Fatores de riscos modificáveis relacionados a osteoartrite entre pessoas idosas / Factores de riesgo modificables relacionados con la osteoartritis entre personas mayores / Modifiable risk factors related to osteoarthritis among older people

Objetivo: buscar evidências sobre os fatores de riscos modificáveis que estão relacionados ao desenvolvimento da osteoartrite de joelho e quadril, entre as pessoas idosas. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa norteada pelo PRISMA, nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scopus, Medline, SciELO e Web of Science. Utilizou-se os descritores: Idoso; Envelhecimento; Osteoartrite; Quadril; Joelho; Fatores de Risco. Resultados: identificou-se sete artigos com destaque para soberania dos fatores de risco relacionados ao sobrepeso e/ou obesidade para o desenvolvimento da osteoartrite de joelho e quadril, entre as pessoas idosas. Conclusão: os resultados demonstraram a necessidade do controle do peso para prevenção da osteoartrite entre as pessoas idosas e do desenvolvimento de mais estudos sobre a temática.

Objective: to seek evidence on modifiable risk factors that are related to the development of knee and hip osteoarthritis among elderly people. Method: this is an integrative review guided by PRISMA, in the Lilacs, Scopus, Medline, SciELO and Web of Science databases. The following descriptors were used: Elderly; Aging; Osteoarthritis; Hip; Knee; Risk factors. Results: seven articles were identified highlighting the sovereignty of risk factors related to overweight and/or obesity for the development of knee and hip osteoarthritis among elderly people. Conclusion: the results demonstrated the need for weight control to prevent osteoarthritis among elderly people and the development of more studies on the subject.

Objetivo: buscar evidencia sobre factores de riesgo modificables que se relacionan con el desarrollo de osteoartritis de rodilla y cadera en personas mayores. Método: se trata de una revisión integradora guiada por PRISMA, en las bases de datos Lilacs, Scopus, Medline, SciELO y Web of Science. Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores: Adulto mayor; Envejecimiento; Osteoartritis; Cadera; Rodilla; Factores de riesgo. Resultados: fueron identificados siete artículos que destacan la soberanía de los factores de riesgo relacionados con el sobrepeso y/u obesidad para el desarrollo de artrosis de rodilla y cadera en personas mayores. Conclusión: los resultados demostraron la necesidad del control de peso para prevenir la artrosis en personas mayores y el desarrollo de más estudios sobre el tema.

Quality of Life and Satisfaction in Patients Above and Under 65 Years Old Submitted to Total Knee Arthroplasty / Qualidade de vida e satisfação de pacientes com idade superior ou inferior a 65 anos submetidos a artroplastia total de joelho

Abstract Objective To compare the level of quality of life and satisfaction after two years of total knee arthroplasties between individuals above and below 65 years of age and to identify predictor factors of poor clinical outcome and low level of satisfaction in patients undergoing arthroplasty. Methods This is a retrospective cohort with data from patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis submitted to primary total knee arthroplasty from 2014 to 2018 (n= 190). Clinical outcomes were assessed using the following scores: visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, EQ-5D-3L and EUROQOL-VAS (quality of life scales), patient satisfaction level, and functional scale of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), collected through a questionnaire applied preoperatively, as well as 1, 3, 12 and 24 months after surgery. Results Patients < 65 years old presented significantly lower values (clinical worsening) in KOOS-pain and KOOS-symptoms. There are no differences in the principal clinical scores that assess pain, function, and quality of life after the procedure, as well as in the rate of satisfaction with the procedure, among patients < 65 years old when compared with patients ≥ 65 years old. It was also observed that patients who were not satisfied with the procedure in the 24-month evaluation presented clinical results in some analyzed scores (KOOS-pain and EQ-VAS) similar to patients who declared themselves satisfied. Conclusion Scores that assess pain, function, quality of life, as well as satisfaction rate are similar between patients < 65 years old and those ≥ 65 years old.

Resumo Objetivo Comparar a qualidade de vida e satisfação 2 anos após a artroplastia total de joelho em indivíduos com idade ≥ e < 65 anos e identificar fatores preditivos de pior evolução clínica e baixo nível de satisfação nestes pacientes. Métodos Trata-se de uma coorte retrospectiva de dados de pacientes com diagnóstico de osteoartrite de joelho submetidos a artroplastia total primária de joelho entre 2014 e 2018 (n= 190). Os resultados clínicos foram avaliados de acordo com os seguintes escores: escala visual analógica (EVA) de dor, EQ-5D-3L e EUROQOL-VAS (escalas de qualidade de vida), nível de satisfação do paciente e escala funcional do Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS, na sigla em inglês). Estes dados foram coletados por meio de questionário aplicado no período pré-operatório e 1, 3, 12 e 24 meses após a cirurgia. Resultados Os pacientes < 65 anos apresentaram valores significativamente menores (piora clínica) nas escalas KOOS-dor e KOOS-sintomas. Não houve diferenças nas principais pontuações clínicas de dor, função e qualidade de vida após o procedimento, nem no índice de satisfação com a cirurgia, entre pacientes < 65 anos em comparação com aqueles ≥ 65 anos. Observamos também que os pacientes não satisfeitos com o procedimento à avaliação de 24 meses apresentaram resultados clínicos em alguns escores analisados (KOOS-dor e EQ-VAS) semelhantes aos dos pacientes que se declararam satisfeitos. Conclusão Os escores que avaliam dor, função, qualidade de vida e índice de satisfação são semelhantes entre os pacientes < 65 anos e aqueles ≥ 65 anos.

Relationship between pain, functional limitations, dependence, depression and osteoarthritis in older adults / Relação da dor, limitação funcional, dependência e depressão com a osteoartrite em idosos

Abstract Introduction Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent pathology in older adults, with physical, social and psychological impacts that reduce their quality of life. Objective Analyze the correlation between KOA in older individuals and biopsychosocial aspects such as pain, functional limitation, dependence, anxiety and depression. Methods A systematic review of English and Portuguese articles published on the Cochrane Library, PUBMED/MEDLINE, SciELO and Web of Science databases between 2016 and 2021, selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results After cross-checking specific to each database, studies were selected by reading the title (2,304), abstract (136) and full article (72), with 30 ultimately included based on the eligibility criteria. Conclusion Knee osteoarthritis has a significant negative impact on patients' lives and is correlated with pain, functional limitation, dependence, anxiety and depression, compromising interpersonal relationships, physical and mental status and causing disability due to chronic pain, making osteoarthritis (OA) a public health issue with a high financial, physical and emotional cost for patients.

Resumo Introdução A osteoartrite de joelho é uma patologia prevalente em idosos, impactando suas vidas em um contexto físico, social e psicológico, o que ocasiona redução na qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. Objetivo Analisar a correlação entre a osteoartrite de joelho em idosos e aspectos biopsicossociais como dor, limitação funcional, dependência, ansiedade e depressão. Métodos Revisão sistemática de artigos publicados nas bases de dados Cochrane Library, PUBMED/MEDLINE, SciELO e Web of Science, entre 2016 e 2021, em português e inglês. Após isso, realizou-se a seleção dos artigos de acordo com os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados Após cruzamentos específicos em cada base, selecionaram-se os artigos por meio da leitura do título (2.304), do resumo (136) e do artigo na íntegra (72). Assim, 30 artigos foram selecionados de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade. Conclusão Confirmou-se que a osteoartrite de joelho impacta negativamente a vida dos pacientes e está correlacionada com dor, limitação funcional, dependência, ansiedade e depressão, prejudicando as relações interpessoais, afetando condições físicas e mentais e gerando incapacidade devido à dor crônica, tornando a osteoartrite uma questão de saúde pública de alto custo financeiro, físico e emocional aos pacientes.

Pain, Stiffness and Functional Capacity Associated with Kinesiophobia in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis, Hospital Nacional Hipolito Unanue, Peru / Dolor, rigidez y capacidad funcional asociados a la kinesiofobia en pacientes con artrosis de rodilla, Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue (Perú) / Dor, rigidez e capacidade funcional associados à cinesiofobia em pacientes com gonartrose, Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, Peru

Introduction: The progressive and chronic characteristics of knee osteoarthritis imply the presence of symptoms, such as pain, stiffness, and functional capacity difficulty to varying degrees. However, asso-ciated psychosocial phenomena, such as kinesiophobia, may also arise, impeding the patient's recov-ery. The aim of this study is to determine the association among pain, stiffness, functional capacity, and kinesiophobia in patients with knee osteoarthritis at Hospital Nacional Hipolito Unanue, Peru, in the first two months of 2020. Materials and methods: An observational, correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 88 patients with knee osteoarthritis who were selected by census sampling. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia were used to measure pain, stiffness, functional capacity and kinesiophobia, respectively. Pearson's chi-square test (p < 0.01) was used for bivariate analysis. Results: The results showed a mean age of 66.38 years and a higher frequency in the female sex (68.2 %), current occupation without physical workload (56.8 %), secondary level education (40.9 %), time of illness of 1­5 years (51.1 %), bilateral lower limb involvement (68.18 %), moderate pain (51.1 %), moderate stiffness (51.1 %), functional capacity dif-ficulties (61.4 %), and a high level of kinesiophobia (60.2 %). A relationship was found between the vari-ables of pain, stiffness, and functional capacity associated with kinesiophobia (0.000). Conclusions: Pain, stiffness, and functional capacity are associated with kinesiophobia in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The degree of symptomatology increases with the increasing level of kinesiophobia.

Introducción: la característica progresiva y crónica de la gonartrosis supone la presencia de síntomas como el dolor, la rigidez y la dificultad de la capacidad funcional en diferentes grados; sin embargo, pueden también surgir fenómenos psicosociales asociados como la kinesiofobia, que impiden la recuperación del paciente. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la asociación entre dolor, rigidez, capacidad funcional y kinesiofobia en pacientes con gonartrosis del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue (Perú), en los primeros dos meses de 2020. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, correlacional y de corte transversal realizado en 88 pacientes con gonartrosis seleccionados por muestreo censal. Se empleó el Cuestionario womac y la Escala Tampa para Kinesiofobia (tsk-11) y se utilizó el estadístico chi cuadrado de Pearson (p < 0.01) para el análisis bivariado. Resultados: una edad media de 66.38 años y una mayor frecuencia del sexo femenino (68.2 %), ocupación actual sin carga física (56.8 %), grado de instrucción secundaria (40.9 %), tiempo de enfermedad de 1-5 años (51.1 %), afectación bilateral de miembros inferiores (68.18 %), grado moderado de dolor (51.1 %), grado moderado de rigidez (51.1 %), grado con dificultades de capacidad funcional (61.4 %) y nivel alto de kinesiofobia (60.2 %). Se halló relación entre las variables dolor, rigidez y capacidad funcional con la kinesiofobia (0.000). Conclusiones: el dolor, la rigidez y la capacidad funcional están asociadas con la kinesiofobia en pacientes con gonartrosis. A mayor grado de sintomatología, mayor kinesiofobia.

Introdução: a característica progressiva e crônica da gonartrose supõe a presença de sintomas como dor, rigidez e dificuldade na capacidade funcional em diferentes graus, porém, fenômenos psicosso-ciais associados como a cinesiofobia também podem surgir, impedindo a recuperação do paciente. O objetivo do estudo é determinar a associação entre dor, rigidez, capacidade funcional e cinesiofobia em pacientes com gonartrose do Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, no Peru, nos dois primeiros meses de 2020. Materiais e métodos: estudo observacional, correlacional e de corte transversal realizado em 88 pacientes com gonartrose selecionados por amostragem censitária. Foram utilizados o Questionário womac e a Escala Tampa para Cinesiofobia (tsk-11) e a estatística Qui-quadrado de Pearson (p < 0,01) para análise bivariada. Resultados: idade média de 66,38 anos e maior frequência do sexo feminino (68,2 %), ocupação atual sem carga física (56,8 %), ensino médio (40,9 %), tempo de doença de 1 a 5 anos (51,1 %), acometimento bilateral de membros inferiores (68,18 %), grau moderado de dor (51,1 %), grau moderado de rigidez (51,1 %), grau com dificuldades de capacidade funcional (61,4 %) e alto nível de cinesiofobia (60,2 %). Foi encontrada relação entre as variáveis dor, rigidez e capacidade funcional com cinesiofobia (0,000). Conclusões: dor, rigidez e capacidade funcional estão associadas à cinesiofobia em pacientes com gonartrose. Maior grau de sintomatologia, maior nível de cinesiofobia.

Artroscopia de rodilla en pacientes mayores de 64 años con gonartrosis primaria / Knee Arthroscopy In Patients Over 64 Years Of Age With Primary Gonarthrosis

Introducción: La gonartrosis es una entidad frecuente, que afecta especialmente a personas mayores de 60 años de edad. Para su tratamiento se combinan modalidades conservadoras y quirúrgicas y dentro de esta última, las realizadas por la vía artroscópica. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de las técnicas quirúrgicas por vía artroscópica en pacientes con gonartrosis primaria mayores de 64 años de edad. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio pre experimental de diseño (preprueba-posprueba) en 40 pacientes mayores de 64 años tratados por vía artroscópica con el diagnóstico de gonartrosis primaria, en el Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la ciudad de Camagüey de octubre 2012 a mayo de 2019. La investigación tiene un nivel de evidencia IV y recomendación D. Resultados: El promedio de edad de los pacientes estudiados fue de 69,6 años con predominio del sexo femenino sobre el masculino, y una razón de 3:1. La afección tricompartimental predominó en la mayoría de los enfermos, así como el grado IV según la clasificación de Outerbridge. Predominaron las lesiones de cartílago y meniscos asociadas. Los tratamientos por vía artroscópica más empleados fueron el desbridamiento y la meniscectomía parcial. Se detectó significación estadística entre un antes y un después. Conclusiones: Los resultados de la investigación muestran que los procedimientos realizados a través de la vía artroscópica en pacientes mayores de 64 años de edad con gonartrosis primaria son efectivos en más de la mitad de los enfermos(AU)

Introduction: Gonarthrosis is a common entity that especially affects people over 60 years of age. For its treatment, conservative and surgical modalities are combined, and within the latter, those carried out by the arthroscopic route. Objective: To evaluate the results of arthroscopic surgical techniques in patients with primary gonarthrosis older than 64 years of age. Methods: A pre-experimental design study (pre-test-post-test) was carried out in 40 patients older than 64 years treated arthroscopically due to the diagnosis of primary gonarthrosis, at Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital in Camagüey from October 2012 to May. of 2019. The research has a level of evidence IV and recommendation D. Results: The average age of the patients studied was 69.6 years, with a predominance of females, and a ratio of 3:1. Tricompartmental involvement prevailed in most of the patients, as well as grade IV according to the Outerbridge classification. Associated cartilage and meniscus injuries predominated. The most used arthroscopic treatments were debridement and partial meniscectomy. Statistical significance was detected between before and after. Conclusions: The results of the investigation show that the procedures carried out through the arthroscopic route in patients older than 64 years of age with primary gonarthrosis are effective in more than half of the patients(AU)

Efectos en la capacidad funcional de un programa de ejercicio físico terapéutico basado en telesalud en personas con diagnóstico de osteoartritis de rodilla y cadera / Effects of a telehealth-based physical exercise program on functional capacity in patients with osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND: Telehealth is a novel therapeutic alternative. Aim: To determine the effects of a remote therapeutic physical exercise program (TPEP), based on telehealth, on functional physical capacity in people with knee or hip osteoarthritis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An eight-week TPEP was undertaken by 36 participants with a mean age of 68 years. The control group received printed exercise instructions, while the experimental group received the same instructions plus TPEP using tutorial videos and voice messaging via WhatsApp. Both groups were evaluated at baseline and the end of the intervention with the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Barthel index (BI), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), senior fitness test and with the Visual Analog Scale for pain (VAS). RESULTS: The experimental group decreased the VAS score and improved tandem balance, three-meter walk, sit and stand 5 times, sit and stand in 30 seconds, push-ups in 30 seconds, two minutes' walk, join the right hand behind the back and SPPB general score. The control group increased the BI score and improved the three meters walking test, sitting, and standing 5 times, sit and stand 30 seconds chair test, 2 minutes walking test and the SPPB general score. No differences between groups were observed for the LEFS scale, BI, VAS and functional capacity. CONCLUSIONS: A TPEP based on telehealth has similar effectiveness than a TPEP based on traditional paper-based intervention to improve functional physical capacity in patients with OA. (Rev Med Chile 2022; 150: 33-45)

Prótesis unicompartimental de rodilla. Resultados clínico-radiográficos y análisis de la supervivencia del implante / Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Clinical-radiographic results and analysis of implant survival

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados clínicos y radiográficos en pacientes sometidos a artroplastia unicompartimental de rodilla, así como la tasa de complicaciones y la supervivencia del implante. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 68 pacientes consecutivos (70 rodillas) sometidos a artroplastia unicompartimental de rodilla entre 2013 y 2020, con un seguimiento medio de 57.7 meses (rango 24-105) y una media de la edad de 61 años (rango 34-79). El 46,5% eran hombres. El índice de masa corporal medio era de 29,9 (rango 20-39). El diagnóstico más frecuente fue la artrosis del compartimento femorotibial medial con un varo <7°. Los resultados se evaluaron con la escala analógica visual para dolor y el Knee Society Score (KSS). Se evaluó la incidencia de complicaciones y la tasa de supervivencia del implante. Resultados: La disminución media en la escala analógica visual para dolor fue de 4,4 ± 1,9. Las puntuaciones medias posoperatorias en las escalas funcional y clínica del KSS fueron de 77,4 ± 13,7 y 70,2 ± 17,7, respectivamente. La tasa de complicaciones posquirúrgicas fue del 7% (5 casos). La tasa de reintervención quirúrgica fue del 15,5% (11 pacientes): nueve casos por persistencia del dolor, uno por rigidez articular y otro por aflojamiento aséptico. Conclusiones: La artroplastia unicompartimental de rodilla es una opción terapéutica eficaz para pacientes con gonartrosis unicompartimental de rodilla; se logran buenos resultados clínicos con una aceptable tasa de complicaciones; sin embargo, la tasa de revisión del implante es considerable. Nivel de Evidencia: IV

Objective: To assess the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent a unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), as well as the complication rate and implant survival. Materials and Methods: We present a retrospective descriptive study of 68 consecutive patients (70 knees) who underwent UKA between 2013 and 2020, with an average follow-up of 57.7 mon-ths (range 24-105) and an average age of 61 years (range 34-79). 46.5% of the patients were male. The average BMI was 29.9 (range 20-39). The most frequent etiology was osteoarthritis of the medial femorotibial compartment with a varus <7°. To assess the outcomes, the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and the Knee Society Score (KSS) were used. The complication and implant survival rates were evaluated. Results: The average decrease in the VAS pain scale was 4.4±1.9. The average score on the postoperative KSS functional and clinical scales were 77.4±13.7 and 70.2±17.7, respectively. The postoperative complication rate was 7% (5 cases). The surgical reoperation rate was 15.5% (11 patients): nine cases for persistent pain, one case for joint stiffness, and one case for aseptic loosening. Conclusions: UKA is an effective therapeutic option for patients with unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis, providing good clinical results with an acceptable rate of complications; however, it provides a considerable implant revision rate. Level of Evidence: IV

Tendencia temporal y evaluación demográfica de hospitalizaciones por osteoartritis / Temporal trends and demographic evaluation of hospitalizations due to osteoarthritis

OBJETIVO: Describir la tendencia temporal de osteoartritis (OA) según egresos hospitalarios considerando ubicación anatómica, distribución por sexo, edad, condiciones más frecuentes, y ubicación geográfica en Chile entre los años 2012 y 2018. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, poblacional, que analizó las bases de datos públicas del Departamento de Estadísticas e Información en Salud (DEIS) del Ministerio de Salud de Chile, en particular los registros con codificación de M15 a M19. Se calcularon las tasas por 100 mil egresos hospitalarios, así como también el porcentaje de OA según las categorías analizadas. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 11.622.605 egresos hospitalarios entre 2012 y 2018. El número total de egresos hospitalarios por OA fue de 78.700. Se observó que la distribución por sexo fue similar a lo largo de los años ( 40% y 60% en hombres y mujeres, respectivamente). El rango de edad más afectado fue el de 65 a 79 años, cuya tasa promedio fue de 2.046 por 100 mil egresos; además, fue el grupo que presentó el mayor aumento (60%) en su tasa de 2012 a 2018. La Región Metropolitana (291,7 egresos) y de Valparaíso (89,6 egresos) presentaron las tasas más altas. La cadera (56,6%) y la rodilla (31%) fueron las ubicaciones más frecuentes de casos de OA, con distribución similar por sexo, edad y geografía en comparación a los egresos totales por OA. CONCLUSIONES: Los egresos hospitalarios por OA en Chile aumentaron entre 2012 y 2018, preferencialmente en casos de OA en las articulaciones de cadera y rodilla en el grupo de mujeres de edad avanzada de la zona centro del país. NIVEL DE EVIDENCIA: Estudio descriptivo.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the temporal trends of osteoathritis (OA) according to hospital discharges considering anatomical location, distribution by gender, age, more frequent conditions, and geographic location in Chile between 2012 and 2018. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective, descriptive and population study which analyzed the public databases of the Department of Health Statistics and Information (Departamento de Estadísticas e Información en Salud, DEIS, in Spanish) of the Ministry of Health of Chile, in particular the records with codes M15 through M19. Rates per 100 thousand hospital discharges were calculated, as well as the percentage of OA according to the categories analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 11,622,605 hospital discharges were found between 2012 and 2018. The total number of hospital discharges due to OA was of 78,700. The distribution by gender was similar over the years ( 40% and 60% among men and women respectively). Adults aged between 65 and 79 years were the most affected, and their average rate was of 2,046 per 100 thousand discharges. It was also the group that presented the highest increase (60%) in rate from 2012 to 2018. The Metropolitan Region (291.7 discharges) and Valparaíso (89.6 discharges) presented the highest rates in Chile. The hip (56.6%) and knee (31%) were the most frequent locations of OA, which presented similar distribution by gender, age and geography when compared with the total discharges due to OA. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital discharges due to OA in Chile increased between 2012 and 2018, preferentially in cases of hip and knee-joint OA in the group of elderly women in the central area of the country. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Descriptive study.

Gait speed and functional performance in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis / Velocidade da marcha e desempenho funcional de idosas com osteoartrite de joelho

Abstract Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative and inflammatory disease that causes skeletal muscle dysfunction and induces limitation of functional activities, such as gait. Objective: To assess the relationship between gait speed and functional performance in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: 38 elderly women were divided into two groups: knee osteoarthritis group (KOAG) (n = 24, 68 ± 4.42) and control group (CG) (n = 14, 66.35 ± 3.54). Gait speed data was assessed through Qualisys system and functional performance through a checklist of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Results: Comparing with CG (p < 0.05), KOAG patients had lower gait speed (p = 0.004) and worse functional performance in d4500 (walking short distances), d4501 (walking long distances), d4502 (walking on different surfaces), and d4503 (walking around obstacles) ICF categories. By associating gait speed and functional performance in KOAG, significant differences were found in the d4500 (p = 0.019) and d4501 (p = 0.035) categories, but none for either the d4502 (p = 0.511) or d4503 (p = 0.076) categories. Gait speed was negatively correlated with d4500 (rho = -0.585, p = 0.003), d4501 (rho= -0.552, p = 0.005), and d4502 (rho = -0,548, p = 0,006). Conclusion: Gait speed is related to functional performance in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis for the activities of walking short distances, walking long distances, and walking on different surfaces. However, it seems that gait speed is not related to walking around obstacles.

Resumo Introdução: A osteoartrite de joelho (OJ) é uma doença degenerativa e inflamatória que causa incapacidade musculoesquelética, acarretando limitação de atividades funcionais como a marcha. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre velocidade da marcha e desempenho funcional em idosas com OJ. Métodos: Trinta e oito idosas foram divididas em grupo com osteoartrite de joelho (GOAJ) (n = 24, 68 ± 4,42) e grupo controle (GC) (n = 14, 66,35 ± 3,54) e avaliadas quanto à velocidade da marcha, utilizando o sistema Qualisys, e quanto ao desempenho funcional através de um checklist da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). Resultados: GOAJ apresentou menor velocidade da marcha (p = 0,004) e pior desempenho funcional nas categorias da CIF d4500 (andar distâncias curtas), d4501 (andar distâncias longas), d4502 (andar em superfícies diferentes) e d4503 (andar contornando obstáculos) em comparação ao GC (p < 0,05). Ao associar velocidade da marcha e desempenho funcional do GOAJ, encontrou-se diferenças nas categorias d4500 (p = 0,019) e d4501 (p = 0,035), mas não em relação às categorias d4502 (p = 0,511) e d4503 (p = 0,076). Velocidade da marcha correlacionou-se negativamente com d4500 (rho = - 0,585, p = 0,003), d4501 (rho = -0,552, p = 0,005) e d4502 (rho = -0,548, p = 0,006). Conclusão: Existe relação entre velocidade da marcha e desempenho funcional de idosas com OJ quanto às atividades de andar distâncias curtas e longas e sobre superfícies diferentes; no entanto, a velocidade da marcha parece não interferir na atividade de andar contornando obstáculos.

Aquatic physiotherapy in the functional capacity of elderly with knee osteoarthritis / Fisioterapia aquática na capacidade funcional de idosos com osteoartrite de joelho

Abstract Introduction: Physicaltherapy in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) acts to decrease pain, increase joint functionality and to promote improvement in quality of life. Objective: To analyze the effect of a structured program of aquatic physiotherapy (AP) on functional capacity (FC) and mobility of elderly people with OA. Methods: Prospective, quantitative and analytical, randomized control study. The sample consisted of 29 patients, aged 60 years or over, diagnosed with OA, randomly allocated to the intervention group (IG), composed of 17 participants who underwent BP for two months, and to the control group (CG) of 12 participants. The primary outcome was measured by the WOMAC instruments and six-minute walk test. As a secondary endpoint, the Timed Up and Go Test measured mobility. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to present the data, with mean and standard deviation values. The comparison between groups for potential confounding factors and in relation to evolution was performed using the non-parametric chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Dunn's test for multiple comparisons. The differences were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: There was a significant difference in physical and functional parameters related to pain (p < 0.001), stiffness (p < 0.001) physical activity (p < 0.001), distance covered in six minutes (p = 0.001), and mobility (p < 0.001) when comparing IG to CG. Conclusion: The structured AP program effectively contributed to the improvement of FC and mobility of elderly people with knee OA.

Resumo Introdução: A fisioterapia em pacientes com osteoartrite (OA) atua na diminuição da dor, aumento da funcionalidade articular e promove melhora na qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito de um programa estruturado de fisioterapia aquática (FA) na capacidade funcional (CF) e mobilidade de idosos com OA. Métodos: Estudo de controle prospectivo, quantitativo e analítico, randomizado. A amostra foi composta por 29 pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos e com diagnóstico de OA alocados aleatoriamente no grupo intervenção, composto por 17 participantes submetidos à PA por dois meses, e no grupo controle de 12 participantes. O desfecho primário foi medido pelos instrumentos WOMAC e teste de caminhada de seis minutos. Como desfecho secundário, o Timed Up and Go Test mediu a mobilidade. Análise estatística descritiva foi utilizada para apresentar os dados, com valores de média e desvio padrão. A comparação entre os grupos para potenciais fatores de confusão e em relação à evolução foi realizada com o teste qui-quadrado não paramétrico, o teste exato de Fisher e o teste de Kruskal-Wallis, e o teste de Dunn para comparações múltiplas. As diferenças foram consideradas estatisticamente significantes quando p < 0,05. Resultados: Observou-se diferença significativa nos parâmetros físicos e funcionais relacionados à dor (p < 0,001), rigidez (p < 0,001) atividade física (p < 0,001), distância percorrida em seis minutos (p = 0,001) e mobilidade (p < 0,001) quando comparado o IG ao GC. Conclusão: O programa estruturado de FA contribuiu efetivamente para a melhoria da CF e mobilidade de idosos com OA de joelho.

Tratamiento conservador de artrosis de rodilla: revisión bibliográfica / Knee arthrosis conservative treatment: Bibliographic Review

INTRODUCCIÓN: La artrosis rodilla es una enfermedad crónica, degenerativa, inflamatoria y multifactorial que afecta el cartílago articular, provocando dolor y pérdida de funcionalidad. Actualmente, existen una variedad de nuevos fármacos y protocolos terapéuticos, generando dudas al momento del tratamiento. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo es entregar una revisión de la literatura con información reciente, con el fin de brindar una recomendación actualizada para el manejo de la artrosis de rodilla. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una revisión no sistemática de estudios publicados entre enero del 2000 y agosto del 2020, utilizando los términos MeSH "knee", "osteoarthritis" y "therapeutics". Se usaron como motores de búsqueda PubMed, The Cochrane Library y Trip Data base, excluyendo estudios en animales y población pediátrica. DISCUSIÓN: Es importante destacar que independientemente de la modalidad de tratamiento, este debe ser escalonado e individualizado, pues cada paciente va a responder de forma diferente. Se recomienda en primer lugar los cambios de estilo de vida, autocuidado y educación. En segundo lugar, la kinesioterapia, seguido de la farmacología tópica y oral (AINES y paracetamol) y como última opción, el tratamiento intraarticular en base a corticoides. CONCLUSIÓN: El tratamiento de la artrosis de rodilla debe ser integral y centrado tanto en el manejo farmacológico como no farmacológico. Actualmente, no existe un único fármaco seguro, altamente útil y costo-efectivo para el tratamiento crónico

INTRODUCTION: Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic, degenerative, inflammatory, and multifactorial disease that affects joint cartilage, causing pain and loss of functionality. Currently, there are a variety of new drugs and therapeutic protocols, raising doubts at the time of treatment. Therefore, the objective of this work is to provide a review of the literature with recent information, to provide an updated recommendation for the management of knee osteoarthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A non-systematic review of studies published between January 2000 and August 2020 were performed, using the MeSH terms "knee", "osteoarthritis" and "therapeutics". PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Trip Database were used as search engines, excluding studies in animals and the pediatric population. ABSTRACT: It is important to highlight that regardless of the treatment modality, it must be stepped and individualized, since each patient will respond differently. Lifestyle changes, self-care, and education are recommended first. Secondly, kinesiotherapy, followed by topical and oral pharmacology (NSAIDs and paracetamol) and as a last option, intra-articular treatment based on corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee should be comprehensive and focused on both pharmacological and non-pharmacological management. Currently, there is no single safe, highly useful, and cost-effective drug for chronic treatment

Uso de bastones contralaterales en artrosis de rodilla / Contralateral canes for knee osteoarthritis

INTRODUCCIÓN La artrosis de rodilla es un problema de salud relevante dada su alta prevalencia y discapacidad asociada. Dentro de las alternativas de manejo no farmacológico se ha planteado el uso de bastones, sin embargo no existe consenso en la literatura respecto a su indicación. MÉTODOS Para responder esta pregunta utilizamos Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante búsquedas en múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, reanalizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis, preparamos tablas de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES Identificamos tres revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyeron cuatro estudios primarios, de los cuales, uno es ensayo aleatorizado. Concluimos que el uso de bastón contralateral en pacientes con artrosis de rodilla probablemente disminuye el dolor. Además, podría aumentar levemente la funcionalidad, pero la certeza de la evidencia es baja.

INTRODUCTION Knee osteoarthritis is a relevant health problem given its high prevalence and associated disability. Within the non-pharmacological management alternatives, the use of canes has been proposed, however, there is no consensus in the literature regarding its indication. METHODS We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We identified three systematic reviews including four studies overall, of which one was randomized trials. We conclude that the use of a contralateral cane in patients with knee osteoarthritis probably reduces pain. In addition, it could slightly increase function, but the certainty of the evidence is low.

Influence of knee osteoarthritis on functional performance, quality of life and pain in older women / Osteoartrite de joelhos e funcionalidade, qualidade de vida e dor em idosas / Artrosis de rodilla y rendimiento funcional, calidad de vida y dolor en ancianas

Abstract Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative disease in older people, causing pain, stiffness and dysfunction. Objective: To determine the influence of KOA on functional performance (FP), quality of life (QoL) and pain in older women. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, in which 50 older women diagnosed with KOA and 51 without KOA participated. Participants were assessed using FP tests: Sit-to-stand (STS); Gait speed test (GST); Timed Up and Go (TUG); 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Pain was assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS); quality of life by applying the SF-36; and self-perception of the disease by using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Results: No intergroup statistical differences were found in the BBS (p: 0.42), STS (p: 0.59) and 6MWT (p: 0.97). However, the KOA group showed slower GS (p < 0.00) and longer time in TUG (p < 0.00). They also presented higher pain levels (p < 0.01), worse perceived health status regarding pain, stiffness and physical function (WOMAC) (p < 0.01), as well as worse QoL indices in functional capacity, physical limitations, pain and overall health status (p < 0.010). Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrate that older women with KOA showed a decline in FP, QoL and higher pain levels.

Resumo Introdução: A osteoartrite de joelho (OAJ) é uma doença degenerativa comum em idosos que causa dor, rigidez e disfunção. Objetivo: Verificar a influência da OAJ sobre o desempenho funcional (DF), a qualidade de vida (QV) e a dor em idosas. Método: Tratou-se de estudo transversal cuja população participante foi composta por 50 idosas diagnosticadas com OAJ e 51 idosas sem OAJ. As voluntárias foram avaliadas com os testes do DF: Teste de sentar-levantar (TSL); velocidade da marcha (VM); Timed Up and Go (TUG); teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6') e Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg (EEB). A dor foi avaliada pela escala analógica visual (EVA) e analisou-se a qualidade de vida pelo SF-36 e a da autopercepção da doença, pelo questionário Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Resultados: Nos testes funcionais não foram verificadas diferenças estatísticas entre os grupos para os testes EEB (p: 0,42), TSL (p: 0,59) e TC6' (p: 0,97). Contudo nota-se que o grupo OAJ teve menor VM (p < 0,00) e maior tempo no TGUG (p < 0,00). Além disso, apresentam maiores níveis de dor (p < 0,01), pior percepção do estado de saúde nos domínios de dor, rigidez e função física (WOMAC) (p < 0,01), bem como piores índices de QV nos domínios capacidade funcional, limitação por aspectos físicos, dor e estado geral de saúde (p < 0,01). Conclusão: Os resultados do estudo demonstraram que idosas com OAJ apresentam redução do DF na QV e maior nível de dor.

Resumen Introducción: La artrosis de rodilla (AR) es una enfermedad degenerativa común en los ancianos que puede causar dolor, rigidez y disfunción. Objetivo: verificar la influencia de la AR en el rendimiento funcional, en la calidad de vida y el dolor en los ancianos. Método: Estudio transversal, y la población fue composta por 50 ancianas, diagnosticadas con AR, y 51 ancianas sin AR. Las voluntarias fueron evaluadas con pruebas de rendimiento funcional: sit-to-stand (STS); gait speed test (GST); Timed Up and Go (TUG); 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) y Berg Balance Scale (BBS). El dolor se evaluó mediante el cuestionario SF-36 y la autopercepción de la enfermedad con el cuestionario Western Ontario McMaster (WOMAC). Resultados: En las pruebas funcionales, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticas entre los grupos para las pruebas BBS (p: 0.42), TSLC (p: 0.59) y TC6'(p: 0.97). Sin embargo, se observa que el grupo AR tuvo una velocidad de la marcha más baja (p < 0.00) y un tiempo de TUG más largo (p < 0.00). Además, presentan niveles de dolor más altos (p < 0.01), peor percepción del estado de salud en los dominios de dolor, rigidez y función física (WOMAC) (p < 0.01), así como peores índices de calidad de vida en los dominios capacidad funcional, limitación por aspectos físicos, dolor y salud general (p < 0.01). Conclusión: Los resultados del estudio mostraron que las mujeres ancianas con AR presentan una reducción en el DF, en la calidad de vida y un mayor nivel de dolor.

Effectiveness of platelet rich plasma in pain management of osteoarthritis knee: double blind, randomized comparative study / Efetividade do plasma rico em plaquetas no tratamento da dor em osteoartrite de joelho: estudo comparativo randômico e duplo-cego

Abstract Background: Intra-articular injections of platelet-rich plasma to treat symptoms of knee osteoarthritis have been successfully used in young patients. However in most of these studies the control and test knees were present in different patients thus incorporating a large amount of bias in the results. Therefore, the present study was designed in which patients with bilateral osteoarthritis knee were included and platelet-rich plasma was administered in one knee and normal saline in another knee of same patient. Methods: 20 patients aged 30-65 years with bilateral osteoarthritis knees (ASA class I and II) of either gender were included in the study. Patients were randomized to receive platelet-rich plasma and normal saline in one of the two knees. The primary outcome was VAS and WOMAC score at 6 months after procedure. The secondary outcome included changes in joint stiffness, physical function, any adverse effects noted during the course of study. Results: The baseline VAS score in platelet-rich plasma knee was 8.4 ± 0.88 which improved significantly to 4.85 ± 2.48 (p < 0.001) at 6 months as compared to normal saline knee (p = 0.017). The WOMAC pain score also improved from baseline (14.5 ± 1.3) to over 6 month 7.00 ± 4.24 (p < 0.001) in platelet-rich plasma knee while in the normal saline knee, no significant change occurred from baseline to six months (10.2 ± 1.2 to 10.05 ± 1.23). There was also significant decrease in stiffness and improvement of physical activity in the platelet-rich plasma knee as compared to normal saline knee. Conclusion: The present study showed significant decrease in pain and stiffness and improvement of physical functions of knee joint with intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injection as compared to normal saline.

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: Injeções intra-articulares de plasma rico em plaquetas têm sido usadas com sucesso para tratar os sintomas da osteoartrite de joelho em pacientes jovens. Porém, na maioria desses estudos, os joelhos de controle e teste estavam presentes em diferentes pacientes, o que incorporou uma grande quantidade de viés aos resultados. Portanto, o projeto do presente estudo incluiu pacientes com osteoartrite em ambos os joelhos, com a administração de plasma rico em plaquetas em um dos joelhos e de solução salina normal no outro joelho do mesmo paciente. Métodos: 20 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 30-65 anos e portadores de osteoartrite bilateral de joelho (classificação ASA I e II) foram incluídos no estudo. Os pacientes foram randomizados para receber plasma rico em plaquetas e solução salina normal em um dos dois joelhos. O desfecho primário foram os escores VAS e WOMAC seis meses após o procedimento. O desfecho secundário incluiu alterações na rigidez articular, função física e qualquere feito adverso observado durante o curso do estudo. Resultados: O escore VAS basal para o joelho que recebeu plasma rico em plaquetas foi 8,4 ± 0,88 e melhorou significativamente para 4,85 ± 2,48 (p < 0,001) após seis meses, comparado ao joelho que recebeu solução salina normal (p = 0,017). A intensidade da dor avaliada com o WOMAC também melhorou de 14,5 ± 1,3 na fase basal para 7,00 ± 4,24 após seis meses (p < 0,001) nos joelhos que receberam plasma rico em plaquetas, enquanto nenhuma mudança significativa ocorreu nos joelhos que receberam solução salina normal entre a fase basal e após seis meses (10,2 ± 1,2 a 10,05 ± 1,23). Além disso, houve uma diminuição significativa da rigidez e melhora da atividade física nos joelhos que receberam plasma rico em plaquetas, comparados aos joelhos que receberam salina normal. Conclusão: O presente estudo identificou uma diminuição significativa da dor e da rigidez e uma melhora das funções físicas da articulação do joelho com a injeção intra-articular de plasma rico em plaquetas, comparada à solução salina normal.

Eficacia de la viscosuplementación con ácido hialurónico de alto y de mediano peso molecular en pacientes con gonartrosis sintomática grados II-III / Efficacy of viscosupplementation with high and medium molecular weight hyaluronic acid in patients with symptomatic gonarthrosis grades II-III

Resumen: Introducción: La osteoartrosis es actualmente la quinta causa de discapacidad en el adulto. Su prevalencia aumenta a partir de los 40 años. La viscosuplementación es un tratamiento para las etapas iniciales de la osteoartrosis de rodilla. Objetivo: Comparar la eficacia y la calidad de vida en pacientes con gonartrosis sintomática tratados con ácido hialurónico de alto y mediano peso molecular. Material y métodos: Estudio analítico, retrospectivo, transversal, observacional de expedientes clínicos de pacientes con diagnóstico de gonartrosis grado II y grado III, de Octubre de 2017 a Junio de 2018, tratados con viscosuplementación con ácido hialurónico de alto o de mediano peso molecular; se analizó la calidad de vida y la escala de WOMAC de manera previa a la primera aplicación y con seguimiento a los dos, cuatro y seis meses. Resultados: 194 pacientes, con edades entre 30 y 87 años (promedio 61.85; DE = 11.3); 134 mujeres (69.1%) y 60 hombres (30.9%). En ambos grupos la evolución fue hacia la mejoría, con disminución en el puntaje WOMAC, sin diferencia significativa entre grupos. El puntaje de WOMAC tuvo un aumento mínimo pasados seis meses de la aplicación en ambos grupos, lo que se interpreta como disminución del efecto terapéutico. Dos pacientes tuvieron reacciones adversas mínimas localizadas, las cuales se resolvieron con medidas generales. Conclusión: El ácido hialurónico en ambas presentaciones, de alto y de bajo peso molecular, es efectivo en el tratamiento de la gonartrosis sintomática sin diferencia con el peso molecular.

Abstract: Introduction: OA is currently the fifth leading cause of adult disability, its prevalence increases from age 40. Viscosupplementation is a treatment for the early stages of knee OA. Objective: To compare efficacy and quality of life in patients with symptomatic gonartrosis, treated with high and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid. Material and methods: Analytical, retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study of clinical records of patients diagnosed with grade II and grade III gonarthrosis, October 2017 to June 2018, treated with viscosupplementation with high molecular weight hyaluronic acid or low molecular weight; WOMAC quality of life and scale were analyzed prior to the first application and tracked at two, four and six months. Results: 194 patients, aged between 30 to 87 years (promedio 61.85; SD = 11.3); 134 women (69.1%), 60 men (30.9%). In both groups the evolution was towards improvement, with a decrease in the WOMAC score, with no significant difference between groups. The WOMAC score had a minimum increase after 6 months of application in both groups, which is interpreted as decreasing the therapeutic effect. Two patients had localized minimal adverse reactions which were resolved with general measures. Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid in both presentations, high and low molecular weight, are effective in the treatment of symptomatic goonarthrosis without difference to molecular weight.

El índice de masa corporal como fenotipo en el perfil clínico y funcional en mujeres con osteoartritis de rodilla / Association between the functional impact of osteoarthritis and body mass index in women

Background: Obesity is associated with pain, reduction of function and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Aim: To describe the clinical profile of women with knee OA according to their body mass index (BMI). Material and Methods: Observational study in 308 women with knee OA. According to their BMI, they were classified as normal-weight, overweight and obese. The primary outcome measure was functionality evaluated with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes were sleep quality evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and quality of life assessed with the European Quality of Life Five Dimension (EuroQol-5D). Results: WOMAC, PSQI and EuroQol-5D scores were significantly higher in obese women. Conclusions: Overweight and obese women with OA have more sleep disorders, reduction on functionality and quality of life compared to their normal weight counterparts.

Efectividad de la distracción tibiofemoral en la funcionalidad adicionada al tratamiento convencional en pacientes mayores de 50 años con osteoartritis de rodilla: un estudio piloto / Effectiveness of tibiofemoral distraction in the functionality added to conventional treatment in patients over 50 years with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study

RESUMEN: Osteoartritis (OA) es una de las enfermedades reumáticas más frecuentes y la más común enfermedad articular, afecta principalmente al cartílago articular y el hueso subcondral de una articulación sinovial resultando en la incapacidad articular. La OA es reconocida como una causa substancial de discapacidad, con significativos costos sociales y financieros debidos a las frecuentes intervenciones médicas y quirúrgicas además del ausentismo laboral. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar si la distracción tibiofemoral adicionada al tratamiento convencional en pacientes con osteoartritis de rodilla grado 3, presenta mejoras en el dolor, rango de movimiento y funcionalidad de la extremidad inferior, en comparación al tratamiento convencional propuesto por el MINSAL por sí solo. Esta investigación corresponde a un estudio piloto, con diseño experimental del tipo ensayo clínico aleatorizado (ECA), controlado, ciego simple y con una muestra equilibrada. La muestra corresponde a pacientes reclutados del Hospital San Borja Arriarán (Santiago, Chile) con diagnóstico médico de OA de rodilla grado 3. Se realizaron dos mediciones, una al inicio de las diez sesiones y otra al final del tratamiento, donde se midió el dolor con la escala visual análoga (EVA), el rango de movimiento articular pasivo con goniometría y la capacidad funcional con el test de marcha de 6 minutos y el cuestionario de WOMAC. Al comparar ambos grupos muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la funcionalidad, el dolor y distancia de marcha durante 6 minutos. La distracción tibiofemoral adicionada al tratamiento convencional presentó mejoras clínicas significativas cuando comparada con la aplicación del tratamiento convencional de OA de rodilla.

SUMMARY: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most frequent rheumatic diseases and the most common joint disease, primarily affecting joint cartilage and the subchondral bone of a synovial joint resulting in the y articular dysfunction. OA is recognized as a cause of disability, with significant social and financial costs due to medical, surgical interventions in addition to frequent absenteeism at work. The objective was to determine if tibiofemoral distraction, in conjunction with conventional therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis grade 3, improved performance of the lower extremity in comparison to the conventional treatment alone, as proposed by the Ministry of Health (MINSAL). This research is a pilot, prospective randomized clinical trial (RCT), controlled, single-blind and with a balanced sample. The sample was recruited from patients of the Hospital San Borja Arriarán (Santiago, Chile) with medical diagnosis of knee OA grade 3. Two measurements were performed, one at the beginning of the 10 sessions and at the end of treatment, which was measured with the functionality questionnaire of OA of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC), the pain visual analog scale (VAS), the passive joint range of motion with goniometry, and distance to the Test 6-minute walk. When comparing the two groups showed statistically significant differences in functionality, pain, distance walked and joint range, except in knee grade extension. The tibiofemoral distraction added to conventional treatment functional improvement in patients with knee OA grade 3.

Sensory-motor training versus resistance training among patients with knee osteoarthritis: randomized single-blind controlled trial

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis of the knee is defined as a progressive disease of the synovial joints and is characterized by failure of joint damage repair. The objective here was to compare the effectiveness of sensory-motor training versus resistance training among patients with knee osteoarthritis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Randomized, single-blinded controlled trial conducted at the outpatient service of the University of Santo Amaro. METHODS: A total of 64 patients were randomly assigned to sensory-motor training or resistance training. The evaluations were performed at baseline and 16 weeks after the intervention and included pain evaluation on a visual analogue scale, isometric quadriceps femoris force measurement using a dynamometer, Timed Up and Go test, Tinetti balance scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index, and the SF-36 quality-of-life questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using analysis of variance with repeated measurements and Cohen's effect size. RESULTS: Sensory-motor training may be a plausible alternative and showed a small effect on pain and a medium effect on maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Resistance training showed a small effect on balance and a medium effect on mobility. CONCLUSION: Resistance training and sensory motor training for the lower limbs among patients with knee osteoarthritis seemed to present similar effects on pain and function. However, because there was a considerable risk of type 2 error, further randomized clinical trials are still needed to provide a sound conclusion.

Clinical efficacy of resveratrol as an adjuvant with meloxican in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis patients: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the adjuvant use of resveratrol with meloxicam on the clinical scores of knee OA patients. This was a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised trial involving 100 patients with knee osteoarthritis performed at the Shar Teaching Hospital, Sulaimani General Hospital and Specialised Rheumatology Center, Sulaimani City from December 2016 to September 2017. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated by measuring the changes from baseline in the KOOS score, WOMAC index, and VAS-100 score after 90 days of treatment. Resveratrol significantly improves the knee OA pain and associated symptoms compared with placebo, and both clinical scores were found to be eligible for following treatment outcomes. In conclusion, resveratrol, when used in combination with meloxicam, improves pain and symptom scores in patients with mild-to-moderate knee OA compared with placebo. The intervention with a dietary supplement may significantly impact the pain and overall quality of life in patients with knee OA.