Desarrollo de neoplasia en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal / Development of malignant tumors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Background: The chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, the extra-intestinal manifestations of the disease and the immunosuppressive treatment of inflammatory bowel disease may increase cancer risk. Aim: To report the demographic and clinical features of patients with IBD who developed a malignant tumor. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of an IBD patient registry of a private clinic, diagnosed between 1976 and 2014. Results: 437 subjects were included, aged 15-88 years (58% women). Seventy two percent of patients had ulcerative colitis. The median time of follow up was 6 years. Ten patients (2.3%) developed a malignant tumor. In four, the tumor could be related to IBD (two colorectal cancers, one cholangiocarcinoma and one chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)). Two of 45 patients treated with biological therapy developed a tumor (CML and hypernephroma). Three of 170 patients on immunosuppressive treatment developed tumors. Only one had a tumor possibly related with the use of azathioprine (non-melanoma skin cancer). In only two patients, the treatment was changed at the time of their cancer diagnosis, from immunosuppressive medications to mesalamine. Conclusions: Only a small proportion of these patients with IBD developed a malignant tumor. The treatment of IBD has to be determined by the severity of the disease and not by the fear of developing a neoplasia. Following recommendations is fundamental to decrease the possibility of developing this complication.

Tendencia del cáncer colorectal en una zona del norte de España / Tendency of the Colorectal Cancer in a zone of northern Spain

Introducción: Las tasas de cáncer colorectal están aumentando en varios países. Para investigar este hecho hemos analizado las tasas de incidencia en una zona del Norte de España entre 1992 y 2005. Métodos: hemos calculado las tasas de incidencia del cáncer de colon y recto, así como la tendencia por el método de Joinpoint. Resultados: Se observa un porcentaje anual de cambio (APC) de 7.34 en mujeres y 10.10 en hombres, ambos estadísticamente significativos. En cambio no se encuentra variación en el cáncer de recto. Conclusiones: también en España se están encontrando notables incrementos de cáncer de colon, aunqueno de recto. Es preciso seguir monitorizando esta tendencia y evaluar los factores de riesgo para esta enfermedad.

Background: The colorectal cancer incidence rates have been rapidly increasing. In order to investigate trends in colorectal cancer incidence rates we analyzed incidence data between 1992 and 2005 in the North of Spain. Methods: Using Joinpoint models, we evaluated the effects of time period on colon and rectal cancer incidence. Results: The analysis found a significant annual percentage of change (APC) (7.34) on female colon cancer incidence, and a significant APC (10.10) in male incidence. For incidence rectal cancer significant cohort effect was found comparing males and females. Conclusions: Owr study shows a significant continuous increase incidence of colon cancer in Spain. We suggest to follow monitoring of cancer incidence and assessing risk factors.