Análise do perfil microbiano de lesões orais potencialmente malignas / The microbial profile of potentially malignant oral disorders

As lesões orais potencialmente malignas são alterações que exibem maior risco de transformação maligna em comparação com a mucosa saudável. Apesar de sua relevância, a literatura ainda não definiu o papel da microbiota na etiologia e no processo de malignização dessas lesões. Assim, neste trabalho, realizamos um estudo do tipo caso controle de caráter longitudinal, prospectivo e quantitativo onde avaliamos as populações bacterianas do microbioma oral em pacientes com lesões orais potencialmente malignas. Para isso, utilizamos um questionário estruturado e coletamos swabs orais em pacientes portadores de leucoplasia, eritroplasia, líquen plano, lesão liquenóide oral e também controles saudáveis. Participaram do estudo 60 indivíduos, no período de coleta de 2018 à 2020,sendo 39 do grupo caso e 21 do grupo controle. A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo feminino (42/60; 70%) com média de idade de 57 anos, e mais da metade dos indivíduos eram não fumantes (35/60; 58,3%) e etilistas (36/60; 60%). Dentre os diagnósticos, observamos a maioria dos indivíduos com líquen plano oral/lesão liquenóide oral (13/39), seguidos de leucoplasia homogênea (10/39), eritroleucoplasia (8/39), leucoplasia verrucosa proliferativa (6/39) ou eritroplasia (2/39). A borda da língua foi o local mais comumente acometido, com a maioria apresentando múltiplos sítios (21/39). A displasia epitelial foi avaliada nas lesões, exceto líquen plano e lesões liquenóides, e 18 pacientes tiveram algum grau de displasia. Um total de 73 amostras tiveram a região V3-V4 do gene 16S rRNA amplificada e sequenciada, sendo 60 amostras referentes à primeira coleta e 13 ao segundo momento de coleta dos participantes do grupo caso, sendo que 3/13 desses indivíduos vieram a ter um diagnóstico de carcinoma espinocelular oral. Identificamos maior quantidade de genomas bacterianos por genomas humanos nas amostras do grupo caso, no entanto, a diversidade e composição bacteriana foram semelhantes entre casos e controles. No total, identificamos 9 filos, 15 classes, 24 ordens, 47 famílias e 67 gêneros bacterianos. O gênero mais abundante foi Streptococcus em ambos os grupos, com menor frequência nos casos. Encontramos ainda alta abundância dos gêneros Granulicatella e Blautia nos indivíduos com lesões orais e menor abundância de Methylobacterium, Lautropia e Oribacterium. Observamos também que a abundância de Granulicatella e Bergeyella foi maior nas lesões com displasia epitelial. A transformação maligna em carcinoma espinocelular oral ocorreu em 10/39 (25,6%) dos casos, onde a presença de displasia epitelial aparentou ser um fator de risco relevante. A diversidade bacteriana foi semelhante entre os indivíduos do grupo caso que sofreram ou não malignização, porém, a abundância dos gêneros Capnocytophaga, Finegoldia, Prevotella e Prevotella 2 foi maior nas amostras que sofreram malignização, mesmo antes do processo acontecer. Não encontramos diferenças na composição bacteriana entre os dois tempos de coleta, ao diagnóstico e após aproximadamente um ano, e também não observamos diferenças significativas na quantidade de DNA bacteriano e humano. Ao inferirmos as vias metabólicas derivadas das bactérias identificadas nas amostras, observamos também similaridade entre os grupos caso e controle, e apenas duas vias preditas apresentaram abundância com diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre ambos. Dessa maneira, nossos resultados sugerem que distúrbios orais potencialmente malignos podem estar associados a uma disbiose do microbioma oral, e que alguns gêneros bacterianos podem ser potenciais biomarcadores ou agentes importantes neste processo biológico.

Oral potentially malignant disorders have a higher risk of becoming cancer than healthy mucosal tissues. However, up until now, the literature did not define the role of the microbiota in the origin and development of malignancy in these lesions. Thus, here we conducted a longitudinal, prospective, and quantitative case-control study where we evaluated the bacterial composition of the oral microbiome in patients with potentially malignant lesions. Therefore, we used a structured questionnaire and performed oral swabs on patients with leukoplakia, erythroplakia, lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesion, and healthy controls. A total of 60 individuals, collected between 2018 to 2020, were enrolled in the study, of which 39 were cases and 21 were controls. The majority of patients were female (42/60; 70%) with a mean age of 57 years and over half of the individuals were non-smokers (35/60; 58.3%) and alcoholics (36/60; 60%). Among the diagnoses, there were oral lichen planus/oral lichenoid lesion (13/39), homogeneous leukoplakia (10/39), erythroleukoplakia (8/39), proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (6/39) and erythroplakia (2/39). The tongue edge was the most common location affected, with the majority having multiple sites (21/39). Epithelial dysplasia was assessed in the lesions, except for lichen planus and lichenoid lesions, and 18 patients had some degree of dysplasia. A total of 73 samples had the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene amplified and sequenced, in which 60 samples were collected at diagnosis (first collection point) and 13 samples were collected after approximately a year (second moment of collection). At least 03/13 of these patients were later diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma. We identified a higher amount of bacterial per human genomes in the samples of the case group, however, the bacterial diversity and composition were similar between cases and controls. We identified 9 phyla, 15 classes, 24 orders, 47 families, and 67 bacterial genera. The most abundant genus was Streptococcus in both groups, with lower relative frequency in the individuals with potentially malignant lesions. We found a higher abundance of the genera Granulicatella and Blautia in the cases and lower abundance of Methylobacterium, Lautropia, and Oribacterium. We also observed that the abundance of Granulicatella and Bergeyella increased in the lesions with epithelial dysplasia. Malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma occurred in 10/39 (25.6%) of the cases patients, where the presence of epithelial dysplasia was a relevant risk factor. The bacterial diversity was similar between the individuals in the case group regardless if they malignized or not, however, the abundance of the genera Capnocytophaga, Finegoldia, Prevotella, and Prevotella 2 was higher in the samples that underwent malignization, even before this process took place. We did not find significant differences in the bacterial composition between the two collection points and we also did not observe significant differences in their amount of bacterial and human DNA. When inferring the metabolic pathways derived from the bacteria identified in the samples, we also observed similarity between the case and control groups, and only two predicted pathways showed abundance with statistically significant differences between them. Thus, our results suggest that potentially malignant oral disorders may be associated with a dysbiosis of the oral microbiome, and that some bacterial genera may be potential biomarkers or important agents in this biological process.

Incidencia de patologías bucomaxilares en un período de aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio de la pandemia COVID-19 / Incidence of buccomaxillofacial pathologies in a period of preventive and mandatory social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic

La urgencia en la práctica odontológica incluye no solo la atención de pacientes con dolor e infección, sino también la atención de pacientes que presentan patologías con presunción diagnóstica de agresividad y/o malignidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la incidencia de las patologías bucomaxilares biopsiadas en el Servicio de Urgencias y Orientación de Pacientes (SUyOP), y diagnosticadas en el Laboratorio de Patología Quirúrgica de la Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica (LPQ-CAP) de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (FOUBA), en un período del Aislamiento Social Preventivo y Obligatorio de la pandemia COVID-19. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de pacientes que se presentaron para la atención odontológica en el período de tiempo comprendido entre el 20 de marzo al 21 de junio de 2020. Se registraron los pacientes que presentaron lesiones bucales con indicación de biopsia. Del total de pacientes evaluados (4854), 48 presentaron patologías con presunción diagnóstica de agresividad y/o malignidad. Las patologías más frecuentes fueron las neoplasias malignas (21 casos), siendo la entidad prevalente el carcinoma de células escamosas. Para el LPQ-CAP, las muestras biópsicas remitidas por el SUyOP representaron el 44% del total de las muestras recibidas. Si bien la incidencia de patologías bucomaxilares biopsiadas y diagnosticadas fue baja (1%) es de destacar que el diagnóstico histopatológico correspondió, en la mayoría de los casos, a patologías neoplásicas. De allí la importancia de la atención de urgencia a pacientes que presentan lesiones con presunción diagnóstica de malignidad/agresividad (AU)

Prevalencia de los genotipos de HPV en lesiones pre invasoras de alto grado de malignidad y cáncer de cuello uterino en la población del Hospital de Clínicas: Montevideo-Uruguay / Prevalence of HPV genotypes in cervical high risk intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer in the population of Hospital de Clínicas: Montevideo-Uruguay / Prevalência de genótipos de HPV em lesões pré-invasivas com alto grau de malignidade e câncer de colo do útero na população do Hospital de Clínicas: Montevidéu, Uruguai

El Cáncer de Cuello Uterino (CCU) es un problema de Salud pública a nivel mundial. Su indiscutible asociación con el Virus del papiloma humano (HPV) hace necesario su estudio. El objetivo de este trabajo, es conocer la prevalencia de los diferentes genotipos de HPV, en lesiones pre invasoras de alto grado de malignidad (HSIL) y/o cáncer de cuello uterino. Material y Métodos: Todas las Mujeres que fueron derivadas a pol de TGI del H Clínicas entre enero del 2011 y diciembre de 2012, por un PAP sospechoso de lesión y en las que se confirmó luego un HSIL o cáncer cervical fueron tipificadas. Se recabaron datos de edad, tipo de lesión y genotipificación. La extracción de ADN viral se realizó a partir de muestras cervico vaginales conservadas en medio de transporte comercial (Sacace) mediante el kit QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN). Se buscaron 14 genotipos de alto riesgo. Resultados: Se tipificaron 75 pacientes, 19 con CCU y 56 con HSIL. El HPV 16 fue el más prevalente en un 61,5 % para las infecciones únicas y en un casi 100 % para las múltiples y un 60% para el total de las lesiones, seguido en prevalencia por los HPV 31,33 y 45. El HPV 18 fue muy poco prevalente. Conclusiones: En esta muestra, la prevalencia del HPV 16 está acorde con las publicaciones nacionales siendo el más frecuente. El HPV 18 tiene muy baja prevalencia siendo 2 casos en 75, siempre en infecciones múltiples.

Cervical Cancer (CC) is a public health problem worldwide. Its indisputable association with the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) makes its study necessary. The objective of this work is to know the prevalence of the different HPV genotypes, in pre-invasive high-grade malignant lesions (HSIL) and / or cervical cancer. Material and Methods: All women who were referred to Low genital tract service in the Hospital de Clinicas between January 2011 and December 2012, for a PAP suspected of injury and in which HSIL or cervical cancer was later confirmed were typified. Data on age, type of lesion and genotyping were collected. The viral DNA extraction was carried out from cervico-vaginal samples preserved in commercial transport medium (Sacace) using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN). 14 high-risk genotypes were searched. Results: 75 patients were typified, 19 with CCU and 56 with HSIL. HPV 16 was the most prevalent in 61.5% for single infections and almost 100% for multiple infections and 60% for all lesions, followed in prevalence by HPV 31,33 and 45. The HPV 18 was very rare. Conclusions: In this sample, the prevalence of HPV 16 is in accordance with national publications, being the most frequent. HPV 18 has a very low prevalence, being 2 cases in 75, always in multiple infections.

O câncer cervical é um problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. E um câncer com uma ligação comprovada com o vírus do papiloma humano. O objetivo é conhecer a prevalência dos diferentes genótipos do HPV em mulheres que apresentam neoplasias pré-invasivas de alto grau e câncer de colo do útero, que foram tratadas e diagnosticadas no Hospital de Clínicas entre janeiro de 2011 e dezembro de 2012. Material e Métodos: o estudo foi realizado em 75 pacientes do Hospital de Clinicas, com diagnóstico histológico de Câncer Cervical e lesões intraepiteliais de alto grau para as quais foi realizado o tipageme do HPV alto risco. Resultados: 75 pacientes foram tipificados, 19 com CCU e 56 com HSIL. O HPV 16 foi o mais prevalente em 61,5% para infecções únicas e quase 100% para infecções múltiplas e 60% para todas as lesões, seguido em prevalência pelo HPV 31,33 e 45. O HPV 18 era muito raro. Conclusões: Nesta amostra, a prevalência do HPV 16 está de acordo com as publicações nacionais, sendo a mais frequente. O HPV 18 tem prevalência muito baixa, sendo 2 casos em 75, sempre em infecções múltiplas.

Screening de lesiones orales malignas y potencialmente malignas en funcionarios de Universidad de Valparaíso y Universidad Viña del Mar durante los años 2016 - 2017 / Screening of malignant and potentially malignant oral lesions in employee of the University of Valparaíso and the University of Viña del Mar during 2016 - 2017

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia de lesiones orales malignas y potencialmente malignas (LPM) en funcionarios de la Universidad de Valparaíso y de Viña del Mar durante los años 2016 - 2017. Fueron citados 161 funcionarios, quienes accedieron a una encuesta que evaluaba factores de riesgo de cáncer oral (tabaco y alcohol) y si habían escuchado de la patología, sumado a un examen clínico. De los pacientes examinados, se diagnosticaron 121 lesiones de las cuales 2 fueron diagnosticadas como lesiones potencialmente malignas: Liquen plano y Leucoplasia, con una prevalencia de 1,7 %. El 50,3 % de los pacientes sabía de la existencia de cáncer oral. El Screening es una medida que permite dar a conocer a la población la existencia de cáncer oral y alertarlos sobre la importancia de su examen para su identificación de manera temprana.

The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of malignant and potentially malignant oral lesions (PML) in University of Valparaíso and Viña del Mar employees, during the years 2016 - 2017. We cited 161 employees, who accessed a survey evaluating risk factors for oral cancer (tobacco and alcohol) and if they had heard of the disease. In addition, a clinical examination was carried out. Of the patients examined, 121 lesions were diagnosed, of which 2 were diagnosed as potentially malignant lesions: Lichen planus and Leukoplakia, with a prevalence of 1.6 %. 50.3 % of patients knew of the existence of oral cancer. Epidemiological designs are needed to better establish causality between risk factors and malignant or, potentially malignant lesions.

Análisis de los Resultados nacionales obtenidos por grupos estatales de investigación del el cáncer ruso. Programa de Cribado de Enfermedades de la Mucosa Oral y Borde Bermellón / Analysis of The Results Obtained by National Research Groups with The Russian State Cancer Program for The Screening of Diseases of The Oral Mucosa and The Vermillion Border

This article analyzes the results obtained by national research groups in the implementation of the Russian State Cancer Program. From 2015 to the first half of 2019, specialists studied the epidemiology and structure of oncological and precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa and the vermillion border in 486,059 persons aged 18-92 years living in Tula, the Tula region, Moscow and Noyabrsk as a result of screening and medical aid appealability. In this period, the productivity of the research group from Tula grew by the factor of 18.92. The results of the research confirm low cancer alertness of practicing dentists. An individual patient registration card has been developed to systematize data and create a diagnostic register for the screening of cancer and precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa and the vermillion border.

Infecção por Helicobacter pylori e lesões precursoras de câncer gástrico: prevalência e fatores associados em um laboratório de referência no Sudeste do Brasil / Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer precursor lesions: prevalence and associated factors in a reference laboratory in southeastern brazil

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important risk factor for gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia, both considered gastric cancer precursor lesions. Therefore, the investigation of the occurrence of H. pylori infection, precursor lesions and associated factors guides the adoption of specific strategies for the control this type of cancer. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients undergoing upper digestive endoscopy, as well as the prevalence of intestinal metaplasia, atrophy and chronic inflammation and their association with H. pylori infection. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed based on reports of gastric endoscopic biopsies performed in a private laboratory affiliated to the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS). Patients were evaluated for age, gender and type of health service. The samples were evaluated for the presence of H. pylori, and also of chronic inflammation, intestinal metaplasia and glandular atrophy. RESULTS: Of a total of 4,604 patients (mean age 51±16.6), 63.9% were female and 63.1% coming from private health care service. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 31.7% (n=1,459), and the percentage of infection was significantly higher in patients from public health service (42.0%) in relation to patients from private health service (25.6%). Among H. pylori (+) patients, a higher percentage of intestinal metaplasia (17.7% vs 13.3%) and glandular atrophy (17.6% vs 6.9%) were observed when compared to those H. pylori (-) (P<0.01). From the patients H. pylori (+) with at least one type of precursor lesion (n=418), 161 (38.5%) had metaplasia and chronic inflammation, 160 (38.3%) had atrophy and chronic inflammation and finally 97 (23.2%) presented metaplasia, atrophy and chronic inflammation simultaneously. CONCLUSION: The present study reinforces the association of H. pylori infection with gastric cancer precursor lesions in a Brazilian population, emphasizing the importance of infection prevention measures, as well as the treatment of infected patients, especially in regions with lower socioeconomic levels that show a higher prevalence of infection by H. pylori.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: A infecção por Helicobacter pylori é o fator de risco mais importante para atrofia gástrica e metaplasia intestinal, ambas consideradas lesões precursoras do câncer gástrico. Portanto, a investigação da ocorrência de infecção por H. pylori, das lesões precursoras e dos fatores associados orienta a adoção de estratégias específicas para o controle deste tipo de câncer. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de infecção por H. pylori em pacientes submetidos à endoscopia digestiva alta, bem como a prevalência de metaplasia intestinal, atrofia e inflamação crônica e a associação destas com a infecção por H. pylori. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo com base em laudos de biópsias endoscópicas gástricas realizadas em laboratório privado afiliado ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto à idade, sexo e tipo de serviço de saúde. As amostras foram avaliadas quanto à presença de H. pylori e também de inflamação crônica, metaplasia intestinal e atrofia glandular. RESULTADOS: Do total de 4.604 pacientes (idade média de 51±16,6), 63,9% eram do sexo feminino e 63,1% provenientes de serviços de saúde privado. A prevalência de infecção por H. pylori foi de 31,7% (n=1.459) e o percentual de infecção foi significativamente maior nos pacientes do serviço público de saúde (42,0%) em relação aos pacientes do serviço privado de saúde (25,6%). Entre os pacientes com H. pylori (+), foi observado maior percentual de metaplasia intestinal (17,7% vs 13,3%) e atrofia glandular (17,6% vs 6,9%) quando comparados aos H. pylori (-) (P<0,01). Dos pacientes H. pylori (+) com pelo menos um tipo de lesão precursora (n=418), 161 (38,5%) apresentaram metaplasia e inflamação crônica, 160 (38,3%) apresentaram atrofia e inflamação crônica e, finalmente, 97 (23,2%) apresentaram metaplasia, atrofia e inflamação crônica simultaneamente. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo reforça a associação da infecção por H. pylori com lesões precursoras de câncer gástrico em uma população brasileira, enfatizando a importância de medidas de prevenção de infecção, bem como o tratamento de pacientes infectados, principalmente em regiões com níveis socioeconômicos mais baixos que apresentam maior prevalência de infecção por H. pylori.

Clinical features and management of women with borderline ovarian tumors in a single center in Brazil / Características clínicas e manejo de mulheres com tumores borderline de ovário em um hospital no Brasil

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to describe and analyze data of 57 women with borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) regarding histological characteristics, clinical features and treatment management at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp, in the Portuguese acronym). Methods The present retrospective study analyzed data obtained from clinical and histopathological reports of women with BOTs treated in a single cancer center between 2010 and 2018. Results A total of 57 women were included, with a mean age of 48.42 years old (15.43- 80.77), of which 30 (52.63%) were postmenopausal, and 18 (31.58%) were < 40 years old. All of the women underwent surgery. A total of 37 women (64.91%) were submitted to complete surgical staging for BOT, and none (0/57) were submitted to pelvic or paraortic lymphadenectomy. Chemotherapy was administered for two patients who recurred. The final histological diagnoses were: serous in 20 (35.09%) cases, mucinous in 26 (45.61%), seromucinous in 10 (17.54%), and endometrioid in 1 (1.75%) case. Intraoperative analyses of frozen sections were obtained in 42 (73.68%) women, of which 28 (66.67%) matched with the final diagnosis. The mean follow-up was of 42.79 months (range: 2.03-104.87 months). Regard ingthe current status of the women, 45(78.95%) are alive without disease, 2(3.51%) arealive with disease, 9 (15.79%) had their last follow-up visit > 1 year beforethe performanceof the present study but arealive, and 1 patient(1.75%) died of another cause. Conclusion Women in the present study were treated according to the current guidelines and only two patients recurred.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever uma série de 57 mulheres com tumores borderline de ovário (TBO) em relação às características histológicas, clínicas, e ao manejo do tratamento realizado no Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). Métodos O presente estudo retrospectivo analisou dados obtidos dos registros clínicos e histopatológicos de mulheres com TBO tratadas em um único centro oncológico de 2010 a 2018. Resultados Um total de 57 mulheres foram incluídas, com uma média de idade de 48,42 anos (15,43-80,77), das quais 30 (52,63%) eram menopausadas, e 18 (31,58%) tinham < 40 anos. Todas as mulheres foram operadas. Um total de 37 mulheres (64,91%) foram submetidas a cirurgia de estadiamento completo para TBO, e nenhuma foi submetida a linfadenectomia pélvica ou paraórtica. O tratamento com quimioterapia foi administrado em duas pacientes que recidivaram. Os diagnósticos histológicos finais foram: seroso em 20 mulheres (35,09%), mucinoso em 26 (45,61%), seromucinoso em 10 (17,54%) e endometrióide em 1 (1,75%). A avaliação histológica intraoperatória foi realizada em 42 (73,68%) das mulheres, das quais 28 (66,67%) foram compatíveis com os diagnósticos finais. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 42,79 meses (variando de 2,03 a 104,87 meses). Em relação ao status atual das mulheres, 45 (78.95%) estão vivas sem doença, 2 (3,51%) estão vivas com doença, 9 (15.79%) tiveram a última consulta de seguimento há > 1 ano antes da realização do presente estudo, mas estão vivas, e 1 paciente faleceu por outra causa. Conclusão As mulheres do presente estudo foram tratadas de acordo com as recomendações atuais e apenas duas mulheres apresentaram recorrência.

Chronic prostatitis alters the prostatic microenvironment and accelerates preneoplastic lesions in C57BL/6 mice

BACKGROUND: Chronic prostatitis has been supposed to be associated with preneoplastic lesions and cancer development. The objective of this study was to examine how chronic inflammation results in a prostatic microenvironment and gene mutation in C57BL/6 mice. METHODS: Immune and bacterial prostatitis mouse models were created through abdominal subcutaneous injection of rat prostate extract protein immunization (EAP group) or transurethral instillation of uropathogenic E. coli 1677 (E. coli group). Prostate histology, serum cytokine level, and genome-wide exome (GWE) sequences were examined 1, 3, and 6 months after immunization or injection. RESULT: In the EAP and E. coli groups, immune cell infiltrations were observed in the first and last months of the entire experiment. After 3 months, obvious proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA) and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) were observed accompanied with fibrosis hyperplasia in stroma. The decrease in basal cells (Cytokeratin (CK) 5+/p63+) and the accumulation of luminal epithelial cells (CK8+) in the PIA or PIN area indicated that the basal cells were damaged or transformed into different luminal cells. Hic1, Zfp148, and Mfge8 gene mutations were detected in chronic prostatitis somatic cells. CONCLUSION: Chronic prostatitis induced by prostate extract protein immunization or E. coli infection caused a reactive prostatic inflammation microenvironment and resulted in tissue damage, aberrant atrophy, hyperplasia, and somatic genome mutation.

Comportamiento de las afecciones cutáneas en el adulto mayor. Policlínico Docente Héroes del Moncada. Municipio Cárdenas. Matanzas / Behaviour of skin affections in elder people. Teaching Policlinic Heroes del Moncada. Municipality of Cardenas. Matanzas

RESUMEN Introducción: el incremento de la calidad de vida de la población y del adulto mayor, la integración de todas las disciplinas médicas, las acciones de prevención y ambientales conllevarán a lograr una longevidad satisfactoria. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento de las afecciones cutáneas en el adulto mayor. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, acerca del comportamiento de afecciones cutáneas en pacientes adultos mayores, vistos en la consulta de Dermatología en el policlínico docente Héroes del Moncada en el municipio de Cárdenas en el período correspondiente a los años 2015 y 2016. La muestra estuvo constituida por 707 pacientes atendidos en consulta por afecciones cutáneas, en el período estudiado. Para la obtención de los datos se revisaron las hojas de cargo del departamento de estadística. Resultados: en los pacientes atendidos prevaleció el sexo masculino en los adultos mayores, las afecciones más frecuentes diagnosticadas fueron las micosis superficiales, los tumores malignos y las lesiones precancerosas y se detectaron más de una afección en un mismo paciente. Conclusiones: las dermatosis en el adulto resultó de frecuente incidencia en consulta, predominando el sexo masculino (AU).

ABSTRACT Introduction: The population's and elder peoples´ increment of the quality of life, the integration of all the medical disciplines, health and environmental prevention will lead to achieve a satisfactory longevity. Objective: Describing the behavior of cutaneous affections in the adult principal. Material and methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was conducted on the behavior of cutaneous disorders in elderly patients, seen in the Dermatology clinic in the Héroes del Moncada teaching polyclinic in the municipality of Cárdenas in the period corresponding to the years 2015 and 2016. The sample It was constituted by 707 patients attended in consultation for cutaneous affections, in the period studied. To obtain the data, the charge sheets of the statistics department were reviewed. Results: In the patients attended the male sex prevailed in the elderly, the most frequent conditions diagnosed were superficial mycoses, malignant tumors and precancerous lesions and more than one condition was detected in the same patient. Conclusions: Them dermatosis in adult frequent music demands counselling, fundamentally in the masculine sex (AU).

Características Sociodemográficas y Clínicas de los Pacientes Tratados por Primera Vez por Cáncer Escamocelular Oral. Medellín, Colombia / Sociodemographic and Clinic Characteristics of the Patients Threatened at First Time for Squamous Cell Oral Cancer. Medellín, Colombia

RESUMEN: Este estudio pretendió describir las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de los pacientes tratados por primera vez por cáncer escamocelular oral (CEB) en Medellín (Colombia). Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo anidado en una cohorte dinámica retrospectiva de casos de CEB, procedente de 9 centros oncológicos especializados de la ciudad entre 2000 y 2011, según la información de las historias clínicas y clasificadas según la CIE-10. Se recolectaron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas como: tratamiento recibido, localización del tumor, estadio del tumor, atención recibida (profesional), reporte de consumo de alcohol o cigarrillo, complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento de CEB. Se describieron las variables del estudio y pruebas Chi cuadrado para observar diferencias entre algunas características clínicas y el sexo. Se encontraron 778 casos de CEB en el periodo estudiado, con una edad promedio de diagnóstico de 63,5 (±13,6) años. Más de la mitad tenían estratos socioeconómicos y niveles educativos bajos. Un 56 % de las mujeres y un 63 % de los hombres fueron diagnosticados en un estadio IV del tumor. Los tratamientos más realizados fueron de tipo combinado o cirugía. Un 35% presentaron problemas cardiovasculares, aunque no se reportaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la presencia de determinadas comorbilidades y el sexo. Se reportó el consumo de alcohol en un 19 % y de cigarrillo en un 51 % con mayor consumo en hombres en ambos casos y diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0,0001) con respecto a las mujeres. En cuanto a complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento para CEB, se reportaron con mayor frecuencia disfagia (47 %) y mucositis (24 %). Más de la mitad de los tumores de presentaron en la lengua. Se requieren estrategias que permitan sistemas de vigilancia epidemiológica para el CEB, así como mejorar los programas de prevención y tratamiento precoz para esta enfermedad en consonancia con las políticas y los planes nacionales y globales.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients treated for first-time oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), in Medellín (Colombia). For this purpose, a descriptive study was carried out within a retrospective dynamic cohort of OSCC cases from 9 specialized oncology centers in the city between 2000 and 2011, according to the information of the clinical records and classified according to the ICD-10. Sociodemographic characteristics were recorded and clinical variables were collected such as: Treatment received, tumor location, tumor stage, care received (professional), report of alcohol or cigarette consumption, complications associated with OSCC treatment. The study variables were described, and Chi square test was calculated in order to observe differences between some clinical characteristics and sex. In the study period 778 cases of OSCC were found, with an average age of diagnosis of 63.5 (± 13.6) years. More than half had low socioeconomic and educational levels. Fifty six percent of women and 63 % of men were diagnosed in stage IV of the tumor. Treatments performed most, were either combined or for surgery. Thirty five percent of the cases had cardiovascular problems, although no statistically significant differences were reported between the presence of certain comorbidities and sex. Alcohol consumption was reported in 19 % and smoking in 51 %, with higher consumption in men in both cases and statistically significant differences (p <0.0001) with respect to women. Regarding complications associated with treatment for OSCC, dysphagia (47 %) and mucositis (24 %) were reported more frequently. More than half of the tumors were presented in the tongue. Strategies are required that allow epidemiological surveillance systems for the OSCC, as well as to improve prevention and early treatment programs for this disease in line with national and global policies and plans.

Líquen plano oral: um relato de caso / Oral lichen planus: a case report

O líquen plano oral é uma doença crônica sistêmica comum, que se caracteriza por ser mucocutânea, autoimune, porém de etiologia incerta. O objetivo do presente trabalho é o de relatar um caso clínico com diagnóstico precoce e tratamento imediato, bem como acompanhamento de sua evolução. Foi descrito o caso de uma paciente do serviço de Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial do Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz ­ HUOC. O teste para hepatite C se mostrou negativo para a paciente-alvo de nosso estudo e não há traços de transformação maligna nas lesões, considerando o acompanhamento clínico de 6 meses. O líquen plano oral necessita de diagnóstico preciso, para que a implementação de uma correta conduta terapêutica possa ser realizada... (AU)

Oral lichen planus is a common chronic systemic disease characterized as a mucocutaneous, autoimmune but of uncertain etiology. The aim of this study was to report a case with early diagnosis, prompt treatment and a six-month follow-up. It described the case of a patient of Buco-Maxillofacial Service of the University Hospital Oswaldo Cruz - HUOC. The test for hepatitis C was negative for the patient and no traces of malignant transformation lesions was found, taking into account the clinical six-month follow-up. Oral lichen planus requires an accurate diagnosis for the implementation of a correct approach therapy... (AU)

Riesgo aumentado de lesiones colónicas preneoplásicas en acromegalia: estudio multicéntrico caso control. Resultados preliminares / Increased risk of pre-cancerous bowel lesions in acromegaly: Multicentre case-control study. Preliminary results

Introducción: El riesgo de desarrollar neoplasias colónicas en pacientes acromegálicos y su relación directa con los niveles elevados de GH/IGF-1 no están bien establecidos y continúan siendo motivo de controversia en la literatura mundial. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el riesgo de desarrollar lesiones neoplásicas avanzadas (LNA) (adenomas mayores a 1 cm, componente velloso mayor del 75% y/o displasia de alto grado), en pacientes con acromegalia, comparado con un grupo control. Materiales y métodos: Estudio multicéntrico caso-control retrospectivo. Ciento treinta y siete pacientes con acromegalia que realizaron videocolonoscopia (VCC) fueron incluidos inicialmente, aunque solo 69 cumplieron criterios de inclusión. Sesenta y dos controles fueron obtenidos: por cada caso (paciente con acromegalia) 2 «controles¼ fueron seleccionados aleatorizadamente e igualados por edad y sexo. El riesgo se expresó en odds ratio (OR) y su correspondiente intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%. La significación estadística fue considerada una p < 0,05. Resultados: De los 69 pacientes con VCC completa y datos adecuados para su análisis, 28 presentaron VCC positiva con hallazgos de pólipos (40%) y 41 VCC negativa o normal (60%). Dentro del grupo con VCC positiva, 14 presentaron LNA (20%) y solo un paciente presentó diagnóstico de cáncer colorrectal. Para el análisis caso-control se incluyó a 31 pacientes frente al grupo control (n = 62) que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La presencia de pólipos colónicos, adenomas y LNA en los pacientes con acromegalia fue de 19/31 (61,9%), 14/31 (45,16%) y 10/31 (32,25%), y en el grupo control de 18/62 (29,03%), 11/62 (17,74%) y 4/62 (6,45%), respectivamente. El riesgo de adenomas y LNA fue mayor en el grupo de acromegalia en comparación con el grupo control, siendo ambos resultados estadísticamente significativos: adenomas OR 2,54 (IC 1,22-5,25) p = 0,005, LNA OR: 7,3 (2,4-25), p = 0,00. Conclusión: La acromegalia se asocia a un mayor riesgo de lesiones colónicas preneoplásicas. Este hallazgo justifica el cribado con VCC al diagnóstico en pacientes con acromegalia.

Background: The risk of developing cancerous lesions in the colon of acromegaly patients and their direct relationship with elevated growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels is not well established, and is still controversial in the international literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of developing advanced neoplastic lesions (ALN: greater than 1 cm adenomas, villous component greater than 75% and/or high grade dysplasia) in patients with acromegaly compared to a control group. Materials and methods: A multicentre, retrospective case-control study was conducted initially on 137 patients with acromegaly (cases) who underwent videocolonoscopy (VCC), although only 69 met inclusion criteria. Sixty-two controls were obtained, and for each case two "controls" were randomly selected and matched by age and gender. Risk was expressed as odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% con"dence interval (CI). P values < .05 were considered statistical significantly. Results: Of the 69 acromegaly patients with a completed VCC and adequate data for their analysis, 28 had a positive VCC with findings of polyps (40%), and 41 VCC negative with no lesions (60%). Within the group with positive VCC, 14 were ALN (20%) and one a colorectal cancer. In the case-control analysis, 31 cases were to be analysed against the control group (n = 62). The presence of colonic polyps, adenomas, and ALN in patients with acromegaly was 19/31 (61.9%), 14/31 (45.16%), and 10/31 (32.25%), respectively, and in the control group, it was 18/62 (29.03%), 11/62 (17.74%), and 4/62 (6.45%), respectively. The risk of adenomas and ALN was higher in the acromegaly group compared to the control group: adenomas OR: 2.54 (95% CI 1.22-5.25) P=.005, ALN OR: 7.3 (2.4-25) P=.00. Conclusion: This preliminary case control study showed an increased risk of pre-cancerous colprectal lesions in patients with acromegaly, supporting the VCC screening at diagnosis.

Prevalencia de queilitis actínica en pescadores artesanales,Valdivia, Chile / Prevalence of actinic cheilitis in artisanal fishermen, Valdivia, Chile

El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en determinar la prevalencia de Queilitis Actínica en pescadores artesanales de la ciudad de Valdivia, Chile. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal durante los meses de noviembre 2014 a abril 2015. La muestra fueron 180 pescadores previamente seleccionados a través de una muestra aleatoria simple, quienes fueron evaluados mediante un examen clínico y además completaron un cuestionario referente a datos personales y hábitos de salud. El 38,8 % de los pescadores artesanales presentó Queilitis Actínica. El 64,4 % de los pescadores revisados no utiliza protección solar mientras trabaja y todos los casos se ubicaron en el labio inferior. Los pescadores artesanales de la ciudad de Valdivia presentaron una prevalencia de Queilitis Actínica superior a las reportadas a nivel nacional. Nuestros resultados sugieren la implementación de políticas de salud pública centrados en la prevención de Queilitis Actínica en pescadores artesanales de la ciudad de Valdivia.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of actinic cheilitis in fishermen in the city of Valdivia, Chile 2015. A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was realized from November 2014 to April 2015. The sample included 180 fishermen, previously selected through a simple random sample. The subjects were evaluated by clinical examination and also completed a questionnaire on personal data and health habits. Of the total fishermen surveyed 38.8 % presented Actinic cheilitis. Furthermore, 64.4 % of the fishermen interviewed reported they do not use sun protection while working and all cases were located in the lower lip. The fishermen in Valdivia showed a higher prevalence of Actinic cheilitis than that found nationally. Our results suggest the implementation of public health policies focusing on the prevention of actinic cheilitis in artisanal fishermen in the city of Valdivia.

Link between immunoexpression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins and clinical-epidemiological aspects of actinic cheilitis

Abstract: Background: The studies found in the literature associate the immunoexpression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 proteins with histologic aspects, but do not correlate it with clinical and epidemiological data. Objective: To evaluate the immunoexpression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 in actinic cheilitis, correlating it with clinical characteristics. Methods: We analyzed 40 cases. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. The following clinical variables were evaluated: gender, age range, ethnicity, clinical aspect and occupational sunlight exposure. Statistical evaluation included the Student t-test, while the significance level was set at 5%. Results: Greater immunoexpression of hMLH1 and hMSH2 was observed in females, individuals aged over 40, and mixed-race/black patients. Furthermore, the immunoexpression of these proteins was greater in actinic cheilitis with a white-colored appearance and in patients without occupational sunlight exposure. No statistical differences were observed for the variables studied. Conclusion: This study uncovered variations of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein expression upon evaluation of clinical aspects in actinic cheilitis.

Potentially malignant oral lesions: clinicopathological correlations / Lesões orais potencialmente malignas: correlações clínico-patológicas

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the incidence of potentially malignant oral lesions, and evaluate and correlate their clinical and pathological aspects. Methods The sample consisted of cases clinically diagnosed as oral leukoplakia, oral erythroplakia, erythroleukoplakia, actinic cheilitis, and oral lichen planus treated at a diagnostic center, between May 2012 and July 2013. Statistical tests were conducted adopting a significance level of 5% (p≤0.05). Results Out of 340 patients, 106 (31.2%) had potentially malignant oral lesions; and 61 of these (17.9%) were submitted to biopsy. Actinic cheilitis was the most frequent lesion (37.5%) and the lower lip was the most affected site (49.6%). Among 106 patients in the sample, 48 (45.3%) reported nicotine consumption, 35 (33%) reported alcohol intake and 34 (32.1%) sun exposure while working. When clinical and histopathological diagnoses were compared, oral erythroplakia and atypical ulcer were the lesions that exhibited greater compatibility (100% each). Conclusion In most cases, clinical and histopathological diagnoses were compatible. An association between the occurrence of erythroplakia, leukoplakia and erythroleukoplakia with smoking was observed. Similarly, an association between actinic cheilitis and sun exposure was noted. Erythroleukoplakia presented the highest malignancy grade in this study. Finally, dental surgeons should draw special attention to diagnosis of potentially malignant oral lesions, choose the best management, and control the lesions to avoid their malignant transformation.

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a incidência das lesões orais potencialmente malignas, e avaliar e correlacionar seus aspectos clínico-patológicos. Métodos A amostra foi composta pelos casos diagnosticados clinicamente como leucoplasia oral, eritroplasia oral, eritroleucoplasia, queilite actínica e líquen plano oral em um serviço de diagnóstico no período entre maio de 2012 e julho de 2013. Foram realizados testes estatísticos adotando-se nível de significância de 5% (p≤0,05). Resultados Dos 340 pacientes examinados, 106 (31,2%) se apresentaram com lesões orais potencialmente malignas; destes, 61 (17,9%) biópsias foram realizadas. A lesão mais frequente foi a queilite actínica (37,5%), e o sítio anatômico mais acometido foi o lábio inferior (49,6%). Entre os 106 pacientes da amostra, 48 (45,3%) relataram consumo de nicotina, 35 (33%) ingeriam bebidas alcoólicas e 34 (32,1%) trabalhavam expostos ao sol. Comparando o diagnóstico clínico com o histopatológico, as lesões que apresentaram maior compatibilidade foram a eritroplasia oral e a lesão ulcerada atípica (100% ambas). Conclusão Na maioria dos casos, houve compatibilidade do diagnóstico clínico com o histopatológico. Notou-se correlação entre a ocorrência de eritroplasia, leucoplasia e eritroleucoplasia com o hábito de fumar, e entre a queilite actínica com a exposição solar. A eritroleucoplasia foi a lesão que demonstrou maior grau de malignização neste estudo. Diante do exposto, recomenda-se maior atenção por parte dos cirurgiões-dentistas ao diagnóstico das lesões orais potencialmente malignas, para aplicação da melhor conduta e controle da lesão, impedindo sua transformação maligna.

Frecuencia de displasia epitelial y carcinoma escamoso en mucosa oral y orofaríngea en Chile, entre los años 1990 y 2009 / Frequency of oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral epithelial dysplasia in oral and oropharyngeal mucosa in Chile

Background: Oral cancer in Chile corresponds approximately to 1.6% of all cancer cases. There are few studies about oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma in the Chilean population. Aim: To determine the frequency of hyperkeratosis, mild, moderate and severe oral epithelial dysplasia, in situ carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral and oropharyngeal mucosa in a registry of the Oral Pathology Reference Institute of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, in a ten years period. Material and Methods: Review of clinical records and pathological plates of 389 patients, obtained between 1990 and 2009. Cases were selected according to their pathological diagnosis, including hyperkeratosis, oral epithelial dysplasia, in situ carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma. Results: Forty four percent of cases were squamous cell carcinoma, followed by hyperkeratosis in 37% and mild epithelial dysplasia in 11%. Squamous cell carcinoma was more common in men aged over 50 years. Most of the potentially malignant disorders presented clinically as leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma were clinically recognized as cancer. Conclusions: In this study, men aged over 50 years are the highest risk group for oral cancer. Early diagnosis is deficient since most of these lesions were diagnosed when squamous cell carcinoma became invasive. Leukoplakia diagnosis is mostly associated with hyperkeratosis and epithelial dysplasia, therefore biopsy of these lesions is mandatory to improve early diagnosis.

Assessment of serum copper, iron and immune complexes in potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer

Abstract Potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) of oral cavity and oral cancer remain a cause of serious concern despite intensive research and development. Diet and immunity have been identified to play a crucial role as modifying factors in these diseases. Our study intended to explore this relationship by estimating and comparing the serum levels of copper, iron and circulating immune complexes (CICs) in patients diagnosed with PMDs and oral cancer and normal healthy individuals. In this study, 40 histopathologically diagnosed cases of PMDs and oral cancer were included along with 30 healthy controls and 5 ml of venous blood was drawn using venipuncture. Serum estimation of copper, iron and CIC then followed using the colorimetric and spectrophotometric methods. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using one way ANOVA and Pearson's Product-Moment Correlation Test. The mean serum copper level was measured as 138.98 ± 10.13µg/100ml in the PMD group and 141.99 ± 21.44 µg/100ml in the oral cancer as compared to 105.5 + 18.81µ/100ml in the controls. The mean serum CIC levels was highest in the oral cancer (9.65 ± 0.16OD470) followed by the PMD group (0.18 + 0.21 OD470) and least in the control group (0.048 ± 0.02OD470). Whereas, the serum levels of iron showed a significant decrease in the PMD group (110.9 ± 10.54 µg/100ml) and the oral cancer group (114.29 ± 25.83 µg/100ml) as compared with the control group (136.85 ± 14.48 µg/100ml). There was no positive correlation obtained between the three groups with respect to the chosen parameters indicating that the variables were independent of each other. It can be thus be ascertained that trace elements like copper and iron as well as humoral responses (CICs) have a close relationship with PMDs and oral cancers.

High-risk human papillomavirus and cervical lesions among women living with HIV/AIDS in Brazilian Amazon, Brazil

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection infection and cervical lesions and its associated factors among HIV infected women attending an AIDS clinic in Amazonas state, Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Women attending an AIDS clinic in the city of Manaus between March and December 2011 for gynecological examination were invited to participate. Enrolled patients answered a standardized interview including demographical, behavioral, and clinical data. Additionally, patients underwent a gynecological evaluation with collection of cervical samples for cytological analysis and high-risk human papillomavirus infection hybrid capture. A blood sample was also obtained to determine CD4 and viral load levels. RESULTS: A total of 310 (82.9%) women participated in the study. High-risk human papillomavirus infection was detected in 191 (61.6%) cases; 24 (13.5%) had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and 4 (2.2%) high-grade SIL. No invasive cervical cancer was diagnosed. Median age was 32 (interquartile range (IQR): 27-38) years and median of education was 8.5 (IQR 4-11) years of schooling and 56.1% had a monthly income up to US$180. In multivariate analysis, being less than 30 years old [OR = 1.7 (95% CI: 1.2-2.4,p = 0.005)], high-grade SIL [OR = 6.5 (95% CI: 1.6-23.0, p = 0.009)], and CD4 counts <200 cells/mm3 [OR = 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2-2.0, p < 0.001)] were associated with high risk human papillomavirus infection infection. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study high-risk human papillomavirus infection was frequent and it was associated to high-SIL. These results show the importance of gynecologic examinations in routine care and follow-up required by those who present with cervical lesions.

Tratamento da queilite actínica através da técnica cirúrgica da vermelhectomia / Treatment of actinic cheilitis by surgical vermilionectomy

A queilite actínica é uma lesão cancerizável que acomete principalmente o lábio inferior, cujo fator etiológico está relacionado à exposição crônica aos raios ultravioletas. Possui uma predileção aumentada por indivíduos que apresentam atividade laboral com intensa exposição ao sol. Clinicamente, observam-se áreas maculares brancas ou avermelhadas ou lesões em forma de placas esbranquiçadas resultantes da hiperceratinização do epitélio do lábio, a qual pode progredir para a perda do limite entre a pele, vermelhão do lábio e a mucosa. Essas lesões são geralmente assintomáticas e podem progredir para áreas erosivas e/ou ulceradas. Dentre as diversas formas de tratamento, há a vermelhectomia, que consiste num procedimento cirúrgico para a remoção parcial ou total do vermelhão do lábio, apresentando baixo custo e permitindo a disponibilidade de material para exame anatomopatológico. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar a técnica de vermelhectomia no tratamento de um paciente com diagnóstico de queilite actínica...

Actinic cheilitis is a potentially premalignant condition that is primarily found on the lower lip. Etiology is related to chronic exposure to ultraviolet light and the condition exhibits a strong predilection for people whose work involves intense exposure to the sun. Clinically observable signs include white or reddened areas of maculation or whitish plaques caused by hyperkeratinization of the lip epithelium, which can progress to a point at which the demarcation between the skin, vermillion border of the lip and the mucosa is lost. These lesions are generally asymptomatic but may progress to form areas of erosion and/or ulceration. There are a number of treatments available, one of which, vermilionectomy, is a surgical procedure in which the vermillion border of the lip is partially or totally removed and which, in addition to being inexpensive, offers the advantage of providing material for pathological analysis. The objective of this study is to describe the vermilionectomy technique as used to treat a patient diagnosed with actinic cheilitis...

Clinical and evolving features of women diagnosed with precancerous cervical lesions, screened and treated in the Amazon region of Brazil / Características clínicas e evolutivas de mulheres com diagnóstico de lesões precursoras de câncer cervical, rastreadas e tratadas na região amazônica brasileira / Las características clínicas y los resultados de mujeres con un diagnóstico de lesiones precursoras de lesión cervical, seguimiento y tratamiento en la Amazonia brasileña

The objective of the study was to determine the dynamics of precancerous lesions in women of a cohort treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and followed up over the next two years. The conditional probability of failure was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the raw and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) were determined using Cox regression with a p-value entry of < 0.05. Of the 237 women who were treated, 51.5% were accompanied over 24 months, and treatment failed for 21.9% of those accompanied. Women who had five or more pregnancies (adjusted HR = 3.10, 95%CI: 1.28-7.51) or an initial histological diagnosis of CIN II/III demonstrated an independent risk of treatment failure (adjusted HR = 3.14, 95%CI: 1.20-8.19). Being in a stable relationship was a protective factor against treatment failure (adjusted HR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.24-0.89). A history of more frequent pregnancies and a histological diagnosis of CIN II/III are directly correlated with risk of CIN treatment failure, whereas being in a stable relationship is inversely correlated with this risk.

O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a dinâmica da lesão intraepitelial cervical (NIC) em mulheres tratadas que foram acompanhadas em uma coorte durante dois anos. Foi calculada a probabilidade condicional de falha usando o método de Kaplan-Meier e foram calculadas as hazard ratios (HR) bruta e ajustada para o risco de falha usando a regressão de Cox com valor de p de entrada < 0,05. Das 237 mulheres que foram tratadas, 51,5% foram acompanhadas por 24 meses e 21,9% delas tiveram falha no tratamento, apresentando recidiva da lesão cervical. Mulheres que tinham mais que cinco gestações (HR = 3,10; IC95%: 1,28-7,51) ou histológico de NIC II/III demonstraram risco independente para falha no tratamento (HR = 3,14; IC95%: 1,20-8,19) e estar em um relacionamento estável mostrou ser um fator de proteção para falha de tratamento (HR = 0,47; IC95%: 0,24-0,89). A história de maior número de gestações e histológico de NIC II/III estão diretamente correlacionados com o risco de falha no tratamento, enquanto que estar em um relacionamento estável é inversamente correlacionado ao risco.

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la dinámica de las lesiones intraepiteliales de cuello uterino (NIC) en mujeres que fueron tratadas dentro de una cohorte, cuyo seguimiento se realizó durante dos años. Se calculó la probabilidad condicional de error, utilizando el método de Kaplan-Meier y se calcularon los cocientes de riesgo (HR) crudos y ajustados por el riesgo de fracaso mediante la regresión de Cox con el aporte valor p < 0,05. De 237 mujeres que recibieron tratamiento, el 51,5% fueron seguidas durante 24 meses y en el 21,9% fracasó el tratamiento, mostrando la repetición del daño cervical. Las mujeres que tenían más de cinco embarazos (HR = 3,10; IC95%: 1,28-7,51) o NIC histológico II/III mostraron un factor de riesgo independiente para el fracaso del tratamiento (HR = 3,14; IC95%: 1,20-8,19) y estar en una relación estable resultó ser un factor protector para el fracaso del tratamiento (HR: 0,47; IC95%: 0,24-0,89). La historia de embarazos múltiples y con diagnóstico histológico NIC II/III se correlaciona directamente con el riesgo de fracaso del tratamiento, mientras que si está en una relación estable se correlaciona inversamente con la relación riesgo.