RESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction. HCV has been suspected to potentially cause degenerations in the central nervous system. Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerativo disorder. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of Parkinson's disease among patients with HCV infection. Material and methods. For this study, we used Medicare database from 2005-2010. Medicare database contains information on enrollment, coverage, diagnosis recorded with International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision (ICD- 9). From combined inpatient and outpatient files, Parkinson's disease was identified as the first diagnosis by ICD-9 code 332.0. Other study variables were; age, gender, race (White and No White), and Medicare eligibility status. Simple distribution comparison by HCV status examined with t-test for numerical variables and χ2 test for categorical variables in the main analytical cohort as well as in the propensity score matched cohort. Results. A total of 1,236,734 patients (median age 76 years, 41% male, and 85% White) was identified among over 47 million claims. Of these, 6040 patients (0.5%) were infected with HCV. Overall, 0.8% (N = 49) of the HCV group and 1.3% (N = 16,004) of the Non-HCV group had Parkinson's disease (P < 0.001). When the study groups matched for age, gender and race, the prevalence of Parkinson's disease was similar between HCV and Non-HCV groups (P > 0.05). Discussion. This study revealed that, among Medicare population, HCV was not associated with Parkinson disease.
Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doença de Parkinson/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Doença de Parkinson/diagnóstico , Fatores de Tempo , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Bases de Dados Factuais , Medicare , Hepatite C/diagnósticoRESUMO
Bacaba chicha is a beverage prepared by the indigenous Umutina people from the bacaba fruit (Oenocarpus bacaba), a purple berry that is rich in fat and carbohydrates, as well as a source of phenolic compounds. In this study, samples of bacaba chicha beverage were collected, and the microbial community was assessed using culture-dependent and -independent techniques. The nutritional composition and metabolite profiles were analyzed, and species belonging to lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts were detected. The LAB group detected by culture-dependent analysis included Enterococcus hormaechei and Leuconostoc lactis. Polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) detected additional Propionibacterium avidum, Acetobacter spp., and uncultured bacteria. Pichia caribbica and Pichia guilliermondii were detected in a culture-dependent method, and Pichia caribbica was confirmed by PCR-DGGE analysis. The pH value of the beverage was 6.2. The nutritional composition was as follows: 16.47 ± 0.73 g 100 mL-1 dry matter, 2.2 ± 0.0 g 100 mL-1 fat, 3.36 ± 0.44 g 100 mL-1 protein, and 10.87 ± 0.26 g 100 mL-1 carbohydrate. The metabolites detected were 2.69 g L-1 succinic acid, 0.9 g L-1 acetic acid, 0.49 g L-1 citric acid, 0.52 g L-1 ethanol, and 0.4 g L-1 glycerol. This is the first study to identify microbial diversity in bacaba chicha spontaneous fermentation. This study is also the starting step in the immaterial record of this Brazilian indigenous beverage prepared from bacaba fruit.
Assuntos
Humanos , Doença Crônica/economia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Gastos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Modelos Econométricos , Governo Estadual , Absenteísmo , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Classificação Internacional de Doenças , Medicaid/economia , Medicare/economia , Análise de Regressão , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Background: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Glittre ADL-test (GT) are used to assess functional capacity and exercise tolerance; however, the reproducibility of these tests needs further study in patients with acute lung diseases. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the reproducibility of the 6MWT and GT performed in patients hospitalized for acute and exacerbated chronic lung diseases. Method: 48 h after hospitalization, 81 patients (50 males, age: 52±18 years, FEV1: 58±20% of the predicted value) performed two 6MWTs and two GTs in random order on different days. Results: There was no difference between the first and second 6MWT (median 349 m [284-419] and 363 m [288-432], respectively) (ICC: 0.97; P<0.0001). A difference between the first and second tests was found in GT (median 286 s [220-378] and 244 s [197-323] respectively; P<0.001) (ICC: 0.91; P<0.0001). Conclusion: Although both the 6MWT and GT were reproducible, the best results occurred in the second test, demonstrating a learning effect. These results indicate that at least two tests are necessary to obtain reliable assessments. .
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Assistência ao Convalescente/estatística & dados numéricos , Planos de Pagamento por Serviço Prestado/estatística & dados numéricos , Medicare/economia , Readmissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Centros de Reabilitação/estatística & dados numéricos , Artroplastia de Substituição/reabilitação , Estudos de Coortes , Fraturas Ósseas/reabilitação , Pacientes Internados , Medicare/normas , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/reabilitação , Alta do Paciente , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Valores de Referência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/reabilitação , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: We describe hospitalization rates among Medicare beneficiaries resident in Puerto Rico compared to beneficiaries in the mainland U.S., in 1999. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis using Medicare Denominator and hospitalization files. RESULTS: The rate ratio (PR/U.S.) of age, gender-adjusted hospitalizations among elderly Medicare beneficiaries with Part A coverage was 0.78, compared with 0.92 among beneficiaries with both Part A and Part B coverage. Among the latter, the rate ratios were 0.78 for surgical admissions, 1.08 for low-variation medical conditions, and 0.97 for high variation medical conditions. They were higher for younger elderly beneficiaries. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of hospitalization in Puerto Rico may be lower, the same or exceed those of the mainland U.S. depending on the age of the beneficiary and the type of hospitalization.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Admissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Alta do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Medicare , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos , Estudos Transversais , Grupos Diagnósticos Relacionados , Porto Rico/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Idoso , Argentina , Atenção à Saúde , Indicadores Econômicos , Medicare , Política Pública , Condições Sociais , Previdência Social , EstatísticaRESUMO
This paper presents the results of the validation process to determine the concepts for knowledge and beliefs about breast cancer early detection practices among Puerto Rican elderly women. An initial questionnaire was designed based on the scientific literature review and focus group experiences. To determine its reliability and validity, 50 elderly women, stratified by type of profession and place of residence, were interviewed twice. Consistency of the questionnaire was analyzed using binomial test, matched t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's coefficient effect. Factor analysis (FA) was the statistical technique used to analyze the grouping of the knowledge and beliefs statements. FA indicated that three scales for knowledge and one for beliefs can be constructed. The purpose of the scales was to identify differences among groups, according to breast cancer early detection practices. Construct validity was performed to determine the number of statistical associations between the scales and these practices. The results showed that beliefs scales was associated with practice of mammogram (p < 0.05), and visit to the gynecologist (p < 0.05) while the knowledge scale for early-detection was associated with the clinical breast examination (p < 0.05). The beliefs scale had better consistency than the knowledge scale. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.75 for the beliefs' scale and 0.30, 0.41 and 0.43 for each defined knowledge scale, respectively.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/prevenção & controle , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Fatores Etários , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Educação , Análise Fatorial , Entrevistas como Assunto , Mamografia , Medicare , Modelos Teóricos , Porto Rico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Risco , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Data from a census in a Puerto Rican community were used to retrospectively compare patients admitted to government hospitals in terms of demographic variables, mental status and functional status in the community prior to admission. A total of 268 patients admitted to a hospital at least once during the study period were identified. Patients admitted to government hospitals were poorer, less educated, less functional and had a higher level of mental impairment. However, in comparison to private hospitals, stratified analysis showed consistently higher in-hospital mortality rates among patients admitted to government hospitals when other variables were taken into account