Reduction of venous pressure during the resection of liver metastases compromises enteric blood flow: IGFBP-1 as a novel biomarker of intestinal barrier injury

OBJECTIVES: Disruption of the intestinal barrier and bacterial translocation commonly occur when intestinal blood flow is compromised. The aim of this study was to determine whether liver resection induces intestinal damage. METHODS: We investigated intestinal fatty-acid binding protein and insulin-like growth factor binding protein levels in the plasma of patients who underwent liver resection. RESULTS: We show that liver resection is associated with significant intestinal barrier injury, even if the Pringle maneuver is not performed. CONCLUSION: We propose the use of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 as a novel biomarker of intestinal damage in such situations.

Feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric and colorectal lesions: Initial experience from the Gastrocentro - Unicamp

OBJECTIVE: Endoscopic submucosal dissection is a technique developed in Japan for en bloc resection with a lower rate of recurrence. It is considered technically difficult and performed only in specialized centers. This study sought to report the initial experience from the Gastrocentro - Campinas State University for the treatment of gastric and colorectal lesions by endoscopic submucosal dissection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The guidelines of the Japanese Association of Gastric Cancer were used as evaluative criteria. For colorectal lesions, the recommended standards proposed by Uraoka et al. and Saito et al. were employed. The practicability of the method, the development of complications and histological analysis of the specimens were evaluated. RESULTS: Sixteen patients underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection from June 2010 to April 2011; nine patients were treated for gastric lesions, and seven were treated for colorectal lesions. The average diameter of the gastric lesions was 28.6 mm, and the duration of resection was 103 min without complications. All lesions presented lesion-free margins. Of the seven colorectal tumors, four were located in the rectum and three were located in the colon. The average size was 26 mm, and the average procedure time was 163 min. Two complications occurred during the rectal resection procedures: perforation, which was treated with an endoscopic clip, and controlled bleeding. One of the lesions presented a compromised lateral margin without relapse after 90 days. Depth margins were all free of lesions. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic submucosal dissection at our institution achieved high success rates, with few complications in preliminary procedures. The procedure also made appropriate lesion staging possible.

Enterocolite necrosante em neonatos a termo, lactentes e pré-escolares / Necrotizing enterocolítis in term neonates, older children and preschools

Os autores analisam 300 autopsias em que foram identificados 71 casos de enterocolite necrosante em recém-nascidos a termo e pré-escolares. Diarréia e desnutriçäo foram fatores predisponentes comumente associados. Dois tipos histopatológicos distintos da doença foram demonstrados: enterocolite necrosante difusa, cujo padräo é semelhante ao descrito em recé-nascidos pré-termo, e enterocolite necrosante pápulo-necrótica, padräo menos freqüente que o difuso, e que se apresenta principalmente como lesöes crônicas isoladas em crianças maiores. Peritonite purulenta ou fibrinosa ocorreu mais comumente por contigüidade à lesäo intestinal, sendo identificados apenas quatro casos de perfuraçäo. Constatou-se que, em analogia ao recém-nascido pré-termo com asfixia perinatal, cuja suscetivilidade a infecçöes é maior devido à imaturidade do seu sistema imunológico, diarréia crônica e desnutriçäo em recém-nascidos a termo e crianças maiores causam deficiência imunológica e alteraçäo na barreira intestinal, que associadas a hipovolemia (por desidrataçäo) e sépsis levam a isquemia e invasäo da mucosa intestinal pela flora micobacteriana local produzindo, freqüentemente, um padräo histológico distinto daquele descrito para enterocolite necrosante em recém-nascidos pré-termo de risco. Os autores chamem atençäo para a desnutriçäo como fator predisponente para o desenvolvimento da doença