Covid-19: a catástrofe latino-americana, entre a caça e a imaginação / Covid-19: the Latin American catastrophe between the hunting and the imagination / Covid-19: la catástrofe latinoamericana, entre la caza y la imaginación

Esta nota expõe um breve balanço da história da pandemia de Covid após sete meses de crise. Com esse objetivo, apreendemos três grandes tendências: o impacto letal do negacionismo em países como os Estados Unidos e o Brasil; a chegada da segunda onda na Europa e, enfim, a catástrofe nos países latinoamericanos onde os indicadores pioram em todos eles independentemente das políticas de contenção que foram implementadas desde o mês de março de 2020. Para a discussão dessas três tendências, elaboramos três momentos de reflexão de maior fôlego: a clivagem que separa os modelos de gestão da pandemia na Ásia no Ocidente; a necessidade de uma política social (como o auxílio emergencial) para tornar viáveis as políticas sanitárias na América Latina; e, enfim, uma reflexão mais geral sobre a relação entre as catástrofes e a imaginação.

This paper presents a brief analysis of the history concerning Covid pandemic after its beginning seven months ago. In pursuing this purpose we realised three major trends: the lethal impact of denialism in countries such as United States and Brazil; the arrival of the second wave of coronavirus in Europe; and finally, the Latin American catastrophe where the indicators of people affected by disease worsen in all their countries regardless of the policies to restrain it implemented since March 2020. To discuss these three trends, we have deepened three reflections: the cleavage between the management model of the pandemic in Asia and the Western management model; the need for a social policy (such as an emergency financial aid) to make health policies viable in Latin America; and at last a general reflection on the relationship between the catastrophes and the imagination.

Esta nota expone un breve análisis de la historia de la pandemia de Covid después de siete meses de crisis. Intentando alcanzar este propósito, hemos distinguido tres grandes tendencias: el impacto letal del negacionismo en países como Estados Unidos y Brasil; la llegada de la segunda ola a Europa; y finalmente la catástrofe latinoamericana donde los indicadores del contagio empeoraron en todos los países independiente de las políticas de contención implementadas desde marzo de 2020. Para discutir estas tres tendencias, hemos profundizado tres reflexiones: la diferencia entre el modelo de gestión de la pandemia en Asia y el modelo implementado en Occidente; la necesidad de una política social (como lo auxilio financiero de emergencia) para hacer viables las políticas de salud en Latinoamérica; y por último una reflexión de forma más general sobre la relación entre las catástrofes y la imaginación.

Exercícios ambulatórios para uma reflexão acerca das psicologias sociais e da cidade* / Ambulatory exercises for a reflection upon social psychologies and the city / Ejercicios ambulatorios para una reflexión acerca de las psicologías sociales y urbanas

Penso a relação entre diferentes psicologias sociais e as cidades. Para tanto, caracterizo tais psicologias como manifestantes que foram às ruas em 2013 nas chamadas "jornadas de junho". Faço, a partir desse experimento ficcional, uma reflexão acerca do compromisso ético e dos desafios práticos e epistêmicos que as psicologias sociais enfrentam em diferentes campos empíricos, tais como: a luta por direitos humanos; as políticas públicas; a prática científica e acadêmica; e os movimentos sociais. Neste processo, destaca-se a cidade em sua radical heterogênese como potência de desacomodação das formações estereotipadas que assombram as práticas e as pesquisas em Psicologia Social. Por fim, este texto relaciona estas reflexões com a temática do Encontro Regional Sul da ABRAPSO de 2014, em Londrina, que foi "O clamor das ruas", problematizando a dialética rua x interioridade que é constituinte da subjetividade contemporânea, com vistas à problematização de uma dimensão comum que tem na cidade seu modo de expressão por excelência.(AU)

I think on the relation between different social psychologies and the cities. In order to do that, I figure those social psychologies as demonstrators who took the streets in the so -called June Journeys in 2013. From this fictional experiment I make a reflection about the ethical engagement and the practical and epistemic challenges faced by social psychologies in different empirical fields: human rights struggle; public policies; scientific and academy practices; and social movements. By doing so, the city in its radical hetero engenderment is highlighted as a potential inconvenience to the stereotyped formations that haunts Social Psychology in praxis and research. By the end, this text relates those reflections with the theme from de Regional South Encounter of ABRAPSO in 2014, at Londrina, "The claim from the streets", questioning the dialectics street x interior which is constitutive of the contemporary subjectivity, in order to analyse a common dimension which has in the city its expression par excellence.(AU)

Pienso acerca de la relación de las distintas psicologías sociales y las ciudades. En este objetivo caracterizo estas distintas psicologías sociales como manifestantes que salieron a las calles en las llamadas "días de junio" en 2013. Pienso en la relación entre diferentes psicologías sociales y ciudades. Con este fin, caracterizo tales psicologías como manifestantes que salieron a las calles en 2013 en los llamados "viajes de junio". A partir de este experimento ficticio, reflexiono sobre el compromiso ético y los desafíos prácticos y epistémicos que enfrentan las psicologías sociales en diferentes campos empíricos, tales como: la lucha por los derechos humanos; políticas públicas; práctica científica y académica; y movimientos sociales. En este proceso, la ciudad se destaca en su heterogénesis radical como un poder desencadenante de formaciones estereotipadas que persiguen las prácticas e investigaciones de la Psicología Social. Finalmente, este texto relaciona estas reflexiones con el tema de la Reunión Regional del Sur ABRAPSO 2014 en Londrina, que fue "El clamor de las calles", problematizando la dialéctica calle x interioridad que es un componente de la subjetividad contemporánea, con miras a problematizar una dimensión común que tiene en la ciudad su modo de expresión por excelencia.(AU)

Childhood obesity in the Middle East: a review

Accurate and comprehensive data on the extent of the problem of childhood obesity is lacking in countries of the Middle East. This review, based on a Medline search, summarizes the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in the region during 1990-2007. The highest rates of obesity and overweight were reported from Bahrain and the lowest from the Islamic Republic of Iran. Studies from Saudi Arabia, Islamic Republic of Iran and Kuwait showed an upwards trend in childhood obesity compared with a decade ago. Lack of uniformity in reference standards and reporting systems renders comparisons difficult. Nevertheless, the high prevalence of childhood obesity in the Middle East should stimulate policy-makers in the region to set up effective national and regional surveillance systems

National tuberculosis programme managers’ meeting: Sinaia, Romania, 27–28 September 2004

The WHO European Region confronts critically important challenges. Across the Region the challenges are multiple and varied. To the east, rates of HIV (and HIV-associated tuberculosis) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are climbing, health systems remain frail, surveillance and laboratory services are underresourced, and in places political commitment is inadequate. To the west, TB in marginalized populations, such as migrant populations and the elderly, represents a challenge. In addition, political commitment to Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS) remains low in some countries. As a Region, Europe is struggling to increase its TB treatment success rates above 75%, despite the DOTS strategy being adopted by a large number of countries over the past decade, and it is therefore some way from achieving the World Health Assembly (WHA) target of 85% success. Although case detection rates across the Region remain inadequate and only 40% of the population currently have access to the DOTS strategy, substantial regional variations exist. If the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and the WHA targets that pertain to TB are to be achieved, the breadth and depth of DOTS coverage across the Region and within countries needs to be expanded. The principal public health challenge that lies ahead is to operationalize effective strategies and integrate MDR-TB and HIV control programmes into a DOTS framework that meets European needs.

Acerca de la muerte del rey Herodes el Grande / About the death of Herod the Great

Herod the Great was the founder of a dynasty that reigned on Judea for several generations. His birth date is estimated on year 73 AC and died at 70 years old. Descriptions of the final disease of Herod were obtained from the classical chronicles of Flavius Josephus, The Jewish war and Jewish Antiquities. A medical explanation for his death is attempted. A parasitism caused by Schistosoma haematobium is suggested as the etiology for chronic renal failure (edema, halitosis and orthopnea) and a "gangrene of genitalia that engendered worms" in the words of Josephus. This would be explained by the formation of genital and urinary fistulae, observed in such disease. The asseveration that Herod was attacked by black bilis is also discussed, based on the concepts of the Hippocratic medicine of that time.

Coordination of Operation MECACAR Plus : report on the sixth meeting, Ankara, Turkey 20-22 October 1999

The sixth meeting on the coordination of Operation MECACAR Plus was attended by representatives of 16 participating countries from the WHO European (EUR) and Eastern Mediterranean (EMR) Regions and of the major partner organizations. Operation MECACAR/MECACAR Plus has led to unprecedented collaboration among 18 countries of EUR and EMR to coordinate implementation of polio eradication strategies. The last case of polio in EUR to date has been reported from Turkey with onset on 26 November 1998. Extraordinary progress toward polio eradication has also been achieved in EMR and reported polio is now at record low levels. Nevertheless, wild poliovirus transmission is still occurring in some MECACAR Plus countries of EMR, including Afghanistan, Iraq and Pakistan. Discussions focused on the results of Operation MECACAR Plus in 1999 and plans of action for 2000, improving surveillance in participating countries, and enriching the polio eradication partnership. Accelerated activities may be necessary in several MECACAR Plus countries to interrupt or prevent poliovirus transmission. Regional plans of action for the containment of wild poliovirus must be prepared as soon as possible to facilitate the certification process