de exodontias realizadas nos municípios estudados. CONCLUSÕES: Os fatores socioeconômicos e de organização dos serviços de saúde bucal explicam grande parte da mutilação dentária nessa região.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between the proportion of tooth extractions, socioeconomic indicators, and the availability of oral health services in an underprivileged area of Brazil. METHODS: An ecological study was carried out in 52 municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The socioeconomic indicators employed were criteria for health care resources allocation, municipal human development index, Theil index, Gini coefficient, and sanitation conditions. Concerning the availability of oral health services, the following were considered: number of inhabitants, number of dental surgeons living in the city, number of dentists working in the public services, and number of municipal oral health care teams. The utilization of oral health services was evaluated using the indicators recommended by the Health Ministry's Basic Care Package (Pacto da Atencão Básica in Portuguese) and the number of procedures carried out in the primary care setting. The 17 variables assessed were grouped into factorial components, which were then analyzed in terms of their relationship with the dependent variable, tooth extractions. RESULTS: The following six components explained 73.5% of the overall variance: socioeconomic conditions, social inequality, Basic Care Package indicators, number of procedures carried out, ratio of dentists to inhabitants, and coverage of the Family Health Strategy. Inequalities in income distribution (P = 0.031) and coverage by the Family Health Strategy (P = 0.015) contributed significantly to explain the difference in the proportion of tooth extractions in the different municipalities under study. CONCLUSIONS: The dental loss observed in the region is largely explained by socioeconomic factors and aspects related to the organization of oral health services.